What is the nomenclature of chemical organic matter systems? How to name it?

Take alkanes, for example:

1. Select the main chain and call a certain alkane (pay attention to the principle of the longest and the principle of the most branches).

c, such as c-c-c-c-c-c, the longest chain with the most c, there are 5 c's, so this is selected as the main chain.

I won't draw h) c

c like c-c-c-c has the most c, that is, the main chain, which do you think? It should be the L-shaped one, and if you choose the right one, it proves that you have understood"The longest principle"Finish. c

cc-c-c

C has the most branches, such as c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c

Starting from the far left, up and like the right are the longest chains, right? However, there are 2 branches upwards and 1 branch chain to the right, so you should choose the one with more branches, that is, the upward one.

2. Select the starting point (the nearest principle: the closest to the branch chain), the number of numbers (the smallest principle: the smallest sum of the branch chain), and the fixed branch chain (the simplest principle: the simplest branch chain).

3. Writing rules: before the name of the branch, after the main name of the branch name is the same, to merge the name of the branch is different, and the name of the branch is simplified first.

If it is a derivative, the main chain should start from the substituent, and there are some other substances whose naming methods are not easy to explain, and if you do the question, you will give a hint.

This is a bit complicated, so find an organic textbook and check it yourself.

Summary. Kiss Honored to answer for you Organic Chemistry System Naming Organics is a systematic method of naming organic compounds, based on the IUPAC nomenclature convention, the principle is as follows: find the longest continuous carbon chain in a compound and use it as the backbone.

Any side chains or substituents are identified on the backbone and named according to the special functional groups present in the compound (e.g., hydroxyl groups, ketone groups, amine groups, etc.). The carbon atoms on the backbone are numbered and the substituents or functional groups are marked. The names identified in the above steps are grouped together and spelled and joined according to certain rules to obtain a systematic naming of organic compounds.

Teacher, can you tell me the answer directly?

Kiss Honored to answer for you Organic Chemistry System Naming Organics is a systematic method of naming organic compounds, based on the IUPAC nomenclature convention, the principle is as follows: find the longest continuous carbon chain in a compound and use it as the backbone. Any side chains or substituents are identified on the backbone and named according to the special functional groups present in the compound (e.g., hydroxyl groups, ketone groups, amine groups, etc.).

The carbon atoms on the backbone are numbered and the substituents or functional groups are marked. The lead deficiency search solution combines the names determined in the above steps and spells and joins them according to certain rules to obtain the systematic naming of organic compounds.

The teacher won't, can you teach me.

14 is 1-ethoxy-2-methylpropane.

What about the others, there is also a teacher: ch3ch(ch3)c(ch3)brchclch3 how to name.

The nomenclature is: 2-methyl-3-bromobutane.

- Naphthalene acetaldehyde, 5-hydroxy-3-bromobenzaldehyde, 4-methylcyclohexanone, a,a-cyclohexadienone (not necessarily right), 4-isopropylacetophenone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 2-cyclopentylacetaldehyde, methollyl methyl ketone, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde.

Systematic nomenclature of organic matter.

1. The systematic nomenclature of alkanes determines the main chain: it is long or short. Choose the longest carbon chain in the molecule as the backbone (the name of the alkane is determined by the number of carbon atoms in the backbone) Find the branch:

It's not far away. Numbered from the end closest to the substituent. Naming:

More is not less. If there are two carbon chains of equal length, the main chain containing substituents is the main chain. It's simple, it's not complicated.

If different substituents appear at the same time at equal distances from both ends, the simple substituents are numbered first (if they are the same substituents, the number from which end can make the sum of the subsituents position numbers the smallest, start from whichever end). Write the name of the substituent first, and then write the name of the alkane; The order of substituents ranges from simple to complex; The number of identical substituents is indicated by Chinese character numbers; The position of the substituents is indicated by the Arabic numeral number of the carbon atom of the main chain, which is written before the Chinese character indicating the purpose of the substitution base, and the position numbers are separated by ",", and the Arabic numerals are connected with the Chinese characters by "—". Alkane nomenclature writing format:

Simple substituents 2, nomenclature of compounds containing functional groups Parent body: The parent body is determined according to the functional groups in the compound molecule. Such as:

grinding compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds, with alkene as the parent body, and the final name of the compound is "a certain alkene"; The compounds containing alcoholic hydroxyl group, aldehyde group and carboxyl group are based on alcohol, aldehyde and acid, respectively. Homologues of benzene are named after benzene as the parent body. Definite main chain: The longest carbon chain containing as many functional groups as possible is the main chain.

Naming: Functional group numbering is minimized. Other rules are similar to those for alkanes.

The naming formula of the organic system] The longest carbon chain is the main chain, and the main chain must contain functional groups; The proximal end of the branch chain is the starting point, and the Arabic number is numbered in order; The two carbon chains are the same length, and the main chain with many branches; The main chain is named separately, and the branch chain is set to be written in front of you; The same branch chain should be merged, and different branch chains should be simplified first; The branches at both ends are equally far apart: the number of braids should be selected if the number is small. 【Organic System Naming Program】1 Naming Steps:

1) Select the parent --- take the longest carbon chain as the main chain; (2) Serial number--- close to the end of the branch chain (small, many); (3) Write the name--- first simple and then complex, and please merge the same base. 2.Name Composition:

Substituent location--- substituent name--- parent name3Numerical meaning: Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3, etc. --- replace the base position of Chinese character numbers.

The number of the same subsituator --- first, second, third, etc【Principles to be observed in the systematic naming of organic matter】1, longest principle 2, nearest principle 3, minimum principle 4, minimum principle.

The name of which organic matter is used in the buried section is the systematic nomenclature.

As follows, He Qiao: Hello, I'm glad to answer for you, plexiglass uses a system nomenclature, I hope mine is helpful to you.

There is a high school chemistry organic elective.

Just check it out.

Alkanes: 1. Find the main chain, find the longest main chain. Correspondence 1234567

8910 is A, B, C, D, pente, hexagen, xin, non gui. 2. Name the side chain, for example, pentane with methyl on the second carbon is, 2-methyl.

Pentane 3, note that pentane only has dimethyl and trimethyl. That is, with the third carbon as the center, the left and right are symmetrical. There will be no branched chains after trimethyl.

However, branching also has corresponding requirements. It cannot exceed the shortest side of the carbon or so it is. Olefins:

1. To find the main chain, the main thing to look at is the double bond, and the branch chain is named after the position closest to the double bond. ch3ch=chch2chch3

CH3 is named 5-methyl2 hexene. The position of the double bond is seen in the first few empty positions. It's just a few. Alkynes: (same as alkenes).

The three steps of systematic nomenclature, let's take a good look at the detailed description in the textbook.

What you are talking about by the name of this substance.

3,5-Dimethyl-3-ethylheptane.

The main chain has 7 C's, and the parent body is called.

Heptane, should be numbered from the left, because there is a finger methyl group on the third C on the left and right, and there is an ethyl group on the third C on the left, it should be numbered from the left, and when equidistant, look at the branched chains).