Why is Shang Ying s law change so important, and why is Shang Ying s law change?

Because he contributed to the rapid economic prosperity of the Qin state, the abolition of slavery and the state ownership of land and the implementation of private ownership of land. The Ida system was abolished by law. The decree stipulates that people are allowed to open up land, that land can be bought and sold freely, and that taxes are to be borne equally according to the amount of land each person occupies.

Since then, although Qin ** still owns some state-owned land, such as unowned barren land, mountains, forests, rivers and rivers, and newly occupied land in other countries, it has gradually turned to private ownership.

Focusing on military merit, effectively improving the morale of the Qin army, weakening the strength of the powerful landlords, strengthening the centralization of power, reforming land ownership, promoting agricultural production, increasing state revenue, and enacting new laws, such as the law of joint sitting, and so on, effectively cracked down on criminal incidents.

The abolition of the old system, the promotion of agricultural production, the improvement of the combat effectiveness of the army, it was the Qin State that became the richest and most powerful vassal state in the late Warring States period, and laid a solid foundation for the annexation of the Six Kingdoms and the unification of China in the future.

Shang Ying's reform of the law successfully made Qin the strongest country among the seven kingdoms, laying the foundation for Qin's subsequent annexation of the six kingdoms and unification. Most importantly, it dealt a blow to the strength of the old aristocracy, and although Shang Ying died in the end, the changes he left behind were often recited by people, and his changes were absolutely successful.

I'm not going to copy it.

The Shang Dynasty changed the law and allowed ancient China to move from a slave society to a feudal society. It is a historic progress of the times. There has been a historic change in both the military system and the economy. The principle of Shang Ying's reform is the same as that of Sun Yat-sen's revolution, and it is a leap of the times. So he's important.

Without the Shang Dynasty reform, there would be no powerful Qin State!

Since the Spring and Autumn Period, there have been disputes in various countries, due to the promotion of iron tools and cattle farming at that time, many once abandoned land surfaces have been developed for farming, and some slave owners have taken these cultivated soil bodies for themselves and turned them into private property for rent, so two classes of landlords and peasants were born.

During the Warring States Period, the Seven Kingdoms were constantly in friction, and fighting wars was a common thing, and what was the most needed military supply for wars, that is, food.

Qin Guo's reform was relatively late compared to the rest of the countries, so it was particularly important to implement the reform to enhance national strength as soon as possible.

At this time, Qin Xiaogong introduced talents and began to implement reforms.

The main contents of the two changes can be summed up in no more than three points:

1.The well field system was abolished, the boundaries of land in the past were broken, and the state recognized private ownership of land and allowed free buying and selling.

2.Those who produce a lot of grain cloth are exempt from forced labor. The greater the military merit in the war, the higher the knighthood awarded, and the more land and houses are granted. The old aristocracy could not enjoy privileges without military merit.

3.There are 31 prefectures in the country, which are directly administered by officials appointed by the monarch.

We can clearly see the intuitive significance of the implementation of the Shang Dynasty reform law that the reform greatly promoted the economic development of the Qin State, which was a devastating blow to the old system, created a new system to adapt to the economic development of the time, and also made the Qin State rise strongly in a short period of time and became the strongest country among the seven countries, which can be said to have laid a solid foundation for the Qin State to unify the six countries.

However, the Shang Dynasty reform at that time seriously touched the interests of some nobles under the old system, you must know that the previous noble titles were hereditary, so the nobles will always be nobles, and the lower class people will always be the lower classes.

However, the reform has almost completely broken the old system, and the rights of countless nobles under the hereditary system have been damaged, so even if the final reform is successful, Shang Ying has become a nail in the eyes of many people.

Cutting off people's wealth is like killing their parents, so Shang Ying can only end up with a broken car, he is just a victim of power and politics.

The fundamental purpose of the Shang Dynasty reform: to establish the rule of the landlord class. The reason is to develop the feudal economy, enhance the strength of the Qin state, and complete the great cause of unification.

Shang Ying brought the Shiji Qin from the Wei State, and put forward a set of development strategies such as abandoning well fields, emphasizing agriculture and mulberry, rewarding military merits, implementing unified measurements, and establishing a county system, which won the trust of Qin Xiaogong.

Introduction

During this period, the use of iron farming tools and the gradual popularization of ox ploughing led to the gradual replacement of the original state ownership of land by private ownership of land, and the emergence of two opposing classes, landlords and peasants.

With the growth of economic power, the new class of military landlords demanded corresponding political rights, which caused changes in the social order.

Therefore, they demanded political reforms, the development of the feudal economy, and the establishment of the rule of the landlord class.

Various countries have set off reform movements, such as Li Kui's reform of Wei and Wu Qi's reform of Chu.

2. After the Shang Dynasty reform, the old system of the Qin State was completely abolished, the feudal economy was developed, and the Qin State gradually became the most powerful country among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, laying a solid foundation for the later Qin Dynasty to unify the world. In 338 BC, Qin Xiaogong died and was succeeded by King Huiwen of Qin. The Hob fission law infringed on the interests of the nobles, and they strongly opposed it.

Shang Ying lost a strong supporter of the reform, and Shang Ying had no choice but to flee. In the end, Shang Chan closed the martingale and was killed in the pursuit of the Qin army, only to end up with a "car split". However, the changes were continued.

The purpose of the Shang Dynasty reform was to enrich the country and strengthen the army. Therefore, the first thing is to encourage production to make the country rich and strong, and on the other hand, to promote militarism and strengthen combat effectiveness. The implementation of the law reform relies on the rule of law, which also accelerates the centralization of power.

In terms of culture, it identifies with the culture of the Central Plains in order to unify the Central Plains in the future.

After Qin's internal politics were on the track, Shang Ying plotted outward, Qin had been taken away by Wei in the past, so that its forces had to retreat to the north of Luoshui, and Wei set up a county in Hexi (defended by heavy troops), which posed a threat to Qin, Shang Ying then took advantage of the time when Wei and Qi exchanged troops, sent troops to Wei to recover the land west of Hexi, and even came to Anyi, the capital of Wei, and won an unprecedented victory. It can be seen that the Shang Dynasty changed the law to enrich Qin's manpower and material resources, and it was indeed able to breed favorable conditions in the war.

1."Historical Records 6 4 The Biography of Shang Jun" says: In the past ten years, the people of Qin have been happy, the road has not been forgotten, there are no thieves in the mountains, the family is sufficient, the people are brave in public war, cowardly in private fighting, and the township is governed. 」

2."Warring States Policy" says: The military revolution is strong, and the princes are afraid. 」

3.Jia Yi's "Treatise on the Passage of Qin" said: When it was the time, Shang Jun Zuozhi (filial piety), the internal law, farming and weaving, repairing the tools of war and defense, and fighting the princes horizontally and externally, so the Qin people gave up their hands and took the land of the West River. 」

4.Li Si's "Book of Exhortations to the Guest" said: Filial piety is the law of Shang Ying, changing customs, the people are prosperous, the country is rich and strong, the people are happy to use, the princes are obedient, and they have won the division of Chu Weiwen, and they have moved thousands of miles to be strong. 」

5.Du You's "General Dictionary" says: Qin Xiao public business martingale, martingale to the three Jin land narrow people poor, Qin land wide and few people, so the grass is not exhausted, the geographical advantage is not exhausted; So the people of the three Jin Dynasty were tempted, and the three generations were ignorant of military affairs, and the business was inside; And make the Qin people the enemy.

Therefore, the waste well field, the system of Qianmo, let it be cultivated, there is no limit to how much, between a few years, the country is rich and the army is strong, and the world is invincible. 」

6."Xunzi 6 4 Strong Country" records the folk customs of Qin after the death of Shang Ying: Entering the country to view its customs, its vocal music is not flowing, its clothes are not picky, very afraid of having a division and obedience, its hundred officials are solemn and thrifty, respectful and faithful and not caressing, and the ancient officials are also.

Out of its door, into the palace gate, out of the palace gate, back to its home, no private affairs, not than Zhou, not friends, but also the public, this ancient man is also. 」

Except for the "General Dictionary", all of them are people who have made an appointment with the Shang Dynasty and record contemporary history, which is not only credible, but also can understand the effectiveness of the reform at that time, and the evaluation of the change of the law by the people of the time. It can be seen that the Shang Dynasty Reform is actually one of the more successful reform movements in Chinese history.