14 What events in Europe in the 16th century contributed to the development of humanism

In the 14th and 15th centuries, there was a germination of capital and celery-based suspicion in Oufeng Senzhou.

14 The European Renaissance movement of the 16th century.

1487 Suspect: 1488 Dias sails to the southern coast of Africa.

1492 Columbus sailed to the Americas.

1497 1498 Vasco da Gama voyage to India.

1519 1522 Magellan's fleet circumnavigated the globe.

The Mughal Empire of India was established in the early 16th century.

In the mid-to-late 15th century, during the European Renaissance and the Enlightenment, the emerging bourgeoisie defended its economic and political interests, ideologically broke with the theology of the Church, and changed various traditional ideas that defended the feudal system.

The English Reformation and enclosure movement in the 16th century, the release of agricultural labor, the improvement and application of agricultural technology, provided labor, consumer goods and raw materials for the industrial revolution, and also provided a domestic market for industrial development.

The English bourgeois revolution of 1640-1688 established the dominance of the bourgeoisie and the new aristocracy. It is conducive to the development of capitalism and marks the beginning of the modern history of the world. In 1689, Parliament promulgated the "Bill of Rights" to provide legal protection for the limitation of royal power, and established a "constitutional monarchy" in England, in the 17th century, Britain won maritime and colonial hegemony, providing the necessary capital accumulation for the Industrial Revolution, and more importantly, forming a world market with ** as the main content and Europe as the center, which was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution, the French Revolution in 1789 destroyed the feudal rule in France and spread the progressive ideas of bourgeois liberal democracy. It has had a great impact on the development of world history. It shook the feudal system throughout Europe and dealt a heavy blow.

The Italian Renaissance: The Rise of Man.

The Hundred Years' War between Britain and France: The Embryonic Nation-State.

The fall of Constantinople: the great discovery of the geographical geography of the sea-faring technology in Europe: breaking the isolation of various regions of the world, the world began to become a whole, laying the foundation for the rapid development of Western Europe.

The Reformation: It broke the authority of religion, opened up space for society, and laid the foundation for the centuries-long wars of religion.

The Dutch Revolution: The first successful revolutionary Thirty Years' War waged by the bourgeoisie: it struck at Austria, Spain and other old Catholic powers, and the hegemony was transferred to England and the Netherlands, and Protestantism gained a foothold in Europe.

Glorious Revolution: The Constitutional Monarchy of England was established.

What I'm talking about is very simple, and you can see it on Wikipedia.

First, the Kingdom of England began to colonize the entire British Isles in the 11th century.

First, the English annexed the Welsh state in the west by all means. Relying on the advantage of his size, he gradually conquered assimilation.

Then there is the repeated pressure on Scotland.

Then there is the occupation and infiltration of Ireland across the sea. The English, the conquest and assimilation of the Celts indigenous to the three islands, and the complex tangled relationships that stretched from the Middle Ages to modern times. The repression and discrimination against the Irish eventually forced the Irish to become independent.

Though. The English played tricks and left Northern Ireland behind. However, because of the Brexit scandal, the Scots also used the independence referendum to test London's nerves.

The Kingdom of England, especially the Norman-Anjou assimilation of England, attempted to unify the conquest of the entire British Isles, mainly because of the need to relieve worries. Expand a solid rear territory. So that the king is able.

Do your best to participate in the struggle for land, throne, and hegemony with France.

The effects were as follows: first, it was clear that the assimilation of Wales by the English, the suppression of Scotland, the infiltration of Ireland. While expanding their population and territory, they also plundered a lot of wealth.

In the middle of the British Isles. As a result of its long participation in wars of conquest against the indigenous Celtic peoples, the feudal army of England was sufficiently trained. Let them participate in the war for hegemony on the European continent with France.

Although, in the end, the attempt of the British to advance on the European continent failed. But the British nevertheless exhausted all means to secure themselves with a solid rear for intervention on the European continent. On the cusp of new route development and geographical discovery.

Let yourself be able to take off, wholeheartedly and without scruples.

The later Industrial Revolution was fueled by the burning of coal from Scottish mines, the steam engine invented by the Scotsman James Watt.

It is not known if it was due to the strength of the English or the limitations. Or the intervention of France. It's just that the Romans couldn't do it back then, whether it was the British or the English, there was still no way to do it.

The English still had no way to fully assimilate the Scots and the Irish. After the decline of England. The resentment of the oppressed indigenous peoples exploded.

The Irish eventually became independent. A great empire that has dominated the world for 200 years has never been able to handle it even at its own doorstep and back garden. This greatly limits its size.

Answer]: a, c

Italy is the birthplace of humanist literary manuscripts, Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio are the pioneers of the Renaissance and are known as the "three literary masters" of the Renaissance; Raphael, Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci are known as the "Three Masters of Fine Arts" of the Renaissance. Items A and C are correct. At the heart of the Renaissance was humanism, which advocated humanism rather than God-centeredness, believed that man was the creator and master of real life, and demanded the affirmation of human value and dignity.

Item B is incorrect. The Enlightenment was an anti-feudal, anti-church bourgeois ideological and cultural emancipation movement that took place in Europe in the century, and under the influence of the Enlightenment, a vigorous revolution broke out in France. Item D is incorrect.

In the 18th century, the two perspectives from which Europeans defined civilization were ().

a.Through a portrayal of civilization with the ancient Middle Ages.

b.Tongsheng Lingye has compared the civilizations inside and outside Europe at that time.

c.Distinction is made by the definition of slavery.

d.After the primitive society, it was shouted that it was a civilized society.

Correct answer: ab