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Hello. Check about the life of cement, the life of the cement is only 3050, no wonder I stipulate that the life of cement for construction is only 60, the real estate right is only 70, and the truth is hidden.
Cement has been invented 200 years ago, the theoretical research has been deep enough, and the variety is wide, and the ordinary cement used in construction has exceeded 3050 service life.
Throughout the 200 years of history of Xu's house, in addition to high-rise buildings, the basic number of houses is made of wood, and even the lack of resources is made of wood.
Cement defects, Xu family pay attention to the special cement life end, construction waste, how to deal with new problems, cement degradation, cement garbage with reclamation, blasting, crushing, crushing can be the basis of fear, I am afraid that at present, my builders demolish old houses, cement trucks, garbage dumps, fill in 70 batches of water and mud in the singing leap forward real estate, how to dispose of the mud, I am afraid to fill in the new Taiwan Island.
My house, the book, wood, brick, mud, and mud houses want my mouth to expand and liberate 390 million 1.2 billion 1.3 billion 90 million now, and the demand for housing is increased by 100 million times, but the demand for housing is several times greater, and the structural change of our mouth is the same as ignoring me, and the real estate is the same as structural change, and the --- urban agglomeration, rural and urban dispersion; New cities and old cities are black and white.
Not only the defects of cement, but also the introduction of cement as the main building material, timber for the construction of housing, the huge mouth expansion, the rigid user population control, the rural and urban dualistic societies, the world is similar, all have special characteristics, Xu Fa point, but the development of things often deviates from the original development line, and now it is easy to understand that the rural and urban households, especially the rural children, always feel inferior
My child understands why he didn't live in the cement house, weathered.
China's economy is developing with new management of the old; The development of our city is mainly in charge of the old.
Look at the crazy real estate to build houses with cement Ordinary people are allowed to take out 30 mortgages, but the life of the cement is over for another 20 houses, and even after the supply of houses for 30 long-term dilapidated houses, look at me, the few houses in the old urban areas of the city have collapsed, and the dilapidated houses have only been built in the sixties and seventies, and now they are only forty or fifty years old, and the technology can be compared with the current science and technology, regardless of the development of science and technology, the life of ordinary cement is currently breaking through the air, 3050 fate, unless special cement is used to build ordinary houses with special mud, which is only universal than the emperor's new installation, and self-deception.
Special cement for construction, special construction for special construction, special cement for construction, wood for ordinary houses.
Generally speaking, the civil engineering and masonry structures of scenic spots have been preserved for a long time.
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No matter what kind of building, what kind of geology, as long as the foundation is solid and stable and constructed according to the design, there is basically no danger.
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The main difference between reinforced concrete structure houses and brick-concrete structure houses is in load-bearing, reinforced concrete structure houses are all or most of the reinforced concrete load-bearing, and the wall only plays the role of filling and separation, and does not play a load-bearing role. The brick-concrete structure house is a common load-bearing of walls and columns, in which the wall plays an important load-bearing role, and through the interaction of walls, beams and columns, the lower layer bears the load on the upper layer. Secondly, the foundation, floor and ground of the reinforced concrete structure house are reinforced concrete, while the foundation, floor and ground of the brick-concrete structure house can be reinforced concrete, or it can be a brick and stone foundation, cement floor, tile roof, etc.
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The main thing is that the load-bearing structure is different.
Reinforced Concrete StructureReinforced concrete structure refers to a structure made of concrete reinforced with steel bars. The main load-bearing elements are built with reinforced concrete. It includes thin shell structures, cast-in-situ structures of large formwork, and reinforced concrete structures constructed using sliding formwork, rising plates, etc.
A structure made of steel and concrete. The steel bar is subjected to tensile force, and the concrete is subjected to pressure. It has the advantages of being strong, durable, good fire performance, saving steel and low cost than steel structure.
It is made of reinforced concrete elements that are pre-made in a factory or construction site and assembled on site.
Brick-concrete structure refers to the use of brick or block masonry for the walls and columns of the vertical load-bearing structure in the building, and the reinforced concrete structure for the transverse load-bearing beams, floor slabs, roof panels, etc. In other words, the brick-concrete structure is a load-bearing structure with a small part of reinforced concrete and a large part of the brick wall. Brick-concrete structure is a kind of mixed structure, which is a mixed structural system composed of brick walls to bear loads, reinforced concrete beams, columns, slabs and other components.
It is suitable for small studio depth, small room area of brick-concrete structure construction technology, multi-storey or low-rise buildings, which can not be changed for load-bearing walls, while concrete frame structures can be changed for most of the walls.
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1.60 years for reinforced concrete structures and 50 years for brick-concrete structures.
2.The service life of a dwelling refers to the number of years that a dwelling can maintain normal use under physical wear and tear, and is determined by the structure and quality of the dwelling. The depreciation life of a dwelling refers to the number of years of transfer of the value of the dwelling, which is determined by the socio-economic conditions in the process of use, and is also called the economic lifespan.
The useful life of a dwelling is generally greater than the depreciation life.
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The design life stipulated in the national code is 50 years;
It's not that it can't be used after 50 years, but it is said that the safety factor will be reduced after 50 years, and it will need to be identified or reinforced at that time. If there are no ** or other unexpected circumstances, if the design and construction are regular, it is estimated that there will be no problem in sixty or seventy years.
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It is the socially necessary average service life determined by the socio-economic conditions in the use process, also known as the economic life span. The depreciation period of different building structures of residential buildings is stipulated by the state: 60 years for reinforced concrete structures; 50 years of brick-concrete structure.
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Looking at the design period, it should be different according to the building grade, and the one I have seen is generally 50 years.
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70 years for ordinary dwelling;
50 years for public buildings (offices, buildings, halls, etc.).
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The house has an architectural structure and a house structure.
The building structure of the house refers to the classification of building materials according to the main load-bearing components such as beams, columns, and walls of the house.
There are six types of building structures: steel structure, steel, reinforced concrete structure, reinforced concrete structure, mixed structure, brick and wood structure, and other structures.
1) Steel structure: The main load-bearing structure is built with steel materials, including suspension structure. Such as steel workshops, large stadiums, etc. �
2) Reinforced concrete structure: The main load-bearing structure is built with steel and reinforced concrete. For example, part of the beams and columns of a house are made of steel, and some of the beams and columns are built of reinforced concrete. �
3) Reinforced concrete structure: The main load-bearing structure is built with reinforced concrete, including shell structure, large formwork cast-in-place structure and reinforced concrete constructed by advanced construction methods such as sliding form riser. �
4) Mixed Structure: The main load-bearing structure is built with reinforced concrete and brick and wood. For example, the beams of a house are made of reinforced concrete, with brick walls as load-bearing walls, or the beams are made of wood and the columns are made of reinforced concrete.
Mixed second class with prefabricated reinforced concrete trabecular thin plates, and the others are mixed first class. �
5) Brick and wood structure: The main load-bearing structure is built with bricks and wood, such as a house is built with wooden roof trusses, brick walls, and wooden columns. The gables and front transverse walls on both sides of the house (referring to a row or a building, the same below) are of more than one brick thick, and the bricks and wood are of the first grade; The gables on both sides of the house are more than one brick, the thickness of the front transverse wall is half a brick, a slab wall, a false wall or other single wall, the thickness of the gable of the wing house is one brick, and the front wall of the wing house and the front wall of the main house are less than one brick for the second class of bricks and wood; The gables on both sides of the house are load-bearing with wooden frames, filled with semi-brick walls or other false walls, or brick walls, wooden roof trusses, tile roofs, and bamboo trusses are composed of brick and wood thirds.
6) Other structures: All building structures that do not belong to the above structures are classified in this category.
The house structure is a few bedrooms and a few living rooms
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Housing structure: refers to the material used to build the main load-bearing components of the house.
Classified according to the structure of the building of the house.
1.Steel structure refers to the fact that the main load-bearing components are built with steel materials, including suspension structures.
2.Steel and reinforced concrete structures refer to the main load-bearing components that are constructed of steel and reinforced concrete.
3.Reinforced concrete structure refers to the fact that the main load-bearing components are constructed with reinforced concrete. Including thin-shell structure, 4Large-formwork cast-in-situ structures and reinforced concrete structures constructed using sliding forms, rising plates, etc.
5.Mixed structure refers to the fact that the main load-bearing elements are constructed with reinforced concrete and brick and wood. For example, the beams of a house are made of reinforced concrete and the brick walls are used as load-bearing walls, or the beams are made of wood and the columns are made of reinforced concrete.
6.Brick and wood structure refers to the main load-bearing components that are built with bricks and wood. For example, a house is built of wooden trusses, brick walls, and wooden columns.
Other structures refer to all houses that do not belong to the above structures. Such as bamboo structure, brick arch structure, cave and so on.
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Building structures are divided into concrete structures, steel structures, masonry structures, and timber structures according to the materials used.
1. Concrete structure: Compared with the structure of other materials, the concrete structure has good integrity and can be poured into a whole; It has good modularity and can be poured into structures of various shapes and sizes; Good durability and fire resistance; The project cost and maintenance cost are low. However, concrete structures are prone to cracks; The self-weight of the structure is larger than that of steel and wood structures; Outdoor construction is limited by climate and season; The old and new concrete are not easy to connect, which increases the difficulty of reinforcement and repair.
2. Steel structure: the steel structure is lightweight, the reliability of the work is high, the vibration resistance (earthquake) and impact resistance of the steel are good, the industrialization degree of steel structure manufacturing is high, the steel structure can be assembled accurately and quickly, the indoor space is large, it is easy to make a sealed structure, it is easy to corrode, the fire resistance is poor, it can be used and the construction period is short.
Brick, stone or block masonry has good fire resistance and good durability. Masonry does not require formwork and special construction equipment, which can save wood. The masonry of the new masonry can withstand a certain load, so it can be worked continuously.
4. Wood structure: The wood structure is light in weight, and the wood components are easy to transport, assemble and disassemble, and can be used many times, so it is widely used in housing construction, and is also used for bridges and towers. The advent of modern glulam structures has expanded the scope of application of wood structures.
Wood is brittle and damaged by tension and shear, and its strength is greatly affected by natural defects such as knots, twills and cracks. But it has a certain plasticity when it is compressed and bent.
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It depends on how the beams are divided. It is generally divided into:
1. According to the stress situation: frame structure, shear wall structure, frame-shear wall structure, cylinder structure, cylinder structure, brick-concrete structure, plate and column structure.
2. According to the material: masonry structure, reinforced concrete structure, steel structure, wood structure.
3 There is also a spatial structure like a space grid structure.
Features: The force of the frame structure is relatively clear and simple, and the space of this structure is relatively large, and the force transmission is as follows: plate - beam - column - foundation.
Shear walls are basically used for high-rise (unless there is no higher treatment method for multi-layer local shear walls), he can bear horizontal wind loads in addition to vertical loads, because the stiffness of the frame is not enough for high-rise frames, and the deformation will be relatively large, so it is better to use shear wall structure to a certain extent.
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Reinforced concrete was first used in 1861, with dams, pipes and floors being built first. In 1875, a French horticulturist Monye (1828-1906) built the world's first reinforced concrete bridge.
At the beginning of the 20th century, some people published theories such as water-cement ratio, which initially laid the theoretical foundation for the strength of concrete. Later, light aggregate concrete, aerated concrete and other concrete appeared one after another, and various concrete admixtures also began to be used. Since the 60s, superplasticizers have been widely used, and high-efficiency superplasticizers and corresponding fluidized concrete have appeared; Polymer materials have entered the field of concrete materials, and polymer concrete has appeared; A variety of fibers are used for fiber-reinforced fiber-reinforced concrete.
Modern testing techniques are also increasingly being applied to the study of concrete material science.
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"Chicago Insurance Building (completed 1884-1885), the world's first building supported by a reinforced concrete structure. "
This is the only close answer available.
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1) Brick-concrete structure: It is made of bricks or load-bearing blocks.
A building structure consisting of load-bearing walls, cast-in-situ or prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs. It is mostly used to build low-rise or multi-storey residential buildings.
2) Frame structure: the main skeleton load-bearing structure composed of beams and columns, the floor slab is generally cast-in-place concrete, and the wall is an infill wall. It is mostly used to build medium and high-rise buildings.
3) Frame shear wall structure: It is a structure that bears vertical and horizontal action by shear wall and frame, also called frame seismic wall structure. The difference between frame seismic wall structure and frame structure is to increase the stiffness and integrity of the building, turning a part of the infill wall that is not stressed in the frame structure into a reinforced concrete wall that bears wind and ** horizontal loads.
Mostly used to build. Construction of mid-rise and high-rise buildings.
4) Shear wall structure: It is a structure composed of shear wall to withstand vertical and horizontal force, also called seismic wall structure. The walls and floor slabs of the shear wall structure that are subjected to vertical and horizontal loads are all cast-in-situ reinforced concrete. It is mostly used to build medium and high-rise buildings.
5) Steel structure: beams, columns, and floor slabs are all steel, and the wall is composed of thin metal plates filled with lightweight insulation materials. Therefore, it is light and can be used to build super high-rise buildings.
6) Light steel structure: The beams, columns, and roof trusses of the building are composed of highly simplified steel components, and the construction speed is fast, which is suitable for building low-rise and multi-storey industrial and civil buildings.
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