What are the general good ways to copy circuit boards and what are the general steps

PCB circuit board copy method and steps.

The first step is to get a PCB, first record the model, parameters, and positions of all components on paper, especially the direction of the diode, the transistor, and the direction of the IC notch. It is best to use a digital camera to take two pictures of the position of the energy parts**.

In the second step, remove all the components and remove the tin from the pad holes. Clean the PCB with alcohol, and then put it in the scanner, the scanner needs to slightly increase the scanning pixels in order to get a clearer image, start the pohtoshop, sweep the silk screen surface in color, save the file and print it out for later use.

The third step is to lightly polish the top layer and bottom layer with sandpaper, polish until the copper film is shiny, put it in the scanner, start Photoshop, and sweep the two layers in color. Note that the PCB must be placed horizontally and vertically inside the scanner, otherwise the scanned image will not be usable and the file will be saved.

The fourth step is to adjust the contrast and brightness of the canvas to make the contrast between the part with the copper coating and the part without the copper coating strong, and then turn this picture to black and white, check whether the lines are clear, if not, repeat this step. If it is clear, save the image as a black and white BMP format file, and if you find that the graphics are problematic, you can also use Photoshop to patch and correct.

The fifth step is to convert the two BMP files to the Protel format files respectively, and call in the two layers in Protel, such as the positions of the pad and VIA of the two layers basically coincide, indicating that the first few steps are done well, if there is a deviation, repeat the third step.

Sixth, convert the bmp of the top layer to the silk layer, which is the yellow layer, and then you can trace the line in the top layer, and place the device according to the drawing in the second step. Delete the silk layer when you're done.

The seventh step is to convert the BMP of the bot layer to the silk layer, which is the yellow layer, and then you can draw the line in the bot layer. Delete the silk layer when you're done.

The eighth step is to transfer and transfer in protel, and it is OK to combine them into one diagram.

Step 9: Use a laser printer to print the top layer and bottom layer on the transparencies (1:1 ratio), put the film on the PCB, compare whether there is any error, if it is correct, you are done.

Other: If it is a multi-layer board, it is necessary to carefully polish to the inner layer inside, and repeat the steps from the third to the ninth at the same time, of course, the naming of the graphics is also different, according to the number of layers, the general double-sided board copy board is much simpler than the multi-layer board, and the multi-layer board copy board is prone to misalignment, so the multi-layer board copy board should be particularly careful and careful (the internal through hole and non-through hole are easy to have problems).

Comparison of four copying software.

1、bmp2pcb

The earliest copy software, which was actually just a BMP to PCB software, has now been eliminated!

Features: Convert the scanned BMP to PCB file and draw on 99SE or AD.

2、quickpcb2005

It is a copy board software that supports color.,There is a cracked version.。

Disadvantages: less functions, no support for irregular pads, no network, copper pouring is a problem.

3. CBR features: similar to QuickPCB2005, but the function is much more powerful than QuickPCB2005. As for performance, it's hard to make statements. If you are willing to spend money, you can buy one and give it a try.

Disadvantages: There is no cracked version at the moment, and it is charged.

4、pmpcb

Features:This is also charged,The function is really powerful,It's different from the above,This can be directly imported on 99SE or AD color** for copying the board (provided that you run their copying software)。 As for performance, it's hard to make statements.

If you are willing to spend money, you can buy one and give it a try.

Disadvantages: There is no cracked version at the moment, and it is charged.

In a narrow sense, copying only refers to the process of extracting and restoring PCB files of electronic circuit boards and using files to clone circuit boards; Broadly speaking, copying board not only includes technical processes such as circuit board file extraction, circuit board cloning, circuit board imitation, etc., but also includes modification of circuit board files (i.e., changing boards), extraction of three-dimensional data and model imitation (i.e., copying) of electronic product shape molds, imitation of various electronic components on electronic product circuit boards, decryption of encrypted chips or single-chip microcomputers on circuit boards, and disassembly of system software of electronic products.

Copying board is also called cloning or imitation, which is to conduct reverse technical research on the designed PCB board; That is, to use PCB software to copy other people's circuit boards, that is, to use circuit design software to draw a piece according to the shape of other people's circuit boards and then make circuit boards yourself. With the continuous development of copy board technology, the influence and scope of the copy board industry continues to expand, and the definition of copy board is also constantly improving and expanding.