To what extent has philosophy developed today?

Philosophy itself does not have much truth, it is more of a mode of thinking. It's a bit similar to the fact that science can't do without computers, but computers themselves are not science. Today's philosophy has come to such a point that without extremely high scientific literacy, there is basically no talk of developing a new philosophy.

Even the masters of the two materials, such as Descartes, Leibniz, and Newton, inevitably fell into the mud pit of Confucian metaphysics without realizing it. Only a few people, such as Hume, Kant, Russell, Popper, Carl Sagan, Hawking, etc., can be regarded as truly sober. In a word, the philosophy of the future is a matter for scientists.

Modern philosophy is related to social practice, so it is also constantly evolving. Moreover, modern Chinese philosophy is very much in line with the world, he believes that matter determines consciousness, and denies subjective idealism and objective idealism. Adhere to Marxism and be a staunch materialist.

Metaphysics has laid a solid foundation for the boundaries of human reason, and although we believe that the object itself cannot be recognized, the projection of the object itself in the human brain (consciousness) has stability, and under this premise, people can reach a consensus on phenomena, thus constructing a "web of meaning" for human beings. Science is such a "web of meaning" (knowledge system) that explains the objective world.

I've read a lot of people's comments on this issue. This question makes me think that the proposition itself is wrong, and then it is even more wrong. I have three questions that I need to ask this question, and my friend doesn't know if it's okay?

The first question is, first of all, what do you need to understand philosophy? The second question is what is the criterion for judging the depth and height of philosophical development? The third question is what important contribution of philosophy has to the history of human development?

The development of philosophy is not easy to come by, the earliest study of philosophy wanted to see what the origin of the world is, some people say it is fire, some people say it is water, with the development of natural science there is no more; Later philosophers wanted to know what the secret of religion was, some said it was God, some said it was fate, and with the development of natural science there was no more; Later philosophers wanted to know the meaning of matter and spirit, some people said that touching hands is true, some people said that thinking is real, with the development of natural science there is no more, and now only this last proposition remains: the philosophy of value. We can only interpret everything through this, and from this we can develop to do a certain thing or a certain activity is not worth it and the ultimate end is **.

The great problem of our time is precisely that first-rate philosophers are not first-rate scientists, and conversely, first-rate scientists are not first-rate philosophers. This state of affairs did not exist in the early modern period, Descartes was the founder of analytic geometry, Leibniz founded calculus, Kant proposed the nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, all first-rate philosophers and first-rate scientists.

The research began to be more and more detailed and accurate. Some of the theories have been analyzing the changes in China's social contradictions, and in the morning conference held in the past year, the changes in the main contradictions in China's society were also proposed. Constantly keep up with the times.

Philosophy, like the natural sciences and social sciences, never ends. The progress of philosophy, like science in general, does not cease to develop. As a metaphysical science, the general science is regarded as an object of study and material**. As long as ordinary science advances, philosophy will also not stop for a moment.

The philosophy of pragmatism belongs to the category of science, that is, the social sciences, and is also called soft science. This type of science is up to date. It follows the hard science and adjusts and improves at any time.

The latter directly draws the boundaries of rational cognition - no matter how science develops, it is impossible for man to determine the nature of the object.

Study things that people can't study before, for example, there was no artificial intelligence before, so let's study whether the machine can think; The previous people did not go deep into the universe, so let's think about how the universe exists; There was no cloning technology before, right? <>

In terms of quantity, 90% of the work has been completed! Qualitatively, what is presented at the moment is the light bulb, and the truth is the sun!

It is still one step away from entering the era of the great unity of the human spirit. The development of artificial intelligence requires the philosophical guidance of ultimate rationality to cross the boundary between mechanical and organic models. On the basis of the existing development of artificial intelligence, the realization of open intelligent systems is what modern philosophy can do.

This step will lay the foundation for the great spiritual unity of the entire human race. The unified form is basically like this, the machine is applied to all corners of human life, and people deal more with the new relationship between man and machine. And machines are inherently unified, so the commonality between people immediately increases.

What can be justified is philosophy, while science is provable, and what can be verified or falsifiable is science.

From a philosophical point of view, Chinese philosophy stays at the level of simplicity and metaphysics. Without a sufficiently independent critical spirit, metaphysical and deductive logic cannot be produced. And science and democracy arose precisely thanks to metaphysical and deductive logic.

Lacking critical thinking, Confucianism after the pre-Qin period played a more or less role in dragging its feet.

Philosophers are mixed up.

To the point where nonsense is also true.

Philosophy must be based on science.

The study and practice of philosophy ultimately goes back to the Tao, and it is so.

At present, philosophy is difficult to see, and there is indeed a trend of decline. But it's not that philosophy itself is wrong, it's that people are overcome by the practicality of technology and therefore lose interest in it. One might think that this is enough to prove that philosophy itself is not charismatic enough.

However, I would like to point out the fact that the dullness of the human spiritual realm is very easy to indulge in the pleasures of technological applications, and in a consistent way, people are lazy in difficult and sacred philosophical reflections. From this point of view, it is a struggle between the spiritual and the material. Regardless of our judgment on the value of philosophy and technology, there is one truth to which human beings must absolutely obey:

Technology is built on intelligence. And philosophy is precisely the study of wisdom. Because of this, philosophy has always been able to maintain its high position.

Although it is difficult to move forward at present, there is an irresolvable conflict between human nature and matter, and sooner or later people will discover the fact that the mind is objectified and on the verge of dying—at this time, people will inevitably return to the homeland of the spirit, seek philosophical understanding, and reflect on the freedom of existence.

In fact, you can do it all at once, and that's it, there is no way for humans to get the truth, let alone scientists.

In philosophy, development refers to the movement, change and process of things, but it is not a general movement change, but refers to the movement and change with the nature of forward and ascent, which is the metabolism of things. In a word, development refers to the movement and change from simple to complex, low to high. It has the characteristics of universality, tortuousness, process and regularity.

In order to grasp the key to the law, we must be good at observing and summarizing, and find the trend of the development of things in the inductive summary.

Metaphysical thinking is the essence of philosophical development. In primitive society, people did not understand various natural phenomena, thunder and lightning, flash floods and other natural phenomena aroused people's exploration and understanding of nature and themselves, which is the early prototype of religion, it can be said that in this period, the form of philosophical explanation of religion existed.

The best period of development was the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, and the Yuan Dynasty was the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Whitehead once said that the history of philosophy in the West for 2,000 years is nothing more than a footnote to Plato's philosophy. Some people have adapted Whitehead's words to Chinese traditions.

This may be able to summarize the outline of the respective philosophical and intellectual history of Chinese and Western civilizations to a certain extent, but fundamentally, it ignores the concept of "Yuan Dian".

Jaspers proposed the Axial Age, which in our case is the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the birthplace of the three major civilizations of ancient China, ancient India, and ancient Greece. Many of the problems of later generations almost all revolve around the ideological propositions and concepts of this empty hall period.

However, this particularity of the Yuan Dian does not mean that the ideas of later generations cannot surpass it. In fact, the science of the Song people was the peak of our ancient civilization, and at this time, the analysis and comprehensive application of rationality reached an unprecedented level. During the Song and Ming dynasties, the theory of mind still has a great deal of tension in today's world, while the theory of qi is closer to the realm of physics and materialism, even if they are not as good as modern science.

In particular, the Qing Dynasty's Puxue made our way of studying literature more rigorous and reliable, and this method is still widely influenced today, and when combined with modern linguistics, it has produced new and infinite vitality.

It is the thirties of the twentieth century, represented by the "Theory of Contradiction" and "Theory of Practice". The previous so-called philosophy was nothing more than a spark of thought, even sophistry, which basically had no impact on the agricultural civilization of the Chinese. And *** philosophy has profoundly changed the way of thinking of almost every Chinese.

For example, the understanding and grasp of the universality and duality of contradictions, the grasp of internal and external factors, and the pragmatic thinking of seeking truth have even become the mantra of the people at the bottom!

Philosophy has made the Chinese take advantage of them when dealing with foreigners with tendons.

Throughout the ages, in ancient and modern times, at home and abroad, there has never been a philosophical system that has affected all the people of a big country like *** philosophy, including those who oppose him, and it keeps pace with the times, forever!

The rapid development of Chinese philosophy was during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, because at that time China was divided into several countries, and there were many capable people at that time.

This period was the time of the Ming and Song dynasties. At that time, many philosophers appeared, which played a very important role in promoting the development of Chinese philosophy.

The period of rapid development was the period of the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, and the mind was relatively open-minded at this time.

Ancient Ontological Philosophical Stages. Western philosophy from the origin of European philosophy to the rise of humanist philosophy in the Renaissance period was entered into the field of philosophy by philosophers without understanding the self, so it must be spontaneous and obscurantist, and it is usually called the ontological philosophical form of metaphysics. Stages of modern epistemological philosophy.

This phase is mainly from the Renaissance to the first half of the nineteenth century. The transition from ontological philosophy to epistemological philosophy is a gradual process. Philosophical stages of modern anthropology.

The birth of Marxism, voluntarism, and positivism heralded the end of modern epistemological philosophy.