In ancient times, there was no scoring standard for writing essays in the imperial examination, and

In ancient times, there was no criterion for writing essays in the imperial examination, so many people would think that it might be selected by the examiner's personal willBut in fact, no, the evaluation criteria of the ancient imperial examination were mainly the synthesis of the opinions of multiple examiners. And it also depends on whether there is a part of the article that can show the potential of the person. <>

Although the ancient imperial examination said that there was no scoring standard, in fact, this is also very normal, after all, the ancient imperial examination was to write essays, and not multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions and other questions with standard answers, so it is reasonable that there is no scoring standard. However, this did greatly reduce the transparency and openness of the ancient imperial examinations. <>

But don't worry, the ancient imperial examination definitely did not rely on the will of an examiner to make a selection. In ancient times, the marking of the imperial examination was actually carried out by multiple examiners, and in the end, the opinions of multiple examiners had to be synthesized to select the champion. Therefore, it can be said that each examiner's opinion may be different, but in the end, there will always be a very average result.

There will be no phenomenon that an examiner does not like the eye, so he directly denies the examiner's article. <>

But in fact, not all the imperial examinations in ancient times were fair. There is no grading standard, in fact, such an examination system also gives many children from rich families a loophole. For example, some people will give the examiner a favor and let the examiner rate their essay higher.

In fact, these candidates may be favored by the examiner, and the examiner may pay more attention when marking the paper. But it's not how well his articles are written, it's just that he gives more money.

However, the talents who come out of the exam will eventually have to take the palace examination, and only really talented people can become **, which is actually fair. Therefore, the ancient imperial examination actually had a lot of drawbacks, and there was no very unified scoring standard, and it was indeed not very good. But many children from poor families can only choose this path, although it is very unfair, but there is no other choice.

For example, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the examiner mainly looked at whether it was in line with the Bagu Wen.

It is judged by an examiner, but not by an examiner, by a group of examiners.

There are standards, because the imperial examination is to allow the lifters to play freely to write proposition articles, so there must be a rigid general direction, under the generosity, the examiners take reasonable, well-organized, and clear, and will be reviewed after review.

Since the establishment of the imperial examination system in the Sui Dynasty, it has been verified by practice in the Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, which has fully proved that the imperial examination system can select certain talents for the ruling class of feudal society. For example, Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty, Yu Qian of the Ming Dynasty, Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang of the Qing Dynasty, and so on.

In any case, the content of the ancient imperial examinations was related to literary writing, and did not involve questions such as "Why is the earth round?" and "derivatives". Since it is not involved, and the things that everyone learns are all four books and five classics, and there is no difference in content, then it is not unfair to science students.

If you can win the first place in the martial arts examination, then you can make a great difference in the army, just like winning the first place in the imperial examination and prospering in the officialdom. Therefore, the design of the ancient imperial court for the promotion of the people at the bottom is still relatively reasonable to a certain extent.

If you look at it now, this is indeed the case, but in ancient times, there was no division between arts and sciences, so it was not so obvious, and the exams in ancient times were basically not very rigorous.

In ancient times, the imperial examination was divided into civil and military affairs without distinction between literature and science, and writing articles was basically based on the central idea of governing the country, and both literature and science needed to expound their thoughts on governing the country.

Because there were no liberal arts and science students in ancient times, there was no question of fairness or unfairness to liberal arts or science students.

Regarding the merits and demerits of the imperial examination, it has always been a fog to see the flowers, and there is no consensus. Tang Taizong Li Shimin praised the imperial examination for recruiting talents from all over the world, "The heroes of the world are among them." In modern times, Westerners have called the imperial examination the fifth great invention of ancient China.

The result of Sun Yat-sen's inspection was: "China's examination system is the earliest and best system in the world." On the contrary, there are more criticisms, Song Yingxing wrote with emotion in his scientific masterpiece "Heavenly Creations".

Lee Kuan Yew even said bluntly: The imperial examination has left China out of the door of the great scientific and technological inventions of the West and ......the industrial revolution

Today, a hundred years later, with the imperial examination in the long river of history, we may be able to examine this special examination system more rationally.

As we all know, since the Sui and Tang dynasties, China has begun an era of imperial examinations, in this era, even if their family background is not particularly good or not as grand as imagined, but everyone can also improve their social level through the imperial examination, which is equivalent to providing an ordinary person with a ladder and opportunity to rise. In fact, this was decided by the decision-makers when the scientific examination was first formulated, after all, at that time, the Four Books and the Five Classics were some traditional Chinese projects, and everyone thought that these were the contents that literati should study.

Although there were also subjects such as arithmetic at that time, it was not added to the imperial examination as a formal subject, and everyone thought that if you took the imperial examination to become an official, the first thing you must write well isThis is an affirmation that a person has a high level of knowledge. If you can write well, you may be able to have some unique insights in governing the country.

Of course, the actual situation may not be like this, but after all, China's traditional culture has always occupied a high position when Chinese studies, so for the imperial examination, selecting certain talents by writing articles is also a relatively fair and just decision, which is why the scientific examination can be circulated for thousands of years. Because a lot of information can be seen from an article, whether it is a person's personality characteristics or how much knowledge he has, it can be seen at a glance.

Why did most of the ancient imperial examinations be written articles? A kind of ethos at the time.

Because in ancient times, the imperial examinations were all about officials, and being an official must first be well-written.

The Four Books and Five Classics are some traditional items in China, and in ancient times, most of the imperial examinations were written articles.

To participate in the imperial examination and become an official, first of all, the article must be written well, which is an affirmation that a person has a high level of knowledge.

After all, at that time, the Four Books and the Five Classics were some traditional Chinese projects.

Because at that time, they paid more attention to the export of articles.

1 The entire imperial examination system has been practiced in China for 1,300 years, and has had a profound impact on China, East Asia, and the world. After the Sui and Tang dynasties, China's social structure, political system, education, and humanistic thought were all affected by the imperial examination.

The original purpose of the imperial examination was to promote talents from the people. Compared with the selection system of hereditary and recommended materials, the imperial examination is undoubtedly a fair, open and impartial method.

The imperial examination has unearthed and cultivated a large number of talents for the Chinese dynasties. The imperial examination also played a considerable role in promoting the popularization of knowledge and the people's reading atmosphere.

The adverse effects of the imperial examination are mainly due to the content and form of the examination. Since the Ming Dynasty, the content of the imperial examination has become rigid, and it has become only required that candidates can produce formal essays, but does not pay attention to the actual knowledge of candidates.

In addition, some of the habits of the imperial examination can still be seen in the college entrance examination in Chinese mainland. For example, the selection of candidates by province, the binding of the examination papers with the identity information of the candidates, so as to prevent collusion between the examiners and the candidates, and the calling of the top scorer in the college entrance examination as the champion, are all remnants of the imperial examination.

Overall it's ok and has certain benefits.

Since the beginning of the Sui and Tang dynasties, the imperial examination system has been selected through examinations, emphasizing talent as the criterion for selecting officials, which is a relatively fair selection system, creating relatively equal opportunities for competition for scholars and providing more talents for the development of society.

However, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the eight shares were taken, which was the result of the standardization of the examination from the perspective of the examination system, which increased the objectivity of the examination standards, and had reference significance for the future examination system; But it is too rigid, and the style restricts the play of the content, coupled with the narrowness of the propositional content, which restricts the mind... Allowing Confucian scholars to take the examination as the ultimate goal of learning is contrary to the original intention of the examination.

。。The notes in the book are like this.

It's bad, and modern education has inherited many parts of it.

Well, the imperial examination system is of great help to the selection of people, and it has played a certain positive role in feudal society, but there are also shortcomings, and the minds of scholars are imprisoned.

Although no system is perfect, the imperial examination system may have drawbacks that we cannot see. However, China's imperial examination system is strict, and the dynasties are constantly improving, I think the chances of being able to be nominated for the list through cheating and other means are very small. It is not denied that there may be cheating in the imperial examinations.

However, there is not only one imperial examination, and it is impossible to cheat in every exam, and the chances of this are very small.

The imperial examination system is an examination system held in ancient China for the selection of officials, the imperial examination system has no class distinction, you can sign up for it, it is precisely because of this system, there will be "the court for Tian Shelang, the evening to the Tianzi Hall", it can be seen that the imperial examination system is very important for the country to select talents, and it is natural to pay attention to fairness and justice to prevent cheating.

The imperial examination is complicated, take the Ming and Qing imperial examinations as an example, the Ming and Qing imperial examinations are divided into four levels: the children's examination, the township examination, the meeting examination and the palace examination. The Tongsheng Examination is the most elementary examination, and the candidates who pass the Tongsheng Examination become students, and the Township Examination and the Guild Examination are held every three years, and the Palace Examination is the highest form of examination, which is presided over by the emperor, and is more stringent.

Moreover, the content of the exam is also complex and diverse, mainly testing eight strands of essays and so on. If cheating can get away with a link, it is impossible to cheat every time, and the difficulty of the exam increases as the exam level increases.

Therefore, those who can pass the ring exam and finally be admitted must be people with real talents, and those who pass an exam by cheating will not go far and will definitely be discovered during the exam. The imperial examination system is an opportunity to change the fate of thousands of scholars, and an opportunity to select talents for the country, which is related to the future development of the country.

There shouldn't be any, the ancient imperial examination was more rigorous, and there would be examiners who checked the identity of the candidates, not to say that there was a way to cheat and then be on the list.

Of course, there will be people who are nominated by cheating, and no matter how strict the system is, there will be loopholes. Because people are alive, and people's relationship networks are also very complex, maybe any powerful person who does not have real material will be on the list.

There will definitely be, and the ancient network is also very large, but even if there is cheating, those who can be nominated on the list must have real talents.

There may be, but it is difficult, because the ancient scientific research was very strict, there were a series of means to prevent cheating, and once discovered, there were very serious consequences, and it was difficult for ordinary people to cheat.

In the ancient imperial examinations, I don't seem to have heard of those who were nominated on the list through cheating and other means. The ancient anti-cheating methods are estimated to be stricter than the modern ones, and whoever can cheat successfully is also very powerful.

There may be, but only a small number, after all, cheating in the imperial examination in ancient times was also very difficult, and there will be certain measures to prevent cheating.

Although cheating in ancient times was not as strict as it is now, it is still difficult to get through the tricks all the way.

There will be, but there are relatively few cases, after all, the ancient imperial examination system is to select outstanding talents, the system is strict, there are generally multi-level assessments, and manpower invigilation will also be increased.

The ancient scientific examination system was so strict, although there will still be people cheating, but how can you let you know about cheating, if you knew that you cheated and were nominated on the list, you would have been caught in prison a long time ago.