What is the onset season for schistosomiasis5

Schistosomiasis can be infected all year round, but is most likely to be contracted between April and October, when temperatures are warmer. The peak season of schistosomiasis infection varies from region to region, from occupation to occupation, and to people with different habits.

In winter, when the weather is cold and the water in rivers, lakes and ponds freezes or dries up, infective snails rarely or even do not escape cercariae, forming a long non-susceptible season for schistosomiasis, and infection is not easy to occur. However, in some schistosomiasis-endemic areas, winter temperatures are not necessarily very low, and infection can still occur.

Spring has a lot of rain and a warm climate, which is the most suitable for snail activities. In addition, people are busy with spring plowing and production, and the number of times they go into the water is more, so there is more chance of infection.

In summer, the temperature is high, and the number of people who swim and bathe in lakes and rivers is large, and the exposure time to infected water is long, and the area of body exposure is also large. In addition, in some areas such as Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, and along the Yangtze River, the number of infected people is likely to increase due to the increase in the number of people who have been launched during the flood season. In general, acute schistosomiasis infections are most common in the summer.

The autumn temperature is also suitable for snail activities, and it is a good season for fishing, and residents in Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake and other areas along the lake have gone to the lake to fish and catch shrimp, and rapid pollution often occurs. Therefore, autumn is also an important season for schistosomiasis infection.

It is usually between June and August.

Answer: B

Analysis: Acute schistosomiasis often manifests as leaky bridge fever, allergic reactions, diarrhea, vomiting, hepatosplenomegaly, cough, wheezing, chest pain, etc. (b).

Schistosomiasis has existed in China for at least 2,100 years.

History and current situation of schistosomiasis in China:

Schistosomiasis, commonly known as "pot-bellied disease", is caused by humans or mammals such as cattle, sheep, and pigs.

Infection with schistosomiasis, an infectious disease and parasitic disease. Schistosomiasis is endemic in 76 countries and regions around the world, and 19 species of schistosomiasis infect humans. in China, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia in Asia.

The popular schistosomiasis is called Schistosoma japonicum because it was first discovered in Japan by the Japanese. Only Schistosoma japonicum, referred to as Schistosomiasis, is endemic in China.

The history of schistosomiasis epidemics in China can be traced back to 2000 years ago. China in the 70s of the last century in Jiangling, Hubei and Changsha, Hunan.

Schistosomiasis eggs were found in ancient corpses (livers and intestines) of the Western Han Dynasty excavated in two places, confirming that schistosomiasis has been prevalent in China for at least 2,100 years.

The People's Republic of China was

Later, from 1956 to 1957, China carried out a comprehensive survey and pilot control of schistosomiasis. After more than 50 years of effective control, schistosomiasis has been eliminated or controlled in most endemic areas in China.

However, it was ***.

The schistosomiasis of the "plague god" in the poem was killed and quietly made a comeback. In the second half of 2003, Gao Qiang, executive vice minister of the Ministry of Health, reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the current situation of prevention and control of major infectious diseases, saying that there are currently schistosomiasis outbreaks in 427 counties (cities and districts) across the country, with a threatened population of about 65 million people and 810,000 patients. Among them, 110 counties (cities and districts) in 7 provinces, including Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, are the main endemic areas.

Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake.

Some mountainous areas of Sichuan and Yunnan are severely affected areas.

The epidemic of schistosomiasis is consistent with the geographical distribution of snails. According to the statistics of relevant departments, from 2001 to 2002, the area of newly discovered snails in the country increased from 5.9 million square meters to 11.51 million square meters. At present, the distribution area of snails in the country has reached 2.22 million hectares, and there are more than 12 million cases of schistosomiasis.

The country is based on Yueyang, Hunan, and Jingzhou, Hubei.

The most severe outbreaks of schistosomiasis are in two regions.

A: Human schistosomiasis infection is mainly characterized by acute or chronic enteritis, liver cirrhosis, severe diarrhea, anemia, and emaciation.

Schistosomiasis can cause anemia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness, etc., and in severe cases, death.

Schistosoma has no symptoms in the early stage, but if it is left untreated for a long time, sometimes you will feel weak in your legs and feel weak. If you do not carry out **, depending on your physique, sooner or later you will enter the middle and late stages, liver ascites will appear, and then the belly will become larger, and the limbs will be very thin. If it is carried out**, the disease generally has no effect on the person.

Insistence**,**Do not contact the infected water during and after the process, there is a possibility of **!!

Weakness, emaciation, inability to eat, yellowing of the face, etc.

What are the symptoms there?Clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis: the main symptoms in the acute stage are rash, fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. Chronic phase: asymptomatic or chronic diarrhea or dysentery.

Schistosoma is mainly distributed in 346 counties (cities and districts) in 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong. Outbreak: More than 12 million patients, 1.2 million sick cattle and 14.8 billion m of snails.

So how can we prevent schistosomiasis?

Schistosoma japoiconum infects humans through contact with epidemic water. Therefore, avoiding or reducing exposure to infected water in production and life is the most effective way to prevent schistosomiasis.

Practice good hygiene: Humans and animals should not excrete feces in places where there are snails to prevent feces from polluting water sources and ensure safe drinking water.

The onset is acute, with chills, fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and mild enlargement of the liver and spleen. Recurrent and repeated schistosomiasis infections most often present as chronic schistosomiasis. Mild cases have no symptoms.

Severe cases often have abdominal pain, diarrhea and mucus and bloody stools, and varying degrees of anemia, emaciation, malnutrition, and hepatosplenomegaly. Patients with advanced disease developed cirrhosis, ascites, and portal hypertension. Patients often die from liver compromise and massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

When a person comes into contact with water containing schistosoma cercariae, the cercariae quickly adsorb on the human **, and after about 10 20 seconds, the cercariae pass through the ** into the human body, and the person is infected with schistosomiasis. After schistosoma eggs fall into the water with human feces, under suitable temperature and water quality conditions, after a certain period of time, the eggs hatch out of the larvae, which have many slender hairs around the body and can move, when encountering a kind of snail called "snail" in the water, the larvae will drill into the soft part of the body that extends outward, and develop and reproduce into a large number of cercariae in the body of the snail. When the snail crawls in the water or on the stems and leaves of plants with water droplets, the cercariae leave the snail and enter the water, at this time, if people go into the water (such as fishing in the lake area, hunting lake grass, flood control, disaster relief, etc.) or walk barefoot on the ridge of the countryside, there is a possibility of infection with schistosomiasis.

Schistosoma cercariae mainly invade the human body through **. However, according to research, drinking raw water containing cercariae can also infect schistosomiasis, indicating that cercariae can enter the human body through the oral mucosa. Once we understand the interconnections between snails, cercariae, water bodies and people, it is not difficult to understand how schistosomiasis is transmitted and how people cannot be infected with schistosomiasis.

Answer]: C This is a memory question. To assess students' knowledge of the geographical distribution of schistosomiasis.

**The error rate is not high. Common missales: Optional answers"a"，"Schistosomiasis in Egypt"It is prevalent mainly in most countries in Africa; Optional"b"，"Schistosomiasis"It is mainly endemic in Africa, South America and the Caribbean island countries; Optional"e"，"Intercalculating schistosomiasis"It is mainly endemic in West and Central African countries.

The epidemiology of schistosomiasis should be reviewed. The geographical distribution of schistosomiasis epidemics is mainly prevalent in Japan.