I want to know the process of making perfumes and the process of making perfumes

The process of making a perfume consists of the following steps:

1.Pretreatment: including purification and aging of alcohol, pretreatment of flavors and pretreatment of water.

The purification of alcohol can be carried out, among other things, by adding a solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium permanganate, with the aim of removing impurities. The pretreatment of the flavor is to add a small amount of pretreated alcohol to the flavor and use it after aging for 1 month. The pretreatment of water includes steps such as distillation or sterilization, deionization, etc.

2.Mixing: Put alcohol, flavor and water into a container of stainless steel or enamel, silver and tin according to a certain proportion, stir and mix for a period of time, so that the impurities in the flavor can fully precipitate, so that the clarity of the finished product and the anti-turbidity under cold conditions are improved.

3.Ageing: The mixed perfume is aged in an airtight container equipped with a safety valve.

There are two kinds of physical methods for the aging of perfumes, including mechanical stirring, air bubbling, infrared and ultraviolet light irradiation, ultrasonic treatment, and mechanical vibration. Chemical methods include air, oxygen or ozone bubbling oxidation, silver or silver chloride catalysis, tin or hydrogen reduction. During the aging period, the fragrance gradually changes from coarse to mellow.

4.Cooling: When the perfume reaches a lower temperature, it becomes translucent or foggy, and then it will no longer clarify if it is warmed again, and it will remain cloudy. Therefore, perfumes must be frozen before they are filtered.

5.Filtration: After aging and freezing, some insoluble substances precipitate, and filter to ensure that they are transparent and clear.

Filtration uses a filter press, and a filter aid such as diatomaceous earth is added to adsorb precipitated particles, otherwise the precipitate blocks the pores of the filter cloth. After adding the filter aid, the perfume should be cooled to about 0 and this temperature should be maintained during filtration.

6.Coloring: The color is generally added after the filtration process, otherwise the color is easy to be adsorbed by the filter aid.

7.Product inspection: compare the color with the instrument, measure the specific gravity and refractive index, and determine the alcohol content by conventional methods.

8.Bottling: Bottles are washed with distilled water. When bottling, some gaps should be left in the neck of the bottle to prevent the solution in the bottle from expanding due to heat during storage, which may cause the bottle to break.

The above are the basic steps of perfume making, and the production process requires professional equipment and conditions, as well as a full understanding of the materials and processes and skilled operation skills.

The process of making a perfume can be divided into the following steps:

Perfumers who need to determine the perfume need to choose the right notes based on the design concept and the target market. Notes refer to a recipe that is made up of different spices. In general, notes can be divided into top notes, middle notes, and base notes.

Top notes are the initial scents of a perfume that last for a short period of time; The middle note refers to the flavor that manifests itself after the top note and lasts for a longer time; Base notes are flavors that remain on ** after the middle notes and last the longest.

Spice selection and mixing. Choosing the right fragrance is essential to creating a great perfume. Common spices are floral, fruity, woody, and so on.

Each spice has its own specific smell and characteristics, and care needs to be taken to balance the various flavors when blending to achieve the desired effect.

This is followed by dilution and dissolution. Often, pure fragrances cannot be used directly and need to be diluted to the proper concentration before they can be used to make perfumes. The thinner is usually alcohol or other solvents that can fully dissolve the fragrance and maintain the stability of the perfume.

Then it's the perfumer who makes the recipe adjustments. In the actual production process, the perfumer needs to make careful adjustments according to the concentration of the fragrance, the proportion of the thinner, and the smell characteristics of the target fragrance. This process requires several attempts and adjustments until the desired effect is achieved.

Stir the mixed spices and diluents well, store and age. In general, the spice mixture needs to be stored for a period of time so that the various flavors can fully integrate and age. This process typically takes anywhere from a few weeks to several months, with regular checks and adjustments in between.

The process of creating a fragrance includes identifying notes, selecting and blending fragrances, diluting and dissolving, adjusting recipes, and storing and aging. Each step is very important and requires an experienced perfumer to create a high-quality perfume.

Making perfumes includes the collection of raw materials, the extraction of essential oils, pretreatment (purification and aging), blending, aging, cooling, filtration, toning, and quality control. Just like a good bottle of wine, it takes a lot of work and time to make a perfume. Particularly interesting is that the wheel is now popular perfume brands use a lot of ancient methods.

Of course, scientists and other professionals have fine-tuned and refined these techniques and mixtures, but some procedures are very similar to their earlier counterparts, such as the extrusion method.

Extraction process. To make a perfume or cologne.

Essential oils must be extracted from natural ingredients. There are several ways to extract essential oils: essential oils can be obtained by solvent extraction, steam distillation, expression, enfleurage, or maceration.

Solvent extraction

This method is to place the device in a large rotating drum. Then use petroleum ether.

or benzene covering plants. The part of the plant will eventually dissolve in any solvent used, leaving behind a waxy substance containing essential oils.

Steam distillation

With steam distillation, natural substances are placed in a still. These substances are extracted after distillation. The resulting substance passes through pipes, where it is cooled and then liquefied. In addition to steaming, oil can also be extracted from plants by boiling in water.

Expression

As one of the oldest forms of extraction, the extrusion method is very simple. This process is commonly used to extract citrus essential oils, including mechanical or manual pressing of citrus until all of the essential oils have been extracted.

Enfleurage, maceration, pretreatment - purification and aging, mixing, cooling, aging, filtration, tinting, inspection, bottling.

1. The manufacture of perfume is relatively simple, blending spices with ethanol.

Mix in a certain proportion to make the flavor dissolve evenly in ethanol. Since no solvent is usually used, and the fragrance is only dissolved in ethanol, the amount of ethanol to be used should be decided after fully considering the solubility of the fragrance. The concentration of ethanol varies from 75% to 95% according to the preparation requirements of various perfumes, and the larger the amount of flavor, the higher the concentration of ethanol.

2. Sometimes as needed, trace amounts of pigments, antioxidants, fungicides, and glycerin can also be added.

additives such as surfactants. Through perfumery, different types of perfumes are formulated. According to the aroma, it can be divided into two categories: floral perfume and fantasy perfume.

The aroma of floral perfumes is mostly blended by simulating natural floral fragrances, mainly rose, jasmine, narcissus, magnolia, and lily of the valley.

Gardenia, orange blossom, lilac, tuberose, acacia, honeysuckle, hyacinth.

lavender, etc.; Fantasy perfume is a new fragrance created by perfumers through the artistic imagination of natural phenomena, customs, scenery, place names, people, emotions, paintings, etc.

The process of mass production of perfumes in a company is as follows:

1. Pretreatment: The raw materials used to make perfume must be pure and must not contain impurities, so they must be pretreated before use to ensure the high quality of the product.

2. Mixing: Put the raw materials for making perfume into the designated container according to a certain proportion, stir and mix for a period of time, so that the impurities in the flavor can fully precipitate and improve the clarity of the finished product.

3. Aging: The mixed perfume is packed into a closed container with a safety valve for physical or chemical aging, so that the smell of the perfume is more mellow and fragrant. The length of time required for aging depends on factors such as production conditions.

4. Freezing: When the perfume encounters a lower temperature, it will become translucent or foggy, and then it will no longer be clear if it is heated again, and it will always be turbid. Therefore, the perfume is frozen and filtered, and when it encounters a low temperature environment in the future, there will be no mist turbidity.

5. Filtration: After aging and freezing, some insoluble substances precipitate out, and filter and remove them with the help of filter aids such as diatomaceous earth to ensure their transparency and clarity.

6. Coloring: After the filtration process, a small amount of spices will be damaged by the filter aid and cause the loss of fragrance and color, so it needs to be compared with the standard sample for coloring.

7. Finished product inspection: compare the color with the instrument, measure the specific gravity and refractive index, and measure the alcohol content by conventional methods.

8. Bottling: Leave some gaps in the bottleneck during bottling to prevent the bottle from being heated and expanding during storage and the bottle from breaking.

The raw materials are mainly alcohol, flavor and purified water, and the fragrance is divided into natural flavor and artificial flavor.

Natural raw materials are substances that are more concentrated than raw materials obtained from plant or animal materials through physical separation methods, and the purer the extracted raw materials, the more expensive they are. Artificial flavors, usually using petroleum or turpentine as raw materials, are obtained through chemical reaction or artificial synthesis, because synthetic fragrances are more economical and less expensive than extracting natural flavors, so artificial flavors are more widely used.

Please prepare: medical grade alcohol (or high-strength alcohol is preferred).

High-purity essential oils (the quality of essential oils is related to the quality of perfume), base oils, purified water, glycerin.

Determine the note flow:

Find notes to your liking:

Top notes: Generally speaking, lemon, orange, grape, mint, etc.

Heart notes: Generally speaking, include floral notes such as rose and lavender.

Base notes: Generally speaking, it includes sandalwood, musk, arabec, vetiver, etc.

Joining order: Start with the base notes, then the middle notes, and finally the top notes.

If you want to imitate famous incense, consider using their ingredients. If you want to use aromatherapy, you can also increase the proportion of a certain essential oil.

Officially start: add 1 times the alcohol in the bottle.

Add 25 drops of base oil, then add a little bit of your own formula, smell it, continue to add your own formula, and then smell it, and so on. Until you're satisfied.

When you are satisfied, seal your finished product and put it in the refrigerator for at least 48 hours.

After a few days, take it out, add 8 times the water with a small amount of glycerin, mix well and place in a beautiful bottle (preferably dark).

Homemade perfume is done.

Pretreatment includes alcohol purification and aging, flavor pretreatment and water pretreatment.

There are two commonly used methods for alcohol purification, namely alkali reflux and potassium permanganate oxidation in alcohol. The aim is to remove impurities. The aging process is when a small amount of spice is added to the purified alcohol and sealed at 15 for several months.

Flavor pretreatment is to add a small amount of pretreated alcohol to the flavor and use it after aging for 1 month.

Water pretreatment is distillation or sterilization to deionize. Sodium citrate or EDTA is usually used to remove metal ions.

Mixing is to put alcohol, essence and water into a container of stainless steel or enamel, silver and tin according to the proportion, stir and mix and place for a period of time to allow the impurities in the flavor to fully precipitate.