What is the scope of investment of the social insurance fund?

Social insurance institutions provide social financing for the total amount of retirement pensions to be paid by retirees, that is, the units and individual employees (or all of them) pay insurance premiums according to a certain proportion of the total salary. The burden of endowment insurance is transferred between generations, that is, the pension expenses of the retired workers are borne by the incumbent workers themselves, and the incumbent workers themselves are borne by the next generation. The main features of this mode are:

Flexible rate adjustments; It is socially solidarity, easy to operate, not threatened by inflation and interest rate fluctuations, and has the characteristics of achieving fairness through redistribution.

Collapse the social co-ordination part of the ** accumulation system model.

It is to establish a part of the accumulation within the framework of social pooled financing, on the one hand, the pension of the retirees continues to be paid as you go, on the other hand, in order to cope with the peak period of retirement, part of the accumulation is implemented, and the principle of "fixed income by expenditure, a slight surplus, and partial accumulation" is implemented, and a few percentage points are appropriately increased on the basis of the current overall planning rate, which is used as the accumulation of long-term overall adjustment.

Collapse personal account storage mode.

The model is that from the beginning of the employee's participation in the work, according to a certain proportion of the total salary, the unit and the individual pay the insurance premium, credited to the personal account, as a long-term storage accumulation of value-added, the ownership of which belongs to the individual. When employees reach the statutory retirement age, the total amount accumulated in the personal account (including the principal and interest of insurance premiums) is paid to the individual in the form of an old-age pension on a monthly basis. The main characteristics of this model are to integrate self-protection into social insurance, strong incentive mechanism, high transparency, conducive to supervision and management, can form a pre-funding, long-term accumulation of value-added, individuals for the future to make long-term security, with efficiency-led characteristics.

Folded accumulation mode.

Its core is the introduction of the mechanism of personal account storage, the accumulation of personal accounts on the basis of personal accounts, and at the same time maintain the mechanism of social co-ordination and mutual assistance. Most of the insurance premiums paid by the unit are used to pay the expenses of retirees, and all the insurance premiums paid by the individual employees and a part of the overall insurance premiums paid by the unit go into the personal accounts of the employees. Due to the establishment of a pension personal account, this model has an incentive mechanism and a supervision mechanism, and also retains the advantages of social pooling and mutual aid, gathering the advantages of the personal account storage system and the pay-as-you-go social pooling system, preventing and overcoming the weaknesses and possible problems of the two.

Theoretically, the advantages of this model outweigh the disadvantages, and it is a new model explored in China's pension insurance reform.

Basically, it is **, **, national large-scale capital construction financing, national bonds, and so on.

Legal analysis: social security refers to the social security that is managed by the National Social Security Council and is formed by the centralized spine of state-owned shares and equity assets, financial funds, funds raised by other means and investment income approved by the National Social Security Council.

Legal basis: "Interim Measures for the Management of Investment in the National Social Security Foundation" Article 5 The Ministry of Finance, in conjunction with the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, formulates relevant policies for the management and operation of social security, and supervises the investment operation and trusteeship of social security. The China Supervision and Administration Commission (hereinafter referred to as the China Securities Regulatory Commission) and the People's Bank of China supervise the business activities of the managers and custodians of social insurance ** investment in accordance with their respective powers.

a) Market conditions.

The market economy provides an appropriate external environment for social insurance investment. One of the basic characteristics of a market economy is that it has a certain degree of automaticity and flexibility.

It is provided for investment in social insurance**. The investment of social insurance must have its objects that can be invested, such as bonds, various valuable assets and financial assets, current assets and immovable assets such as real estate, industrial and mining enterprises, commerce, tourism, etc. - all of these are the constituent elements of the market economy and are the objects that social insurance may invest in.

2) Policy conditions.

Generally speaking, with the market, there are conditions for the operation of social insurance, and thus there must be investment in social insurance. However, in real life, the scale and degree of realization of social insurance investment in Qin Changzi also depend on the policy conditions at that time. Different countries and different periods of the same country will adopt different policies on the investment of social insurance according to the specific situation of their national economic development.

These policies directly restrict the breadth and depth of social insurance investment.

3) Talent conditions.

in some developed countries abroad. The investment in social insurance** involves almost all fields, sectors and industries of the national economy, and even involves countries around the world. And the business and technology of each field, each department and each industry have their own regularities.

For example, the buying and selling of various bonds, the speculation of various currencies, the adjustment of various types of deposits, the purchase and sale of various real estate such as real estate, and the construction and operation of industrial and commercial enterprises, etc., all have their special business content and their own regularity, which requires professionals who understand the profession, understand technology and understand the operation to engage in the business of social insurance investment, and it is impossible to succeed in the investment of social insurance without a considerable number of professionals to form the corresponding capital investment institutions. Therefore, the scope, scale and quantity of social insurance investment also depend on the conditions of the first professional talent, and at the same time, it is often some financial derivatives that can obtain greater benefits, and these financial derivatives often have great risks, so it is more necessary for professionals to operate to reduce risks. For the social insurance related to the national economy and people's livelihood, the principle of profit within the lowest risk is very important, so the management talent is a very important condition for social insurance investment.

4) Management conditions.

The investment of social insurance is not only a highly professional and technical behavior, but also a complex organization and operation process, which requires strict organization and scientific management. In addition to the need for the state to carry out macro control and management of the investment in social insurance for the whole society through laws, policies and administrative means, it is also necessary to have self-management within the insurance department. The content of the internal management of insurance institutions includes plan management, financial management, labor management, operation management and other aspects.

Legal Analysis: Social insurance** includes basic endowment insurance**, basic medical insurance**, work-related injury insurance**, unemployment insurance** and maternity insurance**.

Legal basis: Article 64 of the Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China includes basic endowment insurance**, basic medical insurance**, work-related injury insurance**, unemployment insurance** and maternity insurance**. In addition to the basic medical insurance** and maternity insurance** combined accounts and accounting, other social insurance** according to the type of social insurance separately established and accounted for.

Social insurance** implements a unified national accounting system. The special funds for social insurance are used exclusively and shall not be embezzled or misappropriated by any organization or individual. The basic endowment insurance is gradually implemented nationwide, and other social insurance is gradually implemented at the provincial level, and the specific time and steps are stipulated by the company.

Legal analysis: including basic endowment insurance**, basic medical insurance**, work-related injury insurance**, unemployment insurance** and maternity insurance**.

Legal basis: Article 64 of the Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China Social insurance** includes basic endowment insurance**, basic medical insurance**, work-related injury insurance**, unemployment insurance** and maternity insurance**. In addition to the combined accounting and accounting of medical insurance** and maternity insurance**, the other social insurance ** judgments are set up separately according to the type of social insurance insurance, and the accounts are accounted for separately.

Social insurance** implements a unified national accounting system. The special funds for social insurance are earmarked, and no organization or individual may embezzle or misappropriate them. The basic endowment insurance will gradually implement the national overall planning, and other social insurance will gradually implement the provincial overall planning, and the specific time and steps shall be stipulated by the national level.