What is the clinical significance of T cell subset testing?

New subclass T cell discoveries may be able to contribute to allergic diseases.

A study published in Science Immunology by the La Jolla Institute of Immunology suggests that a new subset of immune cells may be the main cause of allergies. It didn't go unnoticed before.

They used dust mites as allergens for their research, using data analysis of immune responses and allergens in immunoepitope databases. Comparing single-cell RNA sequences from allergic and healthy individuals, it was found that people with dust mite allergy and asthma had high levels of helper T cell (TH) subsets called interleukin (IL)-9 Th2-expressing dust mite reactive cells in their blood. IL9-Th2 cells kill other cells and cause inflammation in certain parts of the body.

At the same time, non-allergic participants emerged with another subset of T cells that support a gene that encodes a protein called TRAIL. The protein can help prevent harmful helper T cell activation, the researchers say.

If you find the crux of the problem, you may be able to target. Instead of the current local hormones suppress allergic reactions.

The main thing is to kill some bacteria, some bacteria that have invaded the body.

What is the clinical significance of the T cell subset test, this is okay, the doctor will tell you some problems with the test, or you can look up this information on the Internet.

T lymphocytes (CD3) are divided into TH (CD4) helper T lymphocytes and TS (CD8) inhibitory killer T lymphocytes.

1. Screening of high-risk groups can be used as an early diagnostic indicator of tumors: most cancer patients are in a state of immunosuppression, which is characterized by a significant decrease in CD3+ cells and CD4+ cells in the patient's body, while the increase of CD8+ cells and a significant decrease in the ratio of CD4+ CD8+;

2. Provide a strong basis for the individualization of cancer patients: monitor immune function during chemoradiotherapy, adjust the regimen and dose according to the patient's immune status or use immune enhancers to reduce the impact of immunosuppression on the survival of patients; Monitoring the immune status of patients before and after surgery is essential to guide the fight against infection**.

3. Evaluate the patient's first response, monitor the disease process and judge the prognosis, and the prognosis is often better for those with normal lymphocyte immunophenotype or normal after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

4. It has an important auxiliary diagnostic role in immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases and post-transplantation immune monitoring.

Personally, I don't think there is much clinical significance, but the significance of the record is relatively large, such as how much the killer cells and helper cells have changed before and after, and how much the role of the ** has been. Of course, this is a personal feeling.

There are three subsets of T cells: one is helper T cells, which assist T cells and B cells in recognizing antigens; the second is inhibitory T cells, which can inhibit the immune response and regulate the strength of the immune response; The third is killer T cells, which are effector cells that are directly involved in the cellular immune response. T cells are commonly referred to as killer T cells.

Killer T cells can directly kill target cells with antigens, such as virus-infected cells, mutated self-cells, allogeneic cells, etc., that is, it can kill intracellular viruses, resist tumors and reject allogeneic transfers, so as to maintain the body's own stability.

Abnormal results: lymphopenia: seen in patients with malignancy, hereditary immunodeficiency disorders, AIDS, immunosuppressive therapy.

Lymphocytosis: seen in autoimmune diseases such as SLE, chronic active hepatitis, tumors, and viral infections. Ratio anomaly:

The proportion of AIDS patients decreased significantly, mostly in the following. The ratio also decreased: SLE nephropathy, infectious mononucleosis, acute cytomegalovirus infection, and convalescence from bone marrow transplantation.

The increased ratio is seen in rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes, etc. It can also be used to monitor organ transplant rejection, which may occur if CD4 and CD8 are significantly increased after transplantation compared with before transplantation. People who need to be checked:

It can be tested in patients with related diseases and in immunocompromised patients.