What are the future development prospects of LNG and the future development trend of LNG storage tan

LNG is an abbreviation for Liquefied Natural Gas in English. The main ingredient is methane. LNG is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive, its volume is about 1 600 of the volume of the same amount of gaseous natural gas, the weight of LNG is only about 45% of the same volume of water, and the calorific value is 52 mmBTU t (1mmBTU=.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is the English abbreviation of liquefied natural gas. Natural gas is a combustible gas naturally extracted from gas fields, and the main component is methane. LNG is condensed into a liquid by cooling natural gas in a gaseous state to -162 at atmospheric pressure.

After the liquefaction of natural gas, it can greatly save the storage and transportation space and cost, and has the characteristics of large calorific value and high performance. LNG is a clean, efficient source of energy. LNG is becoming a new hot spot in the global energy market because importing LNG helps energy-consuming countries to diversify their energy resources and ensure energy security, while exporting LNG helps natural gas producing countries to effectively develop natural gas resources, increase foreign exchange earnings, and promote national economic development.

Natural gas is becoming more and more popular as a clean energy source, with LNG listed as the fuel of choice in many countries, and the share of natural gas in energy** is rapidly increasing. LNG is growing at a rate of about 12% per year, making it one of the fastest-growing energy industries in the world. In recent years, the global production and development of LNG has become increasingly active, and LNG has become a scarce and clean resource, and is becoming a new hot spot in the world's oil and gas industry.

In order to ensure the diversification of energy and improve the energy consumption structure, some large energy consuming countries are paying more and more attention to the introduction of LNG, and Japan, South Korea, the United States, and Europe are building LNG receiving stations on a large scale. The major international oil companies have also shifted their new profit growth points to the LNG business, and LNG will become the next hot energy commodity in the global competition after oil.

But such ships are not as large as container ships, bulk carriers, and oil tankers.

According to the latest data released by Giignl, in 2020, the annual production capacity of global LNG regasification reached 100 million tons, an increase of 27 million tons compared with 2019, and the world's new LNG regasification capacity mainly comes from Brazil, which has a total of 2 floating regasification terminals put into operation, with a total of 11.2 million tons of new annual production capacity.

In terms of type, "onshore" regasification terminals still dominate; From the perspective of regional distribution, "regasification" is closely related to the regional distribution of global LNG imports, as "regasification" is a necessary link for the conversion of imported LNG into natural gas and into final consumption.

The annual LNG regasification capacity reaches 100 million tons

Under the trend of steady growth of LNG import and export**, the global LNG regasification terminal production capacity has also increased. According to the latest data released by Giignl, in 2020, the annual production capacity of global LNG regasification reached 100 million tons, an increase of 27 million tons from 2019.

In 2020, the new global LNG regasification capacity mainly came from Brazil, which had two floating regasification terminals in operation, with a total of 11.2 million tons of new annual production capacity. At the same time, a total of 4 expansion projects were completed globally in 2020, including 3 in China and 1 in Japan, adding a total of about 5.8 million tons of regasification capacity per year.

2. "Onshore" regasification terminals are still dominant

LNG regasification terminals can be divided into onshore and floating depending on the geographical location. As of the end of 2020, the global LNG regasification capacity is still dominated by onshore, reaching 100 million tons; The floating LNG regasification terminal is 10,000 tons.

3. LNG import volume is the key factor affecting LNG regasification capacity

After LNG is transported by sea from the exporting country to the importing country, it needs to go through the "regasification" link before it can be used for final consumption. From the perspective of regional distribution of regasification capacity, in 2020, Asia was the largest region in the world in terms of LNG regasification capacity, with an annual production capacity of 100 million tons, accounting for 56% of the global share, mainly due to the fact that Asia is the world's largest LNG import region, accounting for 71% of the import volume in 2020.

From the perspective of national rankings, in 2020, the top 4 countries in terms of LNG regasification capacity are Japan, the United States, South Korea and China, among which, Japan's annual LNG regasification capacity reaches 10,000 tons, which is mainly due to the fact that Japan is the country with the largest LNG import volume today, and "regasification" is a necessary link for LNG to be converted into natural gas and enter the terminal consumption.

Hello, Xinxiang Chengde believes that the development of LNG storage tanks is closely related to the natural gas industry. At present, China's natural gas industry is still in the development stage. According to the perspective of economic development, energy transition and resource security, in the long-term development process, China's energy demand will continue to rise, and the proportion of natural gas consumption will continue to rise.

The development of the L g n tank is still considerable.

LNG has a wide range of applications, as a gas fuel, used in power generation, ceramics, glass and other industries; As a clean fuel, it can be used for transportation and residential gas; As a cold source, it can be used for the production of quick-frozen food and low-temperature crushing of plastics and rubber. From the perspective of market capacity and development trends, LNG vehicles have broad development prospects due to their environmental protection.

According to the "2014-2018 China LNG Industry Market Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report" released by the Prospective Industry Research Institute, as of the end of 2013, the total designed production capacity of China's LNG projects that have been put into operation reached 38.35 million cubic meters, a significant increase from the end of 2012. At the same time, more than 50 LNG projects are under construction and are scheduled to be completed and put into operation in 2014, with a total production capacity of more than 60 million cubic meters.

From the perspective of output, China's LNG output in 2011 was about 5.4 billion cubic meters, and in 2012, the output increased to about 7.9 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year increase of about 47%, and in 2013, China's LNG output exceeded 10 billion cubic meters.

In recent years, China's LNG imports have shown a rapid growth trend, and the import volume increased to 10,000 tons in 2012, a year-on-year increase; By 2013, the cumulative import of LNG tons (equivalent to 100 million cubic meters), a year-on-year increase, accounting for 47% of the total imported gas. In 2013, China's LNG importers were in 13 countries, including Qatar, Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia and Yemen, of which gas sources from Qatar, Australia and Malaysia accounted for 1% and 14% respectively.

According to the survey of the LNG industry report of the prospective network, as of the end of 2012, there are 600-700 LNG refueling stations in operation in China, and the number of deliveries is more, compared with about 200 at the end of 2011, there has been a significant increase, and by 2013, the number of LNG refueling stations in China has increased to 1844, China's LNG refueling stations are mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other areas close to the gas source, or distributed in Shandong, Guangzhou, Jiangsu, Fujian, Zhejiang and other areas close to LNG offshore gas stations.

LNG industry, from the date of its birth in China, its main function is peak regulation, supplement and substitution, in the future, on the current energy structure, because of its high energy consumption, its main function will not change. 1 LNG will become an alternative energy source for gasoline and diesel, due to the environmental protection of LNG and the superiority of LNG **, LNG will likely replace gasoline and diesel as the main fuel for vehicles. As I said just now, oil may still be there, and the national gasoline and diesel have just been mentioned on June 20, and sooner or later they will have to be in line with international standards, and there will be a lot of room for growth.

According to the current lowest price, diesel is 6 23 yuan per liter, gasoline is 6 yuan per liter, and in vehicle fuel, the most advanced grid of LNG converted into natural gas per square is 3 5 yuan, and the mileage of 1 square natural gas and 1 liter of gasoline in the use of the car is basically the same, which shows the best advantages of LNG. In addition, LNG has the advantage of driving longer mileage and less exhaust gas than CNG as a vehicle combustion material. The environmental friendliness of LNG is unquestionable, and LNG is set to quickly become an alternative fuel.

Following the CNG of LPG, LNG has also been gradually applied to automotive fuels, which has played a great role in promoting the process of oil-to-gas conversion and making up for the shortcomings of not being able to build stations without a pipeline network. At present, the LNG vehicle refueling stations that have been built and put into operation in China include Beijing, Xinyi Urumqi, Hunan Changsha, Guizhou Guiyang, Hangzhou and other places, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Hainan and other places have also entered the pilot work, and the development of LNG vehicles will surely drive the LNG market. 2 LNG has a wider range of uses than piped natural gas for urban gas peak shaving.

It can be developed and utilized in the market where the natural gas pipeline has not arrived, and at the same time, it can make up for the inconvenience of pipeline gas in the city. As a civil fuel or power generation, with the season or other circumstances, there will inevitably be fluctuations in volume, which requires a peak shaving device, and LNG is the most conducive to peak shaving storage. 3 The methane content of special industrial fuel substitution LNG is high, which determines that it burns more cleanly. Due to the cleaning characteristics of LNG, its application in glass, ceramics, food processing and other industries will greatly improve the product yield and increase the added value of products; Judging from the comparison of the calorific value of several fuels, LNG can be widely used in cutting, steel and other industries.

4 LNG will become an effective means to make up for the national energy gap Since 2008, China's energy gap has been increasing, and natural gas resources have quickly entered the role of oil energy substitution, but except for Russia, other neighboring countries have limited natural gas reserves, so the import of pipeline natural gas has been difficult to achieve and the one-way dependence is too strong. At present, the state is vigorously promoting the construction of LNG receiving terminals, and is also using LNG to facilitate transportation, and the ratio of gas-liquid ratio is large, which can make up for the demand for gaseous natural gas. At the same time, the state will also vigorously develop the development and utilization of coalbed methane to ensure the demand for natural gas resources, and LNG is an effective way to accelerate the development, utilization and sales of coalbed methane.

Natural gas has the advantages of high calorific value and less pollution, and compared with oil and coal, natural gas is the most cost-effective. China's natural gas consumption will maintain rapid growth, and the signing of the natural gas purchase and sales contract between China and Russia on the eastern route will effectively guarantee China's rapid growth in natural gas demand, and at the same time mean that China has basically formed a good situation of multi-source gas supply.

LNG has such a strong development momentum and an increasingly important position in the international natural gas **, which is due to the development of LN6 application technology in the world. It is generally believed in the world that the LNG industry is a revolution in the contemporary natural gas industry, and its development has gone through a history of more than 60 years, forming a complete set of process technology and equipment from liquefaction, storage, transportation, vaporization to terminal utilization.

LNG is a form of storage and transportation of natural gas, and its widespread use is conducive to the storage and storage of remote natural gas, the long-distance transportation of natural gas, the peak regulation and market development in the use of natural gas, and the expansion of natural gas utilization.

According to the analysis of the "2014-2018 China Petroleum and Natural Gas Development Industry Market Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report" released by the Prospective Industry Research Institute, it is expected that by 2020, the proportion of natural gas in China's energy consumption structure will increase significantly from the current 4% to more than 10%.

At present, the national policy is unclear and there is no unified standardization, which temporarily restricts the development of LNG.

Personally, I think this is an industry with a bright future

The five major manufacturers monopolize the operation of LNG refueling stations

In recent years, various energy companies have successively formulated LNG refueling station plans, including PetroChina, CNOOC, Xinjiang Guanghui, Kunlun Energy, etc. By the end of 2019, nearly 3,900 LNG refueling stations had been put into operation across the country, of which PetroChina, CNOOC, Xinjiang Guanghui Group and ENN Group were the main operators. LNG refueling stations are concentrated in LNG consuming provinces and major LNG producing provinces such as Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Shanxi, among which Shandong is developing rapidly.

With the rapid development of the LNG refueling station market, it is reported that PetroChina has built and put into operation nearly 1,000 LNG refueling stations. Moreover, PetroChina's long-term goal is to deploy more than 5,000 LNG refueling stations across the country, which can be described as the largest appetite for "enclosure expansion".

In 2025, the number of LNG refueling stations in China will exceed 7,700

In recent years, due to the increase in oil prices and haze, it has brought powerful factors to the development of its alternative energy natural gas industry, which has led to the development of natural gas vehicles, thereby boosting the development speed of natural gas filling stations and even natural gas vehicle industry. After all, LNG refueling stations are still a "youth industry", and in the long run, they will become the main channel to develop the downstream terminal demand of LNG. At present, in fact, the phenomenon of mismatch between trains and stations is gradually alleviating.

According to the notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on printing and distributing the "13th Five-Year Plan" for oil and gas development: in 2020, there will be about 10 million gasification vehicles of various types, and more than 10,000 gas stations will be built. **By 2025, the number of LNG refueling stations in China will exceed 7,700.