What are the precautions for first aid? What are the first aid measures at the scene?

The characteristics of acute and critical illness can be summarized as: emergency, critical, serious and dangerous, so medical personnel should pay attention to the following when rescuing critically ill patients

1.Race against time and make a decisive decision.

The condition of critically ill patients is acute and changes rapidly. Moreover, many critically ill patients are in extreme pain and danger, and for some patients, time is of the essence, which requires medical staff to establish a concept of time. In a short period of time, complete accurate examinations, make correct diagnoses, take decisive and effective rescue measures, and conscientiously devote themselves to the work of rescuing critically ill patients.

Moreover, in the rescue work, they can obey the mobilization, obey the command, cooperate with each other, and use various rescue measures quickly, accurately and decisively, so that the patients can turn the crisis into safety. And any blind observation, passive waiting, procrastination of time is not allowed and immoral.

2.Selfless and risk-taking.

In order to get patients out of danger, medical personnel must not only have extensive medical knowledge and skilled rescue techniques, but also have the spirit of selflessness and not fear fatigue because of their long working hours, and prevent the occurrence of emotions such as impatience and boredom. In the rescue work, it is immoral to plan for oneself in the first place and disregard the life and death of the patient. The kind of work attitude and style that is steady, indecisive, and afraid of wolves and tigers is not advisable.

It is also immoral to act recklessly for the sake of limelight, fame and fortune, and disregard for the safety of patients.

3.Together, we do our best.

The condition of critically ill patients is complex, and the rescue work of emergency patients is often not completed by one person or one department, but depends on the joint efforts of multiple medical personnel or even multiple departments. This requires all medical personnel participating in the rescue to establish the spirit of unity and cooperation, and the medical personnel and departments in each department should do a good job of unity, respect each other, support each other, take the initiative to cooperate, cooperate closely, take into account the overall situation, form a collective of unity and fighting, and do their best to save the lives of patients. However, in the face of critically ill patients who need to be rescued in a coordinated manner, medical staff find excuses to refuse support, or pass the buck to each other in the rescue, and do not take responsibility for each other, thus losing the opportunity to rescue and endangering the patient's life, which is contrary to the requirements of medical ethics.

On-site first aid measures include judging whether the patient has vital signs, whether he is conscious, whether he has a pulse, whether he is breathing, whether he has active bleeding, etc.; For those who are unconscious, have no pulse, no breathing, no rupture of important parts of the body, no organ outflow or decapitation, immediately carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the spot, do 30 chest compressions, 2 artificial respirations, and continue until the emergency personnel arrive at the scene.

Patients with active bleeding should immediately take measures that can be taken on the spot to stop the bleeding, personnel who have not received first aid training can directly compress the wound to stop bleeding, and personnel who have received first aid training can take acupressure hemostasis, direct compression hemostasis and cloth belt tightening hemostasis to stop bleeding.

In cases of fractures and spinal injuries, the patient should be immediately moved to safety for further management if the environment is dangerous. If the environment is safe, the patient can not be moved to avoid secondary injury caused by unprofessional movement; If you have a head or neck injury, do not turn your head at will.

The most basic on-site first aid knowledge and skills include cardiopulmonary resuscitation, airway obstruction first aid (Heimlich maneuver), trauma first aid four basic first aid techniques (hemostasis, bandaging, fixation, and handling).

a.Confirm whether the patient's airway is blocked by the chain (correct answer) bIf breathing has stopped, a cardiopulmonary resonance mask must be performed immediately.

c.Check for bleeding (correct answer).

d.Give water to a conscious or semi-comatose person.