How to make helium and nitrogen, how to make helium

The method of helium production.

Adsorption method. The principle of this helium production method is to extract and separate helium according to the difference in the adsorption capacity of each component in the natural gas on the surface of the solid adsorbent. This helium production method is suitable for crude helium refining with impurity content of less than 10%, and the pressure swing adsorption developed over the years is improved by this helium production method.

Absorption. The principle of this helium production method is to select appropriate absorption solvents (generally fluorocarbons, liquid alkanes), and under certain conditions, the impurities with a higher boiling point than helium are washed, absorbed, and removed, so as to obtain helium.

Condensation. Natural gas helium extraction adopts condensation method in industry, which includes the pretreatment and purification of natural gas, crude helium production and helium refining and other processes to obtain pure helium.

Diffusion method. The helium components in natural gas are concentrated and extracted by using the good thermal conductivity of helium, and the general operating temperature of this helium production method is 400-500 degrees Celsius.

Method of preparing nitrogen:

Heat the solution of nitrite amine.

Sodium nitrite interacts with a saturated solution of amine chloride:

nh4cl + nano2 === nacl + 2 h2o + n2↑

Pass ammonia through red-hot copper oxide:

2 nh3+ 3 cuo === 3 cu + 3 h2o + n2↑

Ammonia reacts with bromine water:

8 nh3 + 3 br2 (aq) === 6 nh4br + n2↑

Ammonium dichromate pyrolysis.

Air separation. The air is compressed into a liquid first, and according to their boiling points, they can be separated one by one.

How to make a lot of nitrogen. There are only two ways in which we usually make items chemically and physically:1Laboratory Method, 2Industrial Manufacturing Act. The laboratory is only a small amount, so in order to make a large amount of nitrogen, we choose the industrial system.

Helium is separated from natural gas, and only a few countries in the world, such as the United States, Algeria, Russia, and Saudi Arabia, contain helium, not in China, and Guangzhou Shiyuan Gas is also imported from the United States.

Nitrogen is separated from air, and there are cryogenic separation, membrane separation, and pressure swing adsorption separation. The high-purity nitrogen of Guangzhou Shiyuan Gas is separated by air at low temperatures.

Helium: 1Condensation method: natural gas helium extraction adopts condensation method in industry, and the process includes natural gas pretreatment and purification, crude helium production and helium refining, etc., to obtain pure helium.

2.Air separation method: Generally, the condensation method is used to extract crude helium and neon mixture from the air device, and pure helium is made from crude helium and neon mixture, and pure helium is prepared by separation and purification of neon mixture.

3.Hydrogen liquefaction method: Hydrogen liquefaction method is used in industry to extract helium from synthetic ammonia tail gas. The process is pure helium prepared by low-temperature adsorption to remove nitrogen, distillation to obtain crude helium oxygenation catalytic hydrogen removal and helium purification.

4.High-purity helium method: The pure helium is further adsorbed and purified with activated carbon to obtain high-purity helium.

Nitrogen: on-site nitrogen production Industrial nitrogen production.

On-site nitrogen production refers to nitrogen production by nitrogen users purchasing nitrogen production equipment.

At present, there are three types of industrial-scale nitrogen production at home and abroad: cryogenic air separation nitrogen production, pressure swing adsorption nitrogen production and membrane separation nitrogen production.

This is what I found on the encyclopedia, if you don't understand it, you can check it yourself.

There are four helium manufacturing methods: 1. Natural gas separation method: industrially, natural gas containing helium is mainly used as raw material, liquefied fractionation is carried out repeatedly, and then activated carbon is used for adsorption and purification to obtain pure helium.

2. Ammonia synthesis method: In synthetic ammonia, helium can be obtained by separation and purification from the tail gas.

Helium is a chemical element with the chemical symbol HE and its atomic number 2, which is a colorless noble gas that emits a dark yellow light when discharged. At room temperature, it is an extremely light colorless, odorless, and odorless monoatomic gas.

1. Condensation method:

Natural gas helium extraction adopts condensation method in industry, which includes the pretreatment and purification of natural gas, crude helium production and helium refining and other processes to obtain pure helium.

Natural Gas – Purification – Crude Helium – Refining – Helium.

2. Air separation method:

Generally, the coagulation method is used to extract crude helium and neon mixture from the air device, and pure helium and neon mixture are made from crude helium and neon mixture, and pure helium is prepared by separation and purification.

Air – Air separation – crude helium, helium – pure helium, neon.

Separation – Purification – Pure helium.

3. Hydrogen liquefaction method:

Industrially, the hydrogen liquefaction method is used to extract helium from the synthetic ammonia tail gas. The process is low-temperature adsorption to remove nitrogen and rectification.

Crude helium is obtained, oxygenation catalyzes hydrogen removal and helium purification, and pure helium is obtained.

Feed gas – nitrogen removal – distillation – hydrogen removal – purification – helium.

4. High-purity helium method:

The pure helium is further adsorbed and purified with activated carbon to obtain high-purity helium.

Main uses: 1. Helium can be used as a pressure delivery agent and booster for rocket liquid fuel, and is widely used in missiles, spacecraft and supersonic aircraft.

Above. 2. Helium is used as a shielding gas in smelting and welding, which is very important in shipbuilding and the manufacture of aircraft, spacecraft, rockets and **.

3. Helium has excellent permeability and is used in nuclear reactors.

Leak detection of some pipelines and electronic and electrical installations of rockets and nuclear reactors.

4. Helium is an ideal gas.

It is an ideal gas for vapor pressure thermometers at very low temperatures.

5. The mass density and weight density of helium are low, and it is not flammable, which can be used to fill light bulbs and neon tubes, and is also an ideal balloon and airship. Use gas.

The methods of home-made helium include natural gas separation, ammonia synthesis, air method, uranium ore method, etc.

1. Natural gas separation method: In industry, natural gas containing helium is mainly used as raw material, liquefaction and source fractionation are carried out repeatedly, and then activated carbon is used for adsorption and purification to obtain pure helium.

2. Ammonia synthesis method: In synthetic ammonia, helium can be obtained by separation and purification from the tail gas.

3. Air method: from the liquid air by fractional distillation from the neon and helium mixture.

4. Uranium ore method: the uranium ore containing helium is roasted to separate the gas, and then the chemical method is used to remove impurities such as water vapor, hydrogen and carbon dioxide to purify helium. Helium is the most difficult of all gases to liquefy and is the only substance that cannot be solidified at standard atmospheric pressure.

The chemical properties of helium are very inactive, and it is difficult to react with other substances in a normal state.

Uses of helium

1. Nuclear magnetic resonance: The nuclear magnetic resonance scanner is a commonly used imaging tool for doctors, and helium can help the superconductor inside it to keep it in a state of ultra-low temperature, so that it can generate an extremely strong magnetic field to achieve the effect of checking the body.

2. Bar scanner: The code scanner used by cashiers in supermarkets is actually called HeNe laser. Most of the gas mixture is helium cong gas, so that the helium atoms can be excited and further collide with the neon atoms to achieve the effect of scanning the code.

And the use of helium also makes the energy consumption lower and the effect better.

3. Welding shielding gas: Helium, like argon, can be used as a shielding gas for welding high thermal conductivity materials such as aluminum, stainless steel, copper and magnesium alloy at arc temperature because of its inert characteristics.

4. Semiconductor core cracked tab: Helium can realize the rapid cooling of parts in semiconductor chips, thereby improving productivity. The rate of heat transfer can also be controlled to improve productivity and reduce defects.