How many types of mortise and tenon structures are there for Chinese mahogany decoration?

Please refer to below.

There are five types of mortise and tenon structures commonly found in mahogany furniture.

One of the hallmarks that distinguishes Chinese mahogany furniture from other types of furniture is the delicate mortise and tenon structure. Classical Chinese mahogany furniture uses tenon structure joints at the joints of various parts, which is one of the important features of traditional Chinese furniture culture. Mahogany furniture usually adopts a concave and convex joint method on two or more components that are connected, wherein the protruding part is called tenon or tenon; The recessed part is called a mortise or tenon groove and a socket.

Today, I will talk to you about the five common mortise and tenon structures in mahogany furniture.

First, the "dragon and phoenix tenon" is commonly used when the two thin plates are assembled, that is, the tongue and the tenon groove are spliced.

After the mahogany board is assembled, in order to increase the fastness and prevent it from bending, the trapezoidal long tenon is pierced on the reverse side, which is called "wearing belt". This type of tenon is called a "dovetail". Thick mahogany boards are often jointed at right angles and joints with mortise and tenon joints.

Exposed tenon joints are rough and are often used in invisible places, such as the corners of drawers. Some mahogany furniture craftsmen are highly skilled and can join very thin mahogany boards with "stuffy tenons".

Second, there will be a handover of horizontal and vertical timber in many places of furniture, and "lattice shoulder tenons" will be used.

Round wood joint, thin transverse timber, thick vertical timber, can be joined in the center of the vertical timber, can also be joined at the edge of the vertical timber, the latter can make one side of the horizontal timber and one side of the vertical timber flat, similar to the latter such a joint is called "floating shoulder". When the square timber is jointed, because of the needs of the style, the style of "large lattice shoulder" and "small lattice shoulder" will be produced, and the situation of horizontal timber penetrating the vertical timber is called "through tenon", otherwise it is "half tenon". Most of the furniture uses "semi-tenon" in order not to show traces, and a few furniture not only use "through tenon" for style considerations, but also deliberately stretch out.

Third, in order to let the legs and feet be affected by the movement of the legs and feet without a horizontal staff under the table, the ancients replaced the fixed role of the horizontal staff with the "overlord staff".

The upper end of the overlord staff is connected and fixed with a wooden dowel and the "wearing belt" under the table, and the lower end is connected to the table leg using a "hook tenon", the tenon on the leg is a right-angled ladder shape, and the tenon is also upturned in this shape. If you pull out the wedge first, you can take the rod off.

Fourth, mahogany furniture is often difficult to find joints at the joints of curved bends, and "wedge nail tenons" are used.

The rim of the mahogany ring chair is made of this tenon to connect several curved sections of wood. First make two gassho-like shapes at both ends of the wood, then make grooves and tongues for the head, and after holding each other, no longer move, dig a square hole in the middle of the brain, and insert a square wedge with a thick head and a thin tail, and the two arcs are connected into one.

Fifth, the "chuck tenon" has been used in the Chinese furniture case of the Song Dynasty.

This mortise and tenon structure of mahogany furniture in the Ming Dynasty was well developed and had a variety of variations. The basic production is to make a groove on the legs, and then make a tenon at the bottom of the tabletop, and clamp the tooth plate and tooth head in the groove. This tenon structure also makes various shapes according to the style of furniture.

The mortise and tenon structure of Chinese mahogany decoration is roughly the same as that of mahogany furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the main common uses are as follows:

There are nearly 100 kinds of mortise and tenon joints, including lattice angle tenon, supporting angle tenon, zongjiao tenon, dovetail tenon, chuck tenon, shoulder tenon, dragon and phoenix tenon, wedge nail tenon, raglan tenon, fence tenon, set tenon, hanging tenon, half tenon and tenon, etc.

Mortise and tenon structures are classified according to their construction, which can be roughly divided into three types:

Face to face. One type is mainly the joint of surfaces and surfaces, the combination of two edges, and the junction of surfaces and edges. Such as "notch tenon", "tongue tenon", "dovetail tenon", "wear belt tenon", "tie tenon" and so on.

Point structure. The other type is the structural approach as a "point". It is mainly used for horizontal and vertical T-joint, angular joint, cross joint, as well as extension joint of straight and arc materials.

Such as "lattice shoulder tenon", "double tenon", "double clamp tenon", "hook tenon", "wedge tenon", "half tenon", "through tenon" and so on.

Component combinations. There is also a construction method that combines three components together and connects them to each other, which is more complex and special in addition to the use of some of the above mortise and tenon joint structures. For example, the common ones are "supporting angle tenon", "long and short tenon", "shoulder tenon", "zongjiao tenon" and so on.

The mortise and tenon structure of Chinese mahogany decoration has a long history. The study found that as early as the Neolithic Age in Hemudu more than 7,000 years ago, our ancestors had begun to use mortise and tenon joints, and the mortise and tenon joint structure has a long history as a unique craft creation of the Chinese nation. The reason why traditional Chinese furniture (especially Ming and Qing dynasty furniture) has reached today's level is directly related to the use of this feature, and it is the use of this ingenious structure that enhances the artistic value of Chinese furniture, especially admired by foreign furniture and architectural artists.

The reason why Chinese furniture is also called traditional furniture is that the mortise and tenon structure is the core.

The mahogany decoration of the mortise and tenon structure is more durable and durable than the furniture connected with iron nails, and the main characteristics are:

First, the mortise and tenon joint structure is a combination of tenon and tenon, which is an ingenious combination between more and less, high and low, long and short between wood pieces, which can effectively limit the twisting between wood pieces in all directions. And iron nail connection can't do it. For example, if two wooden canops are combined in a T-shape with iron nails, the vertical and horizontal canopy can easily be twisted and change the angle, while the mortise and tenon joint will not be twisted.

Secondly, metal is susceptible to rust or oxidation, while real mahogany furniture can be used for hundreds or thousands of years. Many Ming-style furniture are hundreds of years old, although the vicissitudes of life, but the wood is as hard as ever. If such furniture is assembled with iron nails, it is likely that the wood is intact, but due to the corrosion, fatigue, aging, etc. of the metal connected, the furniture or decoration will fall apart.

Second, the mahogany wood of the mortise and tenon structure is used as decoration for easy transportation. Many mahogany decorations are disassembled and transported, and then assembled and installed at the destination, which is very convenient. If you use iron nails to connect furniture, you can make it into a partial split, but you can't make furniture with a lot of small wooden pieces such as chairs.

Clause. 3. The mahogany decoration of the mortise and tenon structure is convenient for maintenance. Pure mahogany furniture can be used for hundreds of years, and there will always be problems, such as a broken fir that needs to be replaced.

The mahogany decoration connected by iron nails is not as easy to disassemble and replace as the mahogany decoration of the mortise and tenon structure.

Clause. Fourth, the quality of mortise and tenon is high. Mahogany wood is hard, while iron nails are wedged into it by squeezing and drilling, and this process is very easy to cause wood splitting, which is very well known to carpenters.

The use of mortise and tenon joints to connect mahogany furniture can greatly improve the intrinsic quality of mahogany decoration, which is also an important reason why the mahogany decoration made by traditional craftsmanship has value-added collection value.

No. Taller mahogany furniture is furniture, which is wood like flowers, with a traditional mortise and tenon structure, when finished. Qualified furniture, generally does not require special care, he can be bold to use, but there are a few points to note:

1) Mahogany furniture is solid wood furniture, with a fine wood structure (hole diameter and chord 200 meters), weight (g cm3), which should be placed in a relatively fixed position to prevent damage when moving bumps. Temperature 1525, relative humidity 55-75.

2) Suitable environmental conditions for mahogany furniture. In this case, a small expansion and contraction of wood, coating and high durability, dimensional stability, good furniture.

3) Mahogany furniture should not be placed in long-term sunlight, because long-term exposure, the ultraviolet rays in the sun will make the surface coating of the furniture discolored, or even fall off; But when the above conditions are met, don't worry, you can ask a professional to repair it, and you can set it up as new.

First, look at the water content.

The level of water content affects the quality of furniture, many mahogany homes, according to the business of non-standard use of wood with high water content to make furniture, we can put the palm of the hand in the gap and the middle of the panel, to see the flatness and moisture to judge. The quality of the wood itself is also a factor in judging from mahogany furniture. The mortise and tenon structure is made of mahogany furniture, which means that the mahogany furniture with good craftsmanship can be made of hand mortise and tenon structure.

2. Metal probe.

We need to know whether the mahogany furniture is a mortise and tenon structure, so we can use a metal probe to measure the mahogany furniture without the use of iron nailsThe metal detector is red and the green light indicates that the furniture uses iron nails and the green light does not use iron nails, according to this introduction, this kind of metal detector can be bought in general fire equipment stores.

3. Why can't iron nails be used for mahogany furniture?

In the Neolithic Age of Hemudu more than 7,000 years ago, our ancestors began to use digital, mortise and tenon structure as a unique craft of the Chinese nation, creating a long history, traditional furniture can reach today's level,There is a direct relationship with the application of this feature, and it really makes this ingenious combination of use, which enhances the artistic value of Chinese furniture, and the reason why Chinese furniture is called traditional furniture The reason why Chinese furniture is called traditional furniture mortise and tenon structure is the core.

Now for some wealthy families, the use of mahogany furniture is a symbol of the family, but also a kind of high-end atmosphere of their home decoration style, so many families have used mahogany furniture to decorate their families, how to choose good mahogany furniture is also a science, if the choice of real mortise and tenon structure of furniture can better reflect the owner's taste of his own life.

The mortise and tenon joint can be seen from the joint, and the mortise and tenon joint is two wooden structures inserted together, and if you find that there is no such plug, it is not.

This question is more professional, I have not used mahogany furniture, and I have not been exposed to this knowledge, so I really don't know.

For the identification of mahogany furniture, we do not have a particularly professional experience, it is best to buy these furniture to bring professional people over, which is more appropriate.

It depends on whether there are nails and hinges in it, if there are nails and hinges, it is not a real mortise and tenon, if not, it may be real.

Mainly look at the nails, if there are no nails, it should be on it, but it's better to find someone who understands.

This problem is too professional, this has to really understand carpentry to see, ordinary people don't understand carpentry, carpenters can't see it.

It depends on whether there are nails on the surface of the furniture, if there are nails, it is not, if there are no nails.

It is more difficult to distinguish this, so it is best to find a professional person to show it, because we don't know much about this now, because mahogany furniture is relatively expensive now, so ordinary people can't afford it.

Now there are more than 30 kinds of mortise and tenon structures used in furniture, the common ones are dragon and phoenix tenon, wear tenon, shrinkage tenon, zongjiao tenon, etc., dragon and phoenix tenon is generally used to connect two plates, especially when the wooden board encounters thermal expansion and cold contraction, it can ensure that the two boards are not deformed, and the connection is stable. The shrinkage tenon is the recessed gap on the desktop that we usually see, this shrinkage tenon can avoid the cracking of the desktop, and it can also ensure that the desktop is not affected when the thermal expansion and cold contraction are not affected, but this structure is not used for some mahogany furniture.

Looking at the traces, the mortise and tenon structure can be easily seen through the naked eye, and the furniture has traces of the mortise and tenon structure, without screws.

Generally, if you identify mahogany furniture, you need to see whether the color inside is red, and generally the mahogany furniture will be red in this material. And the lines are also intricate.

Therefore, check whether the structure is connected at the various adapters of the mahogany furniture. Whether there are nails or not. Generally, if there are nails, it is not a real mortise and tenon structure.