What do you think about the five items in the blood routine? What are the routine blood tests?

Teach everyone how to read the test sheet, now let's take a look at what the blood routine is? The blood routine mainly looks at three indicators, which are hemoglobin, white blood cells and platelets. Let's talk about the clinical significance of these three indicators separately:

1) Hemoglobin.

110～150g/l。If the value is less than 120 for men and 110 for women, it means that there is anemia, more than 90 is mild anemia, between 60-90 is moderate anemia, between 30-60 is severe anemia, and less than 30 is very severe anemia.

Anemia can be roughly divided into three categories, the first is abnormal bone marrow hematopoietic function, such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome; The second is excessive blood loss, such as hemolysis, open injury, menstrual blood loss, hemorrhoids or intestinal cancer, blood in the stool, etc.; The third category is the lack of hematopoietic raw materials, such as iron deficiency anemia, anemia caused by folic acid deficiency. If anemia is diagnosed, go to the hematology department to do a series of examinations to clarify the anemia, and then choose the appropriate plan according to the disease.

2) White blood cells.

Leukocytes are a large group of cells, including granulocytes, granulocytes, monocytes-macrophages, granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. The function of white blood cells is to resist the invasion of foreign substances, destroy bacteria, parasites and other infectious microorganisms, destroy senescent cells in the body, and remove necrotic tissues. The normal value of leukocytes is ( 109 l, if the number of leukocytes is elevated, especially the number of neutrophil cells increases, it is common in bacterial infections, physical stress reactions, trauma, etc.

If the number of white blood cells decreases, it is common in viral infections, chemoradiotherapy, and abnormal hematopoietic function of the bone marrow. Eosinophils are increased, common in allergic reactions, parasitic infections.

3) Platelets.

Platelets are involved in the body's hemostasis and coagulation process, the normal value of platelet count is 100 300 10 9 l, if the number of platelets decreases, the patient's clotting time is prolonged, brushing, trauma and other conditions are easy to cause bleeding, and it is not easy to stop bleeding. Thrombocytopenia can be seen in aplastic anemia, leukemia, after chemoradiotherapy, primary thrombocytopenic purpura, cirrhosis, hypersplenism, etc.

Thrombocytosis is commonly seen in myeloproliferative disorders such as chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, post-splenectomy, etc. Mild thrombocytosis does not show obvious symptoms, and if there is a significant increase in platelets, it can lead to blood clots and even bleeding, which needs to be done as soon as possible**.

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are the three main components of blood, through the blood routine can reflect some diseases and physiological conditions of the body, I just briefly introduced the meaning of the blood routine, suitable for the general public, for doctors, need to master more content.

There is a reference range after each item, as long as it is normal within the reference range, sometimes some items are slightly higher or lower are normal, to see if there is anemia, look at the red blood cell count and hemoglobin, if it is lower than the normal value, it is anemia, your test results are still within the normal range, so as far as the results of this test are concerned, there is no evidence of anemia.

If you look at anemia, you mainly look at the level of hemoglobin value, and there is a reference interval on the right side of the test sheet, which can be combined. The first one is not anamic, and the second has a normal amount of hemoglobin, but the average hemoglobin content is somewhat low and not very severe.

A routine blood test is the most basic blood test. He has a lot of projects, mainly there are three major systems, one is the red blood cell system, which can understand whether there is anemia. The second is the white blood cell system, which helps us understand if there is an infection, and whether it is a bacterial infection or a viral infection.

The third major system is platelets, which can mainly tell us about platelets, whether the bleeding is caused by platelets, or bleeding caused by other conditions. Then these three types of inspection items can also be subdivided. Red blood cell system:

It mainly includes the following examination items: 1. Red blood cell count; 2. Hematocrit of red blood cells; 3. Mean corpuscular volume; 4. Width of red blood cell distribution; 5. Hemoglobin concentration; 6. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin content; 7. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; Leukocyte system: It mainly includes the following items: 1. Leukocyte count; 2. Monocyte count and monocyte ratio; 3. Neutrophil count, neutrophil ratio. 4. Lymphocyte count and lymphocyte ratio.

There are also eosinophil counts and eosinophil ratios; Basophil count and basophil ratio. Examination of platelet system: It mainly includes platelet count, platelet volume, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, large platelet ratio, and platelet hematocrit.

Routine blood count, also known as blood cell analysis, is a basic examination of blood cells in the blood, including white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets, after blood collection. The blood routine contains 24 items, including 11 white blood cells, including the total number of white blood cells, neutrophil count, eosinophil count, basophil count, lymphocyte number and monocyte number, as well as the percentage of the above 5 types of white blood cells in the total number of white blood cells. There are 8 items in the red blood cell section, including red blood cell count, hemoglobin amount, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin amount, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, standard deviation of erythrocyte distribution width, and coefficient of variation of erythrocyte distribution width.

There are 5 items in the platelet section, including platelet count, platelet hematocrit, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, and large platelet ratio.

Clause.

1. Check the number of red blood cells and the number of hemoglobin, red blood cells include the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, the hematocrit and the volume of red blood cells, as well as the concentration of hemoglobin per unit volume and the width of red blood cell distribution. Second, check the number of white blood cells, which are divided into five categories, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Third, check for platelets.

Examination of white blood cells can give a rough indication of whether there is an infection or other abnormality in the body, and if necessary, further examination and diagnosis. Red blood cell examination can determine whether there are symptoms of anemia, anemia people generally have low red blood cells, hemoglobin is also low, anemia, people will feel dizzy, fatigue and **mucous membrane pale, can be given to correct anemia**. If the platelets are low, some people will have symptoms such as bleeding that is not easy to stop, purpura, ecchymosis, etc., which need to be further examined in combination with clinical symptoms.

Check the number of each component in the blood and the corresponding proportion.

The blood routine generally includes 11 items, white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, reticulocyte count, lymphocyte count, hematocrit, neutrophil count, eosinophil count, basophil count, and monocyte count. Blood routine refers to the examination of blood status and disease by observing the changes in the number of blood cells and the distribution of morphology, and many specific indicators in the blood routine are some commonly used sensitive indicators, or commonly used indicators to observe the effect, medication or discontinuation, continuation or cessation, disease or recovery.