The Sino Japanese War had many serious effects on the situation in China at that time. These effects

b Penetrating into the interior is the Eight-Nation Alliance.

The fundamental reason for the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War was that in 1868, Japan began to embark on the road of capitalism through the Meiji Restoration, and its national strength became stronger and stronger, and it was in urgent need of exporting goods and capital to foreign countries.

However, as an island country, Japan lacks domestic resources, has a narrow market, and the remnants of feudalism at home and the acuteness of various contradictions in the period of social transition, so the Japanese ruling circles headed by the emperor are eager to find a way out of foreign expansion. To this end, in 1887, Japan formulated the so-called "Qing Conquest Strategy", which gradually evolved into a "mainland policy" centered on invading China.

The impact of the First Sino-Japanese War.

The defeat in the Sino-Japanese War marked the defeat of the Qing Dynasty's foreign affairs movement that lasted for more than 30 years, and the achievements of modernization came to naught, breaking the pursuit of national rejuvenation by the Chinese people in modern times. The payment of land reparations and the loss of sovereignty facilitated the foreign powers' capital transfer and set off a frenzy of carving-up, marking a new stage in the invasion of China by the great powers, greatly deepening China's semi-colonization, and sharply declining China's international status.

The Sino-Japanese War directly led to an upsurge in the movement of the Chinese people to save the nation from peril, the bourgeoisie set off a movement for the reform of the law and a movement for democratic revolution, and the struggle of the Chinese people to spontaneously resist aggression, such as the Boxer Rebellion.

After the Meiji Restoration, Japan embarked on the road of capitalist development, and due to the narrow domestic market, it had the ambition of foreign aggression. (Root Cause).

The formulation of Japan's "mainland policy". (has been planned for a long time).

The Donghak uprising broke out in Korea, and the king of Korea asked the Qing ** to "help suppress", and the scheming Japan found an opportunity to provoke a war. (Fuse).

The Japanese wanted to control Korea, and in order to drive out the Qing Dynasty, they went to war.

The Qing army was defeated and retreated, and the battlefield gradually transitioned from the Korean Peninsula to the Qing territory, and finally ended in the defeat of the Qing army.

The war made Japan a windfall, felt the benefits of aggression, and emerged from its semi-colonial status to become a great power in Asia. The image of the Qing Dynasty was ruined, and the national strength was weakened.

The development of Japan's capitalist economy requires the expansion of overseas markets and the targeting of China.

1. After the Meiji Restoration, with the gradual increase of national strength, Japan's ambitions for foreign expansion swelled sharply, and the spearhead of aggression was directed at Korea and China.

2. (Fuse) In 1894, the "Donghak Party" occurred in Korea"Uprising - at the request of the king of Korea, the Qing ** sent troops into the DPRK to "suppress the civil strife" - Japan, which had coveted Korea for a long time, took the opportunity to send troops to Korea under the pretext of protecting the embassy and overseas Chinese - After the uprising subsided, the Qing ** suggested that China and Japan withdraw their troops at the same time, but Japan refused to accept it.

3. (Outbreak) On July 25, Japan attacked Chinese troop carriers off the coast of Toshima outside Asan Pass without declaring war, and launched an attack on the Qing troops stationed in Asan, provoking a long-planned war of aggression against China. This year is the first year of the lunar calendar, so the history of this war is called the "First Sino-Japanese War".

The defeat of the First Sino-Japanese War led to the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, which humiliated the country

The main contents are:

1. Qing ** recognized the "independence" of North Korea;

2. Cutting the Liaodong Peninsula, Taiwan, the Penghu Islands and its affiliated islands to Japan;

3. Compensate Japan for military spending of 200 million taels;

4. Chongqing, Shashi, Suzhou and Hangzhou will be added as treaty ports;

5. Open up new inland river routes;

6. Japan is allowed to open factories in treaty ports in China, and products shipped to Chinese mainland are exempt from mainland taxes.

The signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki undermined the aggressive rights and interests of Russia, Germany, and France in China. Russia, Germany, and France submitted a note to Japan and forced Japan to abandon its occupation of the Liaodong Peninsula by force. Japan was forced to agree to return the Liaodong Peninsula to China, but extorted 30 million taels of silver from the Qing in exchange.

China - Treaty-by-article analysis:

1. Qing ** recognized Japan's control of Korea, which facilitated Japan's use of Korea as a springboard to expand its influence in Northeast China.

2. The cession of large areas of territory in Taiwan and the Penghu Islands forced Taiwan to be isolated from the motherland for 50 years. and the ambition of the great powers to carve up China.

3. In order to repay the huge indemnities, the Qing ** stepped up the looting of the people, and also borrowed a large amount of foreign debts, so that the foreign powers further controlled China's finances and economy;

4. The opening of new treaty ports and the opening of new inland river routes enabled the imperialist invading forces to penetrate deep into the interior of China and the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River;

5. The establishment of factories by foreign capitalists in China has seriously hindered the development of China's national industry.

6. The European and American powers also enjoy the privileges stipulated in the treaty on the basis of the one-sided most-favored-nation clause, and the aggression of foreign capitalism against China has since entered a new stage, reflecting the aggressive demand of imperialist capital to export and divide the world.

In short, the degree of semi-colonization of Chinese society has deepened considerably.

Overall Analysis: Politics) marked the defeat of the Westernization Movement; The cession of Taiwan and other places further reduced China's territory; The degree of semi-colonial and semi-feudal was greatly deepened.

economy) 230 million taels of indemnity, which has brought a huge economic burden to the people; borrowing foreign debts to give the Great Powers further control over China's finances and economy; Allowing foreign powers to invest in factories seriously hindered the development of China's national industry.

Military) prompted the Qing Dynasty to carry out military reforms first.

ideology) prompted China's intellectuals and people of all strata to fight for salvation and survival in different forms, such as the Wuxu Reform, the Xinhai Revolution, the Boxer Rebellion, and so on.

Feelings) The loss of Great China to a small Japan has cast a shadow of inferiority in people's hearts since then.

External) * The ambition of the great powers to carve up China, foreign aggression entered the stage of capital export.

Japan's international status was greatly improved, national sentiment was high, and from then on embarked on the road of foreign aggression and expansion; * the development of the domestic economy; The reparations were used for education in the country, and many talents were trained for the rise of Japan.

1.The root cause of the First Sino-Japanese War: the need for the development of Japanese capitalism.

After the Meiji Restoration, Japan embarked on the road of capitalism. With the rise of military strength, the ambition of foreign aggression was born, and they tried to find a way out of foreign expansion. To this end, a "mainland policy" centered on China was formulated.

2.The direct cause of the First Sino-Japanese War: the uprising of the Donghak Party in Korea.

In the spring of 1894, a peasant uprising broke out in Korea, and North Korea asked China to send troops to help suppress it. When the Qing army entered Korea, Japan raided the Chinese Beiyang Fleet on July 25, provoking the Sino-Japanese War.

In the First Sino-Japanese War, Japan won and China suffered a crushing defeat. The war had a significant impact on the fate of both countries afterward.

Japan: Get rich overnight, arrogant, ransom the army, and finally perish!

China: Learning from the pain, democratic revolution, nirvana rebirth, and changing the world!

The Sino-Japanese War was a war of Japanese aggression against China and Korea at the end of the 19th century. According to the Chinese Ganzhi year, the year 1894 when the war broke out was the First Sino-Japanese War, so it was called the First Sino-Japanese War (known as the Sino-Japanese War in Japan, and the First Sino-Japanese War in Western countries).

The First Sino-Japanese War began with the outbreak of the Battle of Toshima on July 25, 1894 (the 20th year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty) and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki on April 17, 1895. The war ended with the defeat of China and the annihilation of the Beiyang Naval Division. Under the military pressure of Japanese militarism, the Qing Dynasty of China signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki, an unequal treaty that humiliated the country.

The outcome of the First Sino-Japanese War brought an unprecedentedly serious national crisis to the Chinese nation and greatly deepened the degree of semi-colonization of Chinese society. On the other hand, it made Japan more powerful and became one of the great powers.