How to purify iron, and how is iron refined?

Japan has developed a new method for refining high-purity iron.

Japanese scientists have successfully extracted iron with a purity using the negative ion exchange method, which not only simplifies the process, he said: If you want to make a fortune, go to Wantong Business Union to find high-quality suppliers! The cost savings also make iron favored in the field of optical semiconductor materials.

According to Japanese newspaper reports, Professor Isshiki of Tohoku University in Japan has developed high-purity iron using solvent extraction method and negative ion exchange method. On this basis, Professor Isshiki developed a new process in which ordinary electrolytic iron is dissolved in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, and then reduced to iron by filling a vinyl chloride cylinder filled with anion exchange resin, and then using hydrogen plasma to remove impurities such as oxygen, resulting in iron with a purity of 99 9999. This method can simplify the manufacturing process and greatly reduce the manufacturing cost because the valence of impurity elements in the aqueous solution is controlled in the negative ion exchange process without the use of solvent to remove impurities.

High-purity metals are metals that minimize all impurities, and are indispensable materials for future research and development of high-performance semiconductor components.

The new process is said to be a "simple process that is most suitable for mass production", and because iron itself is non-toxic, abundant in resources, inexpensive, and iron silicides can be used to make light-emitting elements in the infrared field, scientists are researching and developing high-purity iron as an optical semiconductor material.

What about steel....Have you seen it?

There are many kinds of smelting methods, to choose according to the different ores, but basically can be classified as reduction method, if it is hematite, its main component is Fe2O3, after the ore is sorted, it enters the smelting furnace, and is reduced to crude iron through coke, and then refined, if it is pyrite, it must be calcined first, so that it is converted into Fe2O3, and then smelted by reduction method. In short, there are various smelting methods depending on the ore, but the basic principle is to reduce Fe2O3 with carbon.

Because Fe in the ore is +2 or +3 valence, ironmaking is actually a process of reducing iron to 0 valence Fe element with coke (C) at high temperatures, of course, in order to remove impurities such as silicon and aluminum in iron ore, it is also necessary to add some limestone (CaCO3) and other slags with a specific gravity less than iron (floating on liquid iron), and the molten iron can be made into iron plates, wire rods and other commodities after steelmaking refining, casting or calendering.

Iron ore is an important raw material for iron and steel production enterprises, and natural ore (iron ore) is gradually selected through crushing, grinding, magnetic separation, flotation, gravity separation and other procedures. Iron ore is an aggregate of minerals containing iron elements or iron compounds that can be economically utilized.

Iron is extracted from iron ore and decomposed by melting ore at high temperatures.

Iron is a common metal element and an indispensable raw material for the industrial sector.

How iron is made How iron is refined.

The process of refining iron is called ironmaking, which is the process of refining metallic iron from iron-bearing minerals, and generally uses the blast furnace method to make iron. The main raw materials for ironmaking are iron ore, coke, limestone, and air. The iron content of iron ore is called grade, which must be beneficiated before smelting, removing other impurities, improving the grade of iron ore, and then crushing, grinding and sintering before it can be sent to the blast furnace for smelting.

During smelting, iron ore, coke, and limestone are added from the top of the furnace inlet, and hot air is blown into the furnace from the bottom to the top of the air inlet, and at high temperatures, the reactants are fully in contact with the reaction to obtain iron.

How iron is made How iron is refined.

In actual production, pure iron does not exist, and what is obtained is an iron-carbon alloy.

The main methods for extracting iron from iron ore are blast furnace method, direct reduction method, melt reduction method and plasma method. Among them, blast furnace ironmaking is to send iron ore and coke, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and other fuels and fluxes to the blast furnace for smelting in batches by the furnace top charging device according to the specified batching ratio, and remove impurities to obtain metallic iron (pig iron).

How iron ore is refined into iron

The melt reduction method is a method of reducing iron ore in a high-temperature molten state without using a blast furnace, and its product is liquid molten iron with a composition similar to that of blast furnace molten iron.

Ironmaking is the process of refining metallic iron from iron-bearing minerals. From a metallurgical point of view, ironmaking is the reverse of iron rusting and gradual mineralization, that is, the reduction of pure iron from iron-containing compounds.

In actual production, pure iron does not exist, and what is obtained is an iron-carbon alloy.

The method of refining iron is as follows:

The process of refining metallic iron from iron-containing minerals (mainly iron oxides) mainly includes blast furnace method, direct reduction method, melt reduction method, and plasma method.

1.Load the high-purity micronized -Fe2O3 into a dish, and the powder layer should not be too thick. After the disc is placed into the reaction tube, high-purity nitrogen is introduced to completely displace the air. Hydrogen saturated with water is then slowly fed through a gas washing cylinder.

The heating temperature is 300 400 . After the confirmation reaction was completed for 1 3 h, the hydrogen gas was stopped, and the sample was taken out after replacing it with nitrogen.

If the amount of water vapor is insufficient, the heating temperature is too high or the reduction is excessive, FEO will be generated, and the amount of water vapor can be increased by increasing the temperature of the gas washing cylinder (40 60 is more appropriate).

With needle-FeO(OH) as the starting material, -Fe2O3 was obtained by heating and dehydration. With this -Fe2O3, needle-like ferric oxide ions can be prepared. Black tapes use this ferric tetroxide as the tape recording medium.

2.Iron filings are reacted with sulfuric acid to obtain ferrous sulfate, and then caustic soda and iron oxide are added to 95 105 for addition reaction to generate ferric tetroxide, which is filtered, dried and crushed to obtain iron oxide black.

3.By heating an aqueous solution containing ferrous hydroxide precipitate to more than 70 and carrying out slow oxidation, an iron oxide powder composed of a fairly uniform octahedron or cubic single crystal particle with an edge length can be obtained. It is also possible to use the conveying air bubbles as a means of oxidation.

It is also possible to use an oxidizing agent like KNO3.

4.220g of 20% ammonia was added to FeSO4·7H2O aqueous solution, boiled under the condition of air cut off (a round-bottomed flask with a capillary tube can be used), and a concentrated aqueous solution containing KNO3 was added to the boil.

5.Ferrous sulfate solution is oxidized with alkali or the solution of iron salt and ferrous salt is mixed in a certain proportion and then precipitated by alkali.

Method of reducing iron from iron ore 1 Raw materials for iron smelting: iron ore, coke, limestone and air (1) Iron ore: mainly hematite Fe2O3, magnetite Fe3O4, siderite FeCO3, pyrite FeS2

2) Coke: the main function is to provide heat and produce reducing agent CO;

3) Limestone: The main function is to make slag and remove impurities such as SiO2 in iron ore.

2 Iron-making equipment: blast furnace.

3 The principle of ironmaking: under high temperature conditions, the reducing agent carbon monoxide is used to reduce iron from the oxide of iron. 4 The process and reaction of ironmaking (taking hematite as an example): 1) Coke combustion produces heat and generates reducing agent.

C+O2 ignition ===CO2; CO2 + C high temperature ===2Co

2) Iron oxide is reduced by CO to iron Fe2O3 + 3CO high temperature ===2Fe + 3CO2

3) SiO2 reacts with CaO, which is produced by the decomposition of CaCO3, to form calcium silicate.

CaCO3 high temperature ===CaO+CO2 ; cao+sio2==casio3 ；The main component of slag.

5. Ironmaking products: pig iron (mainly Fe and C alloys), filter residue (mainly containing Casio3), blast furnace gas (mainly containing CO).

According to the calculation of the chemical formula, the mass fraction of iron in pyrite and siderite is small, and pyrite contains sulfur elements, in the process of ironmaking, it is very likely to form sulfur dioxide gas, which is emitted into the air to cause air pollution.

6 Methods of metal smelting: (1) Reduction method: Metal minerals are heated and reacted with reducing substances such as coke, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide.

For example, the use of cuprite (Cu2O) to extract copper Cu2O+C high temperature ===2Cu+CO; Ancient wet copper smelting: Fe+CuSO4==FeSO4+Cu

2) Electrolysis: It is difficult to reduce active metals from their ores and requires electrolysis.

For example: electrolytic fused alumina aluminum: 2Al2O3 energized ===4Al+3O2, electrolytic molten sodium chloride to sodium: 2NaCl energized ===2Na+Cl2

3) Decomposition method: The oxides of some metals are easy to decompose when heated, and can be obtained by simple heating methods.

For example: mercury oxide to mercury: 2hgo high temperature ===2hg + o2