Innovation 2 0 Europe and the United States, innovation 2 0 scientific and technological innovation

Top 10 Hotspots in Innovation Research summarizes the top 10 trends in innovation research and development. The development of a new generation of information technology has given birth to innovation, which in turn has played a role in the formation and development of a new generation of information technology, reshaping the new forms of new information technology such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, social computing, and big data. The development of a new generation of information technology has promoted the development and evolution of innovation models, such as Living Lab (living laboratory, experience experiment area), Fab Lab (personal manufacturing laboratory, maker), AIP ("three tests" application innovation park), wiki (wiki model), Prosumer (prosumer), crowdsourcing (crowdsourcing) and other typical innovation models are emerging.

In line with the trend of user innovation, open innovation, collaborative innovation and mass innovation in the era of innovation, and grasping the opportunity of the rise of the global maker wave, according to the in-depth development of the Internet and its applications, and the characteristics and needs of innovation and entrepreneurship in the environment of knowledge and social innovation, the maker space is emerging.

In 2008, at the 2nd China Mobile Government Symposium on Knowledge Society and Innovation held at Peking University, Beijing's "Three Tests" AIP Application Innovation Park, as the earliest exploration of urban open maker space in China, received great attention from experts from all walks of life, and was called three typical innovation models for the knowledge society together with the international Fab Lab and Living Lab mass innovation models.

Maker and the Development of Maker Space at Home and Abroad in the Era of Innovation" summarizes the development of maker space at home and abroad. After years of development, the development of maker space has been pushed to a more mature stage at home and abroad. More than 10 years ago, various similar forms of innovation models such as Fab Lab, Living Lab, Hackspace, TechShop, and MakerSpace have gradually taken shape, which have had a profound impact on scientific and technological innovation.

The open theory of complex giant systems emphasizes the role of knowledge, technology and informatization, the role of people, especially the role of knowledge integration and knowledge management, and will also provide important guidance for the construction of scientific and technological innovation system in the context of knowledge society. The construction of the scientific and technological innovation system in the knowledge society environment needs to be guided by Qian Xuesen's open theory of complex giant systems, starting from the collaborative interaction of scientific research, technological progress and application innovation, and further analyzing and fully considering the management innovation and institutional innovation led by modern science and technology. Scientific and technological innovation is a complex emergence under the collaborative evolution of scientific research, technological progress and applied innovation, and it is the product of the co-evolution of this triple helix structure.

The scientific and technological innovation system is composed of three major systems of knowledge innovation led by scientific research, technological innovation with standardization as the axis and management innovation led by modern science and technology with informatization as the carrier, and the three systems penetrate each other in the new environment of knowledge society, support each other and drive each other, promoting the new form of scientific research, technology research and development, management and system innovation, that is, science and technology and management for the knowledge society, and the interaction of the three has jointly shaped the innovation form for the knowledge society.

The management of science and technology in the context of the knowledge society has jointly shaped the innovation oriented to the knowledge society, and redefined the role of users, the value of application, the connotation of collaboration and the power of the public in innovation. User experience, because it integrates the genes of humanity and technology, carries the transformation from the production paradigm to the service paradigm, and becomes the soul of innovation. Innovation emphasizes public participation and advocates the use of various technological means to share and diffuse knowledge and innovation.

If innovation is production-oriented and technology-oriented, innovation is people-oriented, service-oriented, application and value realization as the core of innovation. From this perspective, the Web is actually a typical case of innovative models in the Internet field. Typical examples of innovation include open source**, free software, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Fab Lab.

The model of openness, participation and collaboration is also the innovative practice of innovation in the field of management.