The principle of use of centrifugal pumps, the working principle of centrifugal pumps

Centrifugation is actually a manifestation of the inertia of an object, such as the water droplets on an umbrella, when the umbrella rotates slowly, the water droplets will follow the umbrella rotation, because the friction between the umbrella and the water droplets is used as a centripetal force for the water droplets. But if the umbrella rotates faster, the friction is not enough to make the water droplets move in a circle, then the water droplets will move away from the umbrella to the outer edge, just like pulling a stone with a rope to make a circular motion, if the speed is too fast, the rope will break and the stone will fly out. This is called centrifugation.

The main working principle of centrifugal pumps.

1) The impeller is driven to rotate by the pump shaft to do work on the fluid located between the blades, and the fluid is thrown to the periphery by the center of the impeller by centrifugal force. When the fluid reaches the outer periphery of the impeller, the flow rate is very high.

2) The pump casing collects the liquid that is thrown from between the blades, and these liquids flow in the shell in the direction of the gradual expansion of the volute-shaped channel, so that the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into static pressure energy and the energy loss is reduced. Therefore, the role of the pump casing is not only to collect liquid, it is also an energy conversion device.

3) Liquid suction principle: relying on the high-speed rotation of the impeller, the liquid in the center of the impeller is forced to be thrown away at a high speed, so as to form a low pressure in the center of the impeller, and the liquid in the low groove is continuously sucked up.

Air binding phenomenon: If the centrifugal pump is filled with gas in the casing before starting, the gas in the center of the impeller cannot form a large enough vacuum when it is thrown after starting, so that the liquid in the tank cannot be sucked up. This phenomenon is called air binding.

In order to prevent the occurrence of air binding, the centrifugal pump should be filled with external liquid before starting. This step is called filling the pump. In order to prevent the liquid poured into the pump casing from flowing into the low-level groove due to gravity, a check valve (foot valve) is installed at the inlet of the pump suction line; If the pump is positioned below the tank level, there is no need to refill the pump at start-up.

4) Guide wheels are installed around the outer periphery of the impeller to make the liquid energy conversion efficiency in the pump high. The guide pulley is a fixed ring with blades located on the outer periphery of the impeller. The bending direction of this blade is opposite to the bending direction of the impeller blade, and its bending angle is just adapted to the direction of the liquid flowing out of the impeller, guiding the liquid to change direction smoothly in the pump casing channel, so that the energy loss is minimized, and the efficiency of converting dynamic pressure energy into static pressure energy is high.

5) Balance holes in the rear cover plate eliminate axial thrust. The pressure of the liquid leaving the perimeter of the impeller is already high, and some of it will seep into the back of the impeller cover, and the liquid inlet on the front side of the impeller is at low pressure, resulting in an axial thrust that pushes the impeller towards the inlet side of the pump. This can easily cause wear and tear at the contact between the impeller and the pump casing, and in severe cases, vibration.

The balance hole allows a part of the high-pressure liquid to leak into the low-pressure area, reducing the pressure difference between the front and rear of the impeller. However, this will also lead to a reduction in pump efficiency.

6) The shaft sealing device ensures the normal and efficient operation of the centrifugal pump. If the annular gap between the centrifugal pump is not sealed or not well sealed, the outside air will penetrate into the low-pressure area of the center of the impeller, so that the flow rate and efficiency of the pump will decrease. In severe cases, the flow rate is zero – air binding.

Typically, mechanical seals or packing seals can be used to seal the shaft to the housing.

A centrifugal pump is a device used to transport liquids, and its principle of use can be briefly summarized as the following steps:

Start the pump: Start the centrifugal pump through an electric motor or other power source to make the pump start to rotate. Pumps usually consist of a casing, impeller, shaft, and sealing device, among other things.

Formation of a negative pressure area: The rotation of the impeller creates a centrifugal force that creates a negative pressure area inside the pump casing, which draws the liquid into the pump.

Suction liquid: Under the action of negative pressure, the liquid enters the pump from the suction port of the pump, is pushed by the rotation of the impeller, and produces a vortex with high-speed rotation as the impeller rotates.

Increases the energy of the liquid: As the liquid is constantly subjected to centrifugal force inside the impeller, the velocity and pressure of the liquid gradually increases, thus increasing the energy of the liquid.

Draining liquid: When liquid flows out of the outer edge of the impeller, it is usually discharged through the pump casing and discharge pipe and then transported to where it is needed.

This process realizes the flow of liquid from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area, thus realizing the head of the liquid. Performance parameters such as flow, head, shaft power, and efficiency of centrifugal pumps are affected by factors such as the structure, size, speed, and fluid properties of the impeller. Centrifugal pumps are widely used in various industrial, civil, agricultural and construction fields to transport different types of liquids such as water, sewage, chemical liquids, petroleum, food liquids, etc.

I don't understand what you mean by the principle of use, the working principle is to rely on the rotation of the impeller to produce centrifugal motion to transport the liquid out, of course, this is a simple explanation, in fact, it is a little complicated, so I will not repeat it here.

Hello Centrifugal pumps work on the principle of fluid transfer equipment that generates centrifugal force by rotating the impeller to draw and convey the liquid to the target location. The main components of centrifugal pumps include impellers, pump casings, inlet and outlet pipes, and lifting bearings. When running, the motor drives the pump shaft to rotate, and the impeller rotates with it, and sucks the liquid into the center of the impeller.

Due to the action of centrifugal force, the liquid forms a high-speed rotating vortex around the impeller, which increases the pressure of the liquid and accelerates the flow rate through the guiding effect of the pump casing, and is transported to the place where it is needed along the pump's wide mouth pipeline. 

A centrifugal pump is a fluid machine that is mainly used to convey liquids or compressed gases. Centrifugal pumps are one of the most common pumps out there, and their working principle is relatively simple, yet very effective.

The working principle of centrifugal pumps is based on Newton's laws of motion. When an object is subjected to a force, it will move in the direction of the force. Centrifugal pumps generate centrifugal force by rotating a set of impellers inside the pump body to draw the liquid from the inlet into the pump body and then push it towards the outlet.

Since the centrifugal force and gravity force are the same, the liquid can be moved through the pump body and piping system.

The main components of a centrifugal pump are the impeller and the pump body. The impeller is the core component of a centrifugal pump and is usually composed of multiple vanes. As the liquid inside the pump body rotates through the impeller, they are pushed against the outer edge of the impeller, creating a centrifugal force.

The greater this centrifugal force, the faster the liquid will flow. The pump body surrounds the impeller, and its role is to introduce the liquid from the inlet into the pump body, which then pushes it towards the outlet. The shape of the flow channel in the pump body can affect the flow rate and pressure of the fluid, which can affect the performance of the pump.

The working principle of centrifugal pumps is related to mechanical energy conversion. When the impeller rotates, the mechanical energy will be converted into liquid energy and hence a flow can be generated. The flow rate and pressure of a centrifugal pump depends on the nature of the liquid, the diameter and speed of the impeller, and the design of the pump body.

In general, the flow and pressure of a centrifugal pump increases with the impeller diameter and speed, but is inversely proportional to the viscosity and density of the liquid.

Centrifugal pumps are used in a wide range of applications, from household clean water pumps to large industrial pumps. Some of these applications include water supply, drainage, circulation, heating, cooling, irrigation, chemicals, and oil and gas. The main advantages of centrifugal pumps are their simplicity, high efficiency, and reliability.

Due to their simple structure, ease of manufacture and maintenance, centrifugal pumps are widely used and become one of the most common pumps in the industry.

How the centrifugal pump works:

The working principle of ordinary centrifugal pump is through the principle of centrifugal force, the pump and the inlet pipe are filled with water before starting, or the vacuum pump is used to pump air and start after the air is started, the working principle of the automatic water supply device of the ordinary centrifugal pump is to use the artificial well to directly discharge the air in the pump and the pump suction pipe, and through the check valve, gate valve and other facilities, the pump and the pump suction pipe are always filled with water, and can be started at any time.

When the impeller rotates, it drives the blades in the impeller to drive the fluid to rotate together, generating centrifugal force, and the fluid is thrown along the blades to the impeller outlet under the action of force, and is fed into the outlet pipe.

As the impeller rotates repeatedly, the fluid is continuously sucked in and discharged, and the centrifugal pump is always in working condition.

Summary. Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: A centrifugal pump is a device that uses the principle of power machinery to transport liquids from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area.

Its working principle is: the liquid is input into the centrifugal pump from the low-pressure area, through the rotation of the impeller, the liquid is pumped into the chamber of the impeller, with the rotation of the impeller, the liquid is pushed to the outside of the impeller, forming a high-pressure area, and the liquid flows out of the high-pressure area to complete the conveying process. The advantages of centrifugal pumps are large conveying capacity, high pressure and efficiency.

Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: A centrifugal pump is a device that uses the principle of power machinery to transport liquids from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area. It works by:

The liquid is fed into the centrifugal pump from the low-pressure area, and after the rotation of the impeller, the liquid is pumped into the chamber of the impeller, and with the rotation of the impeller, the liquid is pushed to the outside of the impeller to form a high-pressure area, and the liquid flows out from the high-pressure area to complete the conveying process. The advantages of centrifugal pumps are large conveying capacity, high pressure and efficiency.

I'm still a little confused, can you be more detailed?

Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: A centrifugal pump is a device that uses the principle of power machinery to transport liquids from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area. It works by:

The liquid is fed into the centrifugal pump from the low-pressure area, and after the rotation of the impeller, the liquid is pumped into the chamber of the impeller, and with the rotation of the impeller, the liquid is pushed to the outside of the impeller to form a high-pressure area, and the liquid flows out from the high-pressure area to complete the conveying process. The advantages of centrifugal pumps are large conveying capacity, high pressure and efficiency.

Centrifugal pumps work by using the rotation of the impeller to generate centrifugal force in the water.

Before starting the centrifugal pump, the pump casing and suction pipe must be filled with water, and then the motor is started to make the pump shaft drive the impeller and the water to do high-speed rotation movement, and the water is thrown to the outer edge of the impeller under the action of centrifugal force, and flows into the pressurized water pipeline of the pump through the flow channel of the volute pump casing.

At the center of the impeller of the water pump, because the water is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force to form a vacuum, the water in the suction pool is pressed into the pump casing under the action of atmospheric pressure, and the impeller rotates constantly, so that the water continues to flow in and out under the action of the impeller, so as to achieve the purpose of transporting water.

Introduction to centrifugal force

Centrifugal force is a manifestation of inertia, which does not actually exist. In order for an object to move in a circular motion, the object needs to experience a force directed towards the center of the circle – i.e., the centripetal force. If you establish coordinates with this object as the origin, it will appear as if there is a force in the opposite direction of the centripetal force of the same magnitude, causing the object to move in a direction away from the center of the circle of circular motion.

When the force on the object is not enough to provide the centripetal force required for circular motion, it appears as if the centrifugal force is greater than the centripetal force, and the object moves away from the center of the circle, a phenomenon called "centrifugal phenomenon". ）

Centrifugal pumps work by using centrifugal force to draw liquid from the inlet and accelerate it towards the outlet, resulting in a flow. When the impeller of the centrifugal pump rotates, a low pressure area is created in the center of the impeller so that the liquid at the inlet is sucked in, and as the impeller rotates, the centrifugal force pushes the liquid towards the outlet, the pressure increases, and the flow rate increases. In this process, the pump body of the centrifugal pump will form a closed cavity, and the inlet liquid will be accelerated by rotating the impeller, so as to produce the flow of the outlet liquid and realize the work of the pump.

Summary. Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: A centrifugal pump is a device that uses power machinery to transport liquids from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area.

Its working principle is: the liquid is input into the centrifugal pump from the low-pressure area, and the liquid is driven by the rotor into the impeller, and the impeller pushes the liquid outward to form a high pressure, and the liquid is discharged from the impeller outlet, so as to realize the delivery of the liquid. The rotor of the centrifugal pump is composed of bearings, shaft sleeves, impellers, rotors, etc., the bearings support the shaft sleeves, the shaft sleeves fix the impeller, the impeller drives the rotor to rotate, the rotor pushes the liquid outwards to form a high pressure, and the liquid is discharged from the impeller outlet, so as to realize the transportation of liquid.

The advantages of centrifugal pumps are large conveying capacity, low noise, simple structure, convenient maintenance, reliable operation, etc.

Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: A centrifugal pump is a device that uses power machinery to transport liquids from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area. It works by:

The liquid is fed into the centrifugal pump from the low-pressure area, and the liquid is driven by the rotor to enter the impeller, which pushes the liquid outward to form a high pressure, and the liquid is discharged from the outlet of the impeller, so as to realize the delivery of liquid. The rotor of the centrifugal pump is composed of bearings, shaft sleeves, impellers, rotors, etc., the bearings support the shaft sleeves, the shaft sleeves fix the impeller, the impeller drives the rotor to rotate, the rotor pushes the liquid outwards to form a high pressure, and the liquid is discharged from the impeller outlet, so as to realize the transportation of liquid. The advantages of centrifugal pumps are large conveying capacity, low noise, simple structure, convenient maintenance, reliable operation, etc.

Can you tell us more about that?

Hello, it is a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: A centrifugal pump is a device that uses power machinery to transport liquids from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area. It works by:

The liquid is fed into the centrifugal pump from the low-pressure area, and the liquid is driven by the rotor to enter the impeller, which pushes the liquid outward to form a high pressure, and the liquid is discharged from the outlet of the impeller, so as to realize the delivery of liquid. The rotor of the centrifugal pump is composed of bearings, shaft sleeves, impellers, rotors, etc., the bearings support the shaft sleeves, the shaft sleeves fix the impeller, the impeller drives the rotor to rotate, the rotor pushes the liquid outwards to form a high pressure, and the liquid is discharged from the impeller outlet, so as to realize the transportation of liquid. The advantages of centrifugal pumps are large conveying capacity, low noise, simple structure, convenient maintenance, reliable operation, etc.