What stands for freedom in traditional Chinese culture?

In traditional Chinese culture, the concept of freedom has not been as widely developed as Western liberalism. At the heart of traditional Chinese culture is Confucianism, which emphasizes harmony, balance, and nature, but does not directly address the concept of freedom.

However, there are indeed some ideas and ideas related to freedom in traditional Chinese culture, which are mainly embodied in schools such as Taoism, Moism, and Legalism.

Lao Tzu, a representative figure of Taoism, put forward the idea of "Taoism and Nature", advocating that people should conform to and respect nature, and achieve a state of natural freedom. The Mohists emphasized the freedom and independence of the individual, and advocated that people should be free from all kinds of constraints and restrictions and pursue freedom and justice. Legalists believe that people's behavior should be restricted and constrained by the law, and only within the framework of the law can true freedom be realized.

In addition, some ideas and ideas in traditional Chinese culture also have an indirect impact on freedom. For example, the principle of "do unto others as you would have them do unto you" embodies respect for others and the right to free choice. At the same time, ancient Chinese literary works, such as the Book of Songs and Lisao, also express people's pursuit of freedom and individual values.

In short, although there is no systematic concept and value of freedom in traditional Chinese culture like Western liberalism, there are still some ideas and concepts related to freedom. These ideas and philosophies play an important role in Chinese culture and influence the way Chinese think and behave.

Marxism-Leninism stands for freedom, Taoism.

Representing freedom, and certain Western views entered China after a number of liberal views were put forward, Confucianism.

Buddhists are highly hierarchical, and whatever they say does not represent freedom.

First, there is the issue of the relationship between justice and benefit. In general, liberalism is self-seeking. Orientals are the first to take the lead, and liberalism pays more attention to personal interests, which can also be called a style of not being hypocritical and seeking truth from facts. Humility is a virtue for us.

Second, there is the issue of wholeness and individuality. We emphasize wholeness and comprehensiveness, while liberals value individuality and secondarily group. Unlike traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, Chinese medicine emphasizes the whole, unlike Western medicine, which focuses on the parts of the whole from an anatomical point of view.

Third, the issue of thinking about common ground and thinking about differences. We Chinese always emphasize "harmony is precious" and "the unity of nature and man", while the West pays attention to diverse new theories and individual creativity.

Fourth, differences in the way feelings are expressed. Traditional Chinese culture is subtle, while liberals are direct. The ladies of ancient China must have no imagination in the West, not to mention all the shackling ideas such as "male superiority and inferiority of women" and ancient family law in ancient China.

Western "liberalism" is biased towards the individual, while China's is biased towards small collectives.

Western "liberalism" is selfish. Traditional Chinese culture is to be friendly with people.