What is the method of control of eggplant gray mold

The main measures for the prevention and control of eggplant gray mold are as follows:

First, choose disease-resistant varieties.

Second, agricultural measures.

Apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve the disease resistance of plants. It is cultivated with high furrow and covered with plastic film to reduce the humidity of greenhouses and fields, and prevent the spread of germs in the soil to the aboveground parts. Clean the farmland, remove diseased fruits and leaves in time, and take them out of the field for centralized deep burial treatment.

Strengthen ventilation and humidity reduction in the protected area, release the wind in the morning and evening on sunny days, so that the temperature of the shed rises rapidly, and when it reaches 33, start to put the top wind; When the temperature of the shed drops to more than 25, continue to release the wind at noon to keep the shed temperature at 25 20 in the afternoon; When the shed temperature drops to 20, close the vents to keep the shed temperature at 15 17 at night. On cloudy days, open the vents for ventilation. If conditions permit, drip irrigation or dark irrigation under the membrane can be used to avoid excessive humidity.

Third, pharmaceutical prevention and control.

The protected area can be applied with 5% chlorothalonil dust, ethyltrimlen dust, and 5% flumorpholine dust by powder spraying method, and the dosage of 667 m2 is 1 kg. In the early stage of the disease, 50% Pythium wettable powder 1500 times, 50% iprodione wettable powder 1500 times, 50% ethylene sclerotium wettable powder 1000 times, 65% methylmycofen wettable powder 1000 times, 50% polymycolin wettable powder 1000 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800 times, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times, 40% sclerotia net wettable powder 600 times. In areas where the bacteria are resistant to Pythium, carbendazim, iprodione, and ethylene sclerotia, 65% methiocarb or 50% polythiocarb wettable powder can be used 1000 times liquid, sprayed once every 7 10 days.

During the flowering period, when the flower buds are dehisced to open, 1 gram of 66% methyl thiocarb wettable powder is mixed with 1 kg of water and then sprayed or dipped in flowers, if only the flower stalk is coated, the effect is not good. The appearance of deformed fruits in the dipping flowers is not the effect of pesticides, but the result of repeated dipping, therefore, repeated dipping should be avoided.

Botrytis cantrytis can occur at both the seedling and adult stages of eggplant. The seedlings are infected and the cotyledons die. Later, it expands to the young stem, the young stem shrinks and becomes thinner, often breaks off and dies from the diseased part, and the true leaf is infected with semicircular to nearly circular light brown whorl spots, and the later leaves or stems can grow gray mold, and the diseased part rots.

The adult plant is infected, and the leaf edge first forms a large water-soaked spot, and then turns brown, forming an oval or nearly circular light yellow whorl spot, with a diameter of 5 10 mm, densely covered with gray mold, and severe large spots are continuous, causing the whole leaf to dry up. Stem and petiole infection can also produce brown lesions, and gray mold grows when humidity is high. The fruit is infected, and the local area around the pedicle of the young fruit first produces water-soaked brown lesions, which are dark brown after enlargement, depressed and rotten, and the surface produces irregular wheel-shaped gray mold, which loses its edible value.

Control methods of botinium gray mold & 41; Choose disease-resistant varieties. Such as Cheng Ke No. 1. Ecological prevention and control are adopted in the protected area, and timely ventilation and humidity reduction are used to keep the shed away from the disease conditions, and the specific practice refers to tomato gray mold.

##41;5 chlorothalonil dust agent or 6 5 methylthio-mycocarb dust agent can be applied to the protected area, 1kg per 667 square meters. &##41;At the beginning of the disease, spray 1500 2000 times of 50 Pythium wettable powder or 1000 times of 65 methylthio-mildecarb wettable powder, 600 times of 30 chlorodicarb wettable powder, 800 1000 times of 30 iprodione-cyclohexanezinc emulsifiable concentrate, and 900 times of 20 sodium dichloroisocyanurate soluble powder. &##41;When the eggplant blooms, when the flower buds are cracked to open, use 66 methyl thiocarb wettable powder, 1g per bag, mix 1kg of tap water and spray or soak the flowers, if only the flower stalk is coated, the effect is not good.

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Prevention and control methods: Raising temperature and reducing humidity are the key to disease prevention. That is, the early spring cultivation in the shed adopts high furrow mulch, small watering, and more cultivation to loosen the soil to increase the ground temperature.

Control watering during the flowering period of eggplant and eggplant, increase ventilation, and reduce condensation. After fertilization, remove the petals of eggplant and eggplant as soon as possible to prevent pathogens from infecting the flowers. Spray 50% iprodione wettable powder 1500 times, 50% Nonlilin wettable powder 1000 times, 50% Suclin 500 times and 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times at the flowering stage.

It can also be smoked with 10% sclerotinia sclerotinia (Suclin) smoke before and after flowering, 400 grams per mu. When the flowering of eggplant is carried out, 50% Nongli wettable powder, or 50% iprodione, or 50% carbendazim are added to the prepared 2,4-d or anti-drop diluent dilution, and the flowers are dipped in flowers, which has good anti-flowering and disease prevention effects.

<>The planting area of eggplant in my country is very large, but there will be symptoms of downy mildew during the planting process, what is the cause of eggplant gray mold? What are the symptoms? How to prevent and control eggplant gray mold? Let's take a look!

When the disease is contracted at the seedling stage, the cotyledons are damaged and die first, and then the pathogen spreads to the young stems, causing the stems to shrink and become thinner. When the true leaf is infected, irregular dark whorled patches will appear, and gray mold will grow in the middle and late stages of the disease, and gradually rot.

When an adult tree is infected, water-stained patches appear on the leaves, which become darker in color and also form ring-striated spots.

In the closed and high humidity environment, the phenomenon of gray mold will also appear, and similar lesions will also appear when the fruit is infected, and the diseased part will gradually rot and dent.

The germ of gray mold prefers to live in an environment with low temperature and high humidity. Prolonged high humidity in the air is the main cause of the onset and spread of gray mold.

At the same time, if the light does not meet the requirements during the growth process, and the temperature is lower than 20 degrees, and the humidity is high for a long time, it is easy to lead to the onset of gray mold.

In early spring, if there are continuous rainy days and no timely ventilation causes low temperature and high humidity, gray mold is very easy to spread, resulting in serious gray mold disease.

The fungus of gray mold will be left in the form of mycelium in the diseased residue or soil for overwintering, and become the first source of invasion the following year. The bacterium produces conidia, which can be transmitted by various media such as agricultural operations, wind, rain, etc.

Eggplant plants generally infect the petals after flowering, and then damage the fruit.

If the diseased residue is not cleaned up in time in the greenhouse, it is very easy to cause the spores to spread and form a situation of re-infection.

Strengthen the temperature and humidity control in the greenhouse, appropriately increase the temperature in the morning to dew the dew, and then reasonably extend the ventilation time in the afternoon to reduce the humidity. At night, the temperature should be raised appropriately to reduce foliar dew.

When it is found that there are diseased leaves, it must be cleared out of the greenhouse in time and buried and burned.

Drug prevention and control can be carried out with agents such as Sukelin and Wuyimycin aqueous agent.

Symptoms: The young fruit is more seriously infected, and the stigma and petals are mostly infected first, and then metastasize to the fruit. The fruit mostly expands from the stalk to the fruit surface.

The skin of the disease-causing fruit is grayish-white, soft rot, and a large number of gray-green mold layers grow out of the disease, and the fruit falls off when it is severe, and it becomes rigid after losing water. Leaf infection, mostly from the tip of the leaf, the lesion is in the shape of "V" to expand inward, the initial water-stained, light brown, there is not obvious shade of intertwined wheel pattern, when wet, the surface of the lesion can produce gray mold, leaf death. The stem is infected with disease, produces water-stained dots, and then rapidly expands into an oval shape, and when wet, the surface is gray-brown mold layer, and in severe cases, it can cause the death of plants above the diseased part.

Prevention and control methods: Protected cultivation is mainly to control the temperature and humidity of the shed. Generally, the wind is released late in the morning, more than 30 start to release the wind, when it drops to 25, continue to release the wind at noon, maintain the temperature at 20 25 in the afternoon, and stop the air at 20 o'clock, so that the night temperature is kept between 15 and 17, and the vent is opened for ventilation on cloudy days.

Apply plantar fertilizer when planting, avoid watering in rainy days, discharge wind and dampness after watering, control watering after the onset of disease, remove diseased fruits and leaves in time and concentrate on treatment, and remove diseased residues after pulling seedlings. Pharmaceutical prevention and control. Focus on the three key periods of drug use before transplanting, flowering and fruit expansion.

The spray can be sprayed with 20 30 grams of polycarb each time plus 15 kg of water, or sprayed with a Fengshou type 5 or 10 type duster, sprayed once every 7 10 days, and must be applied 2 3 times in a row.

The prevention and control of tomato gray mold focuses on the following aspects:

First, soil disinfection and cultivation of healthy seedlings.

Select a plot with higher terrain and easy drainage for high furrow seedlings, and the humidity of the seedbed should not be too large. The old seedbed must be sterilized on the surface of the bed soil with a chemical agent, which can be sprayed on the surface of 65% methyl frost wettable powder 400 times, 50% Fu Yiyi bacterial wettable powder 800 times, or 50% multi-mold carb wettable powder 500 times. During the seedling raising period and before tomato planting, spray 5% chlorothalonil dust 221 kg per 667 meters to ensure that disease-free seedlings enter the shed.

Second, the shed is disinfected.

After harvest and before planting, the shed is thoroughly removed from the diseased residue and disinfected. Before planting in the production shed, 21 kg of methamethyl dust, or 600 times of 50% multi-mold wettable powder, and 800 times of 50% Fu Yiyi wettable powder were used every 667 m2 to sterilize the surface of the shed film, floor, frame and wall.

Third, physical prevention and control.

7 to 15 days after the agent is dipped in flowers or applied, in the morning or noon, when the temperature is high and the air humidity is relatively low, remove the remaining open and failed petals on the young fruits, and take them out of the protected area for destruction. After the onset of the disease, the diseased fruits, diseased leaves and side branches should be removed in time, burned or buried deeply, and sprayed for protection.

Fourth, agricultural prevention and control.

Strengthen ventilation, adjust temperature and humidity, and avoid condensation. In the afternoon, the shed temperature is kept at 25 20, and the shed temperature drops to 20 Close the vents to slow down the night shed temperature drop, and keep the night shed temperature at 15 17; On cloudy days, it is necessary to pay attention to heat preservation, but also to open the ventilation door appropriately for ventilation. Watering should be done in the morning and avoid watering on cloudy days.

Fifth, pharmaceutical prevention and control.

Add 50% poly mycocarb wettable powder, or 50% Fu Yiyi fungus wettable powder, or 65% methyl thio-mycocarb wettable powder to the prepared dipping anther solution and dip it or spray it. During the flowering and fruit expansion periods, 21 kg of 65% methylthio-mocarb wettable powder was sprayed every 667 m2, 7 10 days 1 time, a total of 3 4 times. Some biological pesticides can also be used, such as Trichoderma wettable powder 600 800 times, 2% Wuyi aqueous solution 150 times, etc.

Pharmaceutical control of tomato gray mold:

For the first time, spray tomato seedlings with 1500 times of 50% Sukrin wettable powder or 500 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder before planting, and require disease-free seedlings to enter the shed; The second time I brought medicine when I dipped the flowers. The method is that when the first ear fruit blooms, 50% Sukrin wet powder or 50% promethine wettable powder and 50% carbendazim wettable powder are added to the prepared or anti-falling dilution, and the flowers are dipped or smeared to make the flowers medicated; In addition, it can also be used alone"Pagolin"WP powder, each gram of hot water is fully stirred and cooled and then dipped, with a dosage of 13 grams per mu. The third time to grasp the water in the water 1 day before the use of medicine, after the weather conditions to determine, normal years, can be stopped, in case of rainy weather, low temperature, can be prevented 1-2 times, interval 7-10 days.

At the beginning of tomato gray mold in the shed, apply Tektopoly tobacco, with a dosage of 50 grams per 100 cubic meters (1 tablet); Or 10% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 grams per mu smoked for 1 night, once every 7-8 days, or sprayed in the evening 5% chlorothalonil dust agent or 10% chlorothalonil dust agent, 1 kg per mu, once every 9 days, depending on the condition, pay attention to alternate use with other fungicides. At the beginning of the disease, spray 2000-2200 times of 50% Suclin (Pythium) wettable powder, 3000 4000 times of 45% Tectoxin (thiophanate) suspension, 1500 times of 50% promethane (iprodione) wettable powder, 60% antimycophate (carbendazim hydrochloride) ultrafine powder 600 times, 40% polysulfur suspension 600 times, 50% mixed sulfur suspension or 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension 500 times, 2% Wuyi mycin (BO 10) 150 times of aqueous solution, once every 7-10 days, a total of 3-4 times. The above is only a variety of pesticide prevention and control methods introduced, and the specific medication should be determined according to the actual situation of tomato growth.

Because the gray mold fungus is easy to develop resistance, the amount of medicine and the number of applications should be minimized, and when the drug must be used, it is necessary to pay attention to rotation or alternation and mixed application. For example, spray 2000 times of 50% prohydin wettable powder plus 1000 times of 50% methyl tobuzin wettable powder, or 1000-1500 times of 65% antifungal carb wettable powder. It is conducive to improving the control effect, reducing the cost and delaying the drug resistance.