The one who can put the predecessor of the black hole, the formation, what ability it has, the lifes

There is a strange celestial body in the universe, its gravitational pull is so strong that even the fastest light can't escape from it, so people can't see it, and call it a black hole.

A black hole is not a physical planet, but an almost empty region of the sky. Black holes are the densest place in the universe, and if the earth becomes a black hole, it will only be the size of a soybean. It turns out that the matter in the black hole is not evenly distributed in this celestial region, but is concentrated in the center of the celestial region.

These substances have an extremely strong gravitational pull, and any object can only cruise around the periphery of this center. Once you accidentally cross the boundary, you will be pulled towards the center by a strong gravitational force, and eventually turn into powder and fall to the center of the black hole. Therefore, the black hole is a veritable space demon king.

The reason why there is such a strong gravitational pull inside a black hole is related to its formation. A star with a mass of more than 20 times that of the Sun is generally still more than twice the mass of the Sun after a supernova explosion. The gravitational pull of this part of the matter is very strong, resulting in a sharp collapse.

Although there is also some pressure to resist the collapse inside during the collapse process, in the face of such a strong gravitational force, it is tantamount to a mantis arm blocking the car. As the collapse intensifies, molecules, atoms, and even nuclei are squeezed out, eventually forming an extremely dense center of gravity.

Since black holes cannot be seen or touched, how do astronomers discover and observe them? This is mainly explored through powerful X-ray sources in the black hole region. Although the black hole itself cannot emit any light, its huge gravitational pull on surrounding objects and celestial bodies still exists.

When the surrounding material is attracted by its strong gravitational pull and gradually falls towards the black hole, powerful X-rays are emitted, forming an X-ray source in the sky. By searching for X-ray sources, people can find traces of black holes.

Theoretically, black holes also have a lifespan. This is mainly because black holes don't just "eat", they also lose mass because they radiate outward.

The various types of black holes, mainly their mass. For example, a quantum black hole is as big as an elementary particle and as massive as a mountain; stellar black holes formed by the gravitational collapse of massive stars; supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies, etc. Different black holes have different theoretical lifetimes.

The radiation of a black hole is related to its mass. The smaller the mass, the higher the radiation temperature; The greater the mass, the lower the radiation temperature.

Quantum black holes have a lower radiation temperature than the cosmic microwave background radiation temperature due to their small mass, so we know that the energy is from high to low. So these small black holes will gradually consume their energy in the universe. Its lifespan ranges from billions to tens of billions of years.

The radiation temperature of stellar black holes and galactic black holes is already lower than the cosmic microwave background radiation temperature, so there is no outward loss of mass. It wasn't until the microwave background radiation of the universe became cooler that these black holes began to transfer energy to the universe. As a result, the lifespan of these black holes is almost unlimited.

This problem is not yet possible at the current level of scientific and technological development.

To understand the lifespan of a substance, one must first understand the properties of the substance. Black holes are currently only in a theoretical stage. What exactly is it? How is the interior structured? Whether or not it actually exists, or whether it is another universe in its own right, is now a hypothesis.

In this case, it is impossible to study how long it lives.

The lifespan of a black hole seems almost infinite now! But in fact, depending on the formation process of black holes, the lifetime of black holes will vary slightly! Why a little? Because in terms of human chronology, they are all extremely long ......

Before we talk about the lifetime of black holes, let's take a look at how the radiation of black holes comes from! Because in the process of cognition of black holes, it was a celestial object predicted in the general theory of relativity earlier, and later actual observations proved that such a celestial body does exist, but cognition has always believed that black holes are a miser who only swallows and does not vomit, but later a scientist in the former Soviet Union found that black holes still radiate energy through calculations, but Thorne beat him to ......death with a stickI don't know how Thorne thought about it after Hawking "grabbed" the results of black hole radiation on the basis of the student research of the unlucky ghost scientist in the former Soviet Union, and whether he should apologize?

We understand that black holes emit energy, and the mass of black holes is concentrated at a point of no size, so whether they exist in the form of matter or energy, or can they be converted into ......At the very least, it shows that the black hole is not a celestial body that only swallows but does not vomit, and it still releases material ...... outward(Energy is also a type of matter).

The radiation temperature of a massive black hole is extremely low, even lower than the microwave background radiation, which seems to still absorb energy and matter in comparison with the temperature in the modern universe, simply put, it will continue to expand!

The radiation temperature of a relatively small black hole, such as a black hole with a mass smaller than the moon, will be higher than the cosmic microwave background radiation temperature, and it will gradually evaporate its mass over a long career!

So the question is, does such a black hole exist in our universe? In modern astronomical theories, black holes are caused by the collapse of stars with inner cores greater than the Oppenheimer limit during supernova explosions. From this point of view, at least in the modern universe this black hole is infinitely lifespaned, but as the universe expands, the microwave background radiation will be lower in the future, and perhaps by that time the black hole will begin to give back to the universe!

There is a kind of primordial black hole that meets such a requirement, that is, the primordial black hole formed in the era of the universe seems to be relatively small mass, so according to its radiation form, it may have already evaporated ......But unfortunately, we can't seem to prove that this process has happened or not! Perhaps in the future, projects that can detect the primordial gravitational waves of the Great ** era will bring a glimmer of hope to this project that has reached a dead end!

Black holes will continue to absorb the surrounding material, and at the same time, they will also lose mass through the evaporation of the black hole (Hawking radiation), but the Hawking radiation of massive black holes is very slow and has a long lifespan much longer than the age of our universe, such as the mass of the sun, the theoretical lifespan reaches 10 65 years.

In the theory of relativity, black holes are described as strange celestial bodies that only enter but do not exit, if you consider the quantum mechanical effect, in fact, black holes are not only in and out, in the place where the black hole horizon will produce virtual particle pairs due to quantum fluctuations, so that the black hole radiates positive energy particles (such as photons, neutrinos, neutrons, etc.), this phenomenon is called Hawking radiation.

Before Hawking radiation was proposed, there was a very big mystery in quantum mechanics - the "black hole information paradox", because if the black hole only enters and does not leave, then the matter that enters the black hole carries the information completely disappears, which is contrary to the law of conservation of information, and some scientists at that time insisted that the strong gravitational pull of the black hole is enough to invalidate the law of conservation of information.

It wasn't until Hawking put forward the theory of black hole evaporation that this problem was completely solved, in fact, the information carried by the matter entering the black hole did not disappear, but was released through Hawking's evaporation, and the law of conservation of information also holds true for black holes.

According to the theory of black hole evaporation, each black hole has a radiation temperature, which is inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole

(1) A gigaton black hole, corresponding to a Schwarzschild radius of only the size of an atomic nucleus, with a radiation temperature of up to 1 trillion degrees Celsius and an evaporation lifetime of about 10 billion years.

(2) The radiation temperature of a black hole of the mass of the moon is only lower than that of the cosmic background radiation temperature.

(3) The radiation temperature of a black hole of solar mass is only 6*10-8K, and the lifespan is as high as 10 65 years.

For the black holes formed by the collapse of stars, the mass is theoretically greater than 3 times the mass of the sun, the radiation temperature is very low, and the lifespan is much longer than the age of our universe; At present, the background radiation temperature of our universe is that for most black holes, energy can be absorbed directly from the cosmic background radiation, so the mass of these black holes will only increase and not decrease.

At the beginning of the universe, many primordial black holes may have been formed, the mass of primordial black holes is very small, the radiation temperature of these black holes is very high, and the lifespan is very short, but primordial black holes are only hypotheses in theory, and astronomers have never found the existence of small-mass black holes.

I think we can't predict the lifespan of a black hole, and eventually the black hole may swallow all the stars around him, and there is also a possibility that it will heal automatically.

The lifespan of a black hole is almost infinite, because the black hole can constantly absorb and swallow nearby matter, so it can constantly replenish energy, and its own energy consumption is also very low, and it will eventually become larger and larger.

At present, the black hole detected by human beings can absorb the surrounding matter infinitely, which is also where we are frightened, there is a ** that shows that the life span of the black hole is longer than that of our universe, and what will become in the end is still a mystery.

The lifespan of a black hole is very long, this is because the black hole can constantly attract and devour the surrounding matter, and eventually the black hole may form another universe, so it is also said that the other end of the black hole leads to a new universe.

Speaking of black holes, many friends are familiar with it, the very mysterious celestial bodies in the universe are also very difficult to observe celestial bodies, when the theory of black holes was first proposed, many scientists still questioned it, after all, it was not observed, but now, black holes have been photographed**.

Stars begin to expand when they run out of hydrogen fuel, shrinking in the center but the outer edge layer begins to expand, cool, and glow a faint red. Chen is a red superstar. The center of the red giant continues to shrink because it is the only way to have more energy.

After that, it will become larger** and emit a bright light that is 1 billion times brighter than that of the sun. This is supernova. After that, the central nucleus is preserved as a neutron star or black hole.

As long as you are in science class in the 6th grade, anyone who listens to the lecture will understand it! I recommend you to make up for it! Go buy a copy of "A Brief History of Time" and "The Universe in the Shell", which has a professional explanation of black holes, and a lot of astronomical and physical knowledge.

Black holes are created because the mass density is so dense that the gravitational density can absorb photons. The formation of a black hole is the formation of its mass density exceeding a critical point, **, because a large amount of energy is generated, a large number of molecules collide with each other, due to the huge molecular weight of the celestial body itself, a core of great density may be formed between the collisions, and then absorb matter to form a black hole.

When the core of a massive star is exhausted, the core of the star, which is three times more massive than the Sun, evolves into a black hole. In a black hole, there is no outward force that can maintain balance with gravity, so the core will continue to collapse, forming a black hole. Albert Einstein geometrically interpreted a black hole as a hole in which matter travels through space, and if space itself were a hole, there would be no matter to escape.

A black hole is a celestial object whose gravity is so strong that even the fastest light cannot escape. As a result, space-time around a black hole is also distorted by gravity, creating a plane of events from which any matter can no longer escape as long as it is swallowed by it, and its radius is called the gravitational radius. Since even light cannot be detached, it is impossible to see the inside of the plane of events.

When a black hole is formed, all matter collapses toward the center into a very small point called the singularity, and its surface layer is called the event dome. And the distance between this surface layer and the central singularity is the Swa radius. For any matter to travel outside the Shiva radius of a black hole, it will have to escape faster than the speed of light.

But according to the special theory of relativity, the speed of light is the limit of speed, so all matter can never escape if it reaches the singularity of the center of the event dome and is dragged into the center.