How to deal with common complications after cataract surgery?

Cataract surgery can have multiple complications, and each complication must be treated symptomatically, depending on the cause. For shallow anterior chambers caused by incision leakage, re-suturing of the incision is often advocated; If the severity is mild, the surgical eye can be bandaged with compression, and sometimes the shallow anterior chamber can be restored. If choroidal detachment is accompanied by incision leakage, the incision should be resuturated to form an anterior chamber; If choroidal detachment is extensive, posterior scleral incision and drainage can accelerate intraocular pressure recovery and choroidal detachment reduction; If the detachment is small and there is no obvious incision leakage, the anti-inflammatory can be strengthened, and the detachment can gradually disappear after a few days of compression bandaging.

In the early stages of pupillary block, strong mydriatic agents, topical corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation, or systemic hyperosmolar agents.

However, the most fundamental measure is to re-communicate the communication between the anterior and posterior chambers, which can be achieved by iriseotomy, and the YAG laser is more convenient for peripheral iridotomy. Because corneal endothelial damage is irreversible, once persistent corneal edema occurs, optical recovery of the cornea depends on partial penetrating keratoplasty; For patients who are inconvenient for corneal transplantation, symptoms may be relieved topically by hyperosmolar agents, soft contact lenses, or occlusion with a conjunctival flap after removing the epithelial cell layer from the affected area. During the operation, the device and intraocular lens should be avoided from contacting the corneal endothelium, and the corneal endothelium should be protected with viscoelastic agents, and the anterior chamber should be avoided for a long time. Dealing with the contact between the vitreous and other tissues and the corneal endothelium as soon as possible after surgery can greatly reduce the occurrence of persistent corneal edema after surgery.

A small amount of hyphema is usually absorbed spontaneously within a few days, and if the blood is full of anterior chamber and the intraocular pressure is high, the anterior chamber should be flushed immediately. Vitreous hemorrhage is absorbed in small amounts, and posterior vitrectomy should be performed in large quantities. Once diagnosed, the deep sclera near the incision in the lesion area should be immediately removed, and the hyperplastic epithelial tissue behind the cornea in the affected area should be frozen, the affected iris should be removed, the involved ciliary body should be frozen or removed, and the anterior segment vitrectomy should also be performed to ensure that the vitreous does not adhere to the cornea.

Postoperative uveitis is generally controlled with drugs such as corticosteroids, prostaglandin inhibitors and mydriatic agents, but it is necessary to find ** at the same time. Once endophthalmitis is suspected after cataract surgery, aqueous humor and vitreous humor should be aspirated immediately for bacterial or fungal culture and drug susceptibility testing. The involved vitreous is excised with a vitrectomy device and antibiotics are injected into the lumen vitreal, venous, and subconjunctiva.

Postoperative glaucoma should be treated locally and systemically with antihypertensive treatment at the same time.

There are many complications of cataracts, and the symptoms vary greatly depending on the type. One of the most common complications is glaucoma, which may even require surgery to recover, and if it is not detected early, it will lead to the patient's condition continuing to worsen, and even unnecessary trouble. It is recommended that you pay attention to the fact that if you feel that your eyesight has deteriorated, you should go to the hospital for examination and diagnosis in time.

Cataract is a common disease of the elderly, the elderly after the lens begins to appear cloudy and opaque, causing the so-called cataract, after the lens is cloudy and opaque, the lens slowly expands and causes the iris to move forward, resulting in the aqueous humor outflow channel of the eye slowly narrowing, so cataract may cause secondary glaucoma, glaucoma will cause vision, suddenly decreased, accompanied by headache, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. If the cataract progresses further, it may cause the lens to dissolve, and then crystal-soluble glaucoma or endophthalmitis. Cataract complications are mainly these, if there is cataract, it is necessary to go to the local hospital as soon as possible.

1) Intraoperative complications: Accidental damage to the lens during corneal scleral incision. Extracapsular extraction or puncture of the capsule results in rupture of the posterior capsule, and lens subluxation or total dislocation.

Vitreous prolapse. It is more common in intracapsular cavity removal. Intracapsular cryoenucleation of the iris was mistakenly adhered to during the operation, resulting in the dehiscence of the iris at the root.

Hyphema in the anterior chamber. Fulminant subchoroidal hemorrhage.

2) Postoperative complications: Corneal and scleral limbus wounds dehiscence, sometimes accompanied by iris prolapse. Hyphema in the anterior chamber:

It is common for 3 to 5 days after surgery. Iridocyclitis. Corneal endothelial edema.

Delayed anterior chamber formation: anterior chamber should form 24 hours postoperatively. Anterior chamber formation is divided into two types: high intraocular pressure and low intraocular pressure.

Low intraocular pressure is mostly related to wound leakage and choroidal detachment; Intraocular hypertension may be associated with fulminant subchoroidal hemorrhage or malignant glaucoma. Intraocular infection. Secondary glaucoma:

It is associated with sluggish anterior chamber formation, iridocyclitis, excessive lens cortical residue, and massive blood accumulation in the anterior chamber. Ascending pupil: more common in vitreous prolapse.

Epithelial cyst implantation in the anterior chamber. Lens protein hypersensitivity. (11) Postoperative astigmatism.

12) Posterior cataracts. (13) Macular cystoid edema.

Cataracts are a lot. The most common is age-related cataracts, which are metabolic changes and increased turbidity of the lens as a person ages. Trauma can also cause traumatic cataracts, diabetes and other metabolites of shed rolling.

The disease can also cause metabolic cataracts. Other eye diseases such as glaucoma and uveitis can also cause cataracts. There are also congenital cataracts, called congenital cataract chains, and the fetus itself has genes.

Maternal development is relevant. As we age, the lens protein slowly denatures, which leads to blurred vision, while vision is developed slowly. In addition, there are many factors such as eye diseases that can also be complicated by cataracts, such as glaucoma, uveitis, and even high myopia.

Cataracts with high myopia may occur earlier than normal. There are also systemic metabolic factors, such as kidney disease and diabetes. Diabetes is the most common.

If the patient has concurrent cataracts, first of all, we must conduct a comprehensive and systematic search and service examination, actively ** the primary eye disease, and then according to the patient's deficit situation can take symptomatic **. Most patients have concurrent white leak and their visual acuity deteriorates to the left and right, and at this time I personally recommend that we should consider surgery**.

Many people are afraid that cataract surgery will leave sequelae, so what will be the sequelae of cataract surgery, let's find out together.

1. Things are ambiguous

This phenomenon is a common sequelae of cataract surgery, generally in the case of stinging sequelae, patients look at things after the onset of the disease, and sometimes feel that the light around them is illusory. Aperture, as well as the color of the object is dull. If the patient is driving at night, the patient will often feel that the headlights on the opposite side are more dazzling and make the patient feel uncomfortable or irritable.

2. Uveitis caused by cataract surgery

The complication that is often caused by inattention after cataract surgery is uveitis, which can also cause serious damage to the patient's eyes and cause a series of uncomfortable symptoms, which need to be carried out as soon as possible**.

3. Post-cataract capsule opacity

It can cause vision loss. It is also one of the sequelae of cataract surgery.

4. Retinal detachment

5. Superficial anterior chamber caused by incision leakage after cataract surgery

Cataract surgery can also present a problem**. In order to avoid **, patients should pay attention to eating more vegetables and fruits in their daily life. Experts remind patients who are going to have cataract surgery to have a rigorous preoperative examination to determine if there are other diseases.

Posterior cataract is a common complication after cataract surgery and requires a laser**.

After cataract surgery, some eyes have worse vision than before the operation, cataract must be mature before you can go to surgery, immature can not move, otherwise not only will not be good, there will be worse consequences, my mother-in-law and my aunt are cataract surgery after the condition is worse, in short, be cautious to go to the operation.

There are definitely complications from cataracts, and if you imagine that the fruit on the tree is just beginning to form and slowly ripen until the fruit falls to the ground, the same is true for cataracts. Cataract is a transparent lens becomes cloudy, the degree of turbidity is getting heavier and heavier, and finally forms a white cataract, the white cataract will be ripe in the late stage, after the lens capsule will become brittle and ruptured, the cataract itself is wrapped in a complete capsule, there is no antigenicity, but once the capsule is ruptured, the lens cortex comes out from the lens into the eye, which will cause lens-lytic glaucoma, and a strong immune response occurs, that is, uveitis. At this time, cataract is very difficult to do, and after surgery, it may not be able to recover better vision, and to this extent, the elderly themselves already have many basic diseases in the body, such as hypertension and diabetes, and their own state is not good, plus the eyes are invisible, so the elderly must go to the cataract in time, do not wait until the cataract complications and then go to the hospital, the gains outweigh the losses.

Cataract surgery is the most common ophthalmic surgery, after the operation, the eye has different degrees of redness, pain, foreign body sensation, tearing, swelling and good and bad vision, which is a normal reaction after surgery, and can generally disappear 1 to 3 months after surgery (depending on the individual condition of the patient). According to experts from New Vision Eye Hospital, the vast majority of cases are uncomplicated, however, the patient's eye condition and general condition are different, and some of the following conditions may occur after surgery

An infection inside the eye (called endophthalmitis) or bleeding inside the eye. In particular, diabetic patients or other conditions that cause the body's resistance to decline are prone to this disease.

Cystoid macular edema, inflammation after cataract surgery, and movement of the vitreous humor and other causes sometimes contribute to retinal edema.

Retinal detachment.

Most patients have different degrees of redness, foreign body sensation, tearing and swelling, and 1-2 lines of visual acuity fluctuations in the postoperative eye, and the symptoms can disappear in 1-3 months after surgery (depending on the individual patient's individual condition).

There is indeed a certain rate of posterior cataract disorders, and the appearance of posterior disorders is actually very easy to solve, and you can do a yag laser in the outpatient clinic, between 200 and 300 yuan, and you don't need to be hospitalized.

There is no need to worry too much about the posterior appearance of cataracts, and they can be eliminated by the YAG laser at the hospital where they are operated.

Postoperative posterior cataract is mostly due to the turbidity of the residual capsule, and the YAG laser can be done in the outpatient clinic**, which is very simple.

The disease after cataract surgery is often manifested in the fact that after cataract surgery, due to the influence of the incision, the curvature of the cornea (black eyeball) will undergo some changes, and there will often be a certain degree of astigmatism after the operation, which will affect the vision. There is also a relatively rare condition in which vision is reduced and distorted for about 2 months after surgery, which is medically known as cystoid macular edema, which is a mild complication after cataract surgery.

Lutein supplementation can reduce various discomforts and complications and posterior symptoms after cataract surgery, lutein is the only carotenoid present in the eye, which has good antioxidant properties, prevents the eye from being damaged by harmful light from the outside world after surgery, and protects vision.