The living conditions of the people in the early Ming Dynasty of China 30

From the Han Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, the living standards of our people were gradually rising, the Ming Dynasty was the most prosperous period in Chinese history, the people were the most prosperous period, and China was the happiest country in the world at that time. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Hongwu issued an order to plant "mulberry, hemp, and cotton" in addition to rice in order to make the peasants self-sufficient in food and clothing, which eventually prompted the peasants to carry out a handicraft industry that could be used for silk and cotton for textiles with profits and became popular, which was a reason for the development of industry and commerce in the south of the Yangtze River.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the people's livelihood conditions were very good, although Zhu Yuanzhang killed **, the people got benefits.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, although Zhu Yuanzhang killed a lot of **, he implemented a policy of recuperation and recuperation for the country, and implemented benevolent government for the people.

Historical background from 1336 to 1338-1350.

The Ming Dynasty was founded in 1368, and yours is the Yuan Dynasty.

The most intuitive way to examine ancient Chinese history to reflect the living conditions of the people of a certain dynasty is actually to look at the household registration system at that time. One of the major characteristics of the household registration system in the Ming Dynasty is that the people of the whole country should divide the household registration according to their occupation, and once the division is completed, it cannot be changed and has been hereditary. To put it bluntly, those who sell tofu will always be those who sell tofu, and their children will always sell tofu.

He who farms the land has always been the farmer. This institutionally solidifies the rise of social mobility, so that the people adhere to their own trades, and the rulers are more convenient to manage and control.

In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, the common people were divided into three categories: civilian, artisan and military. Although the cost of supporting the professional army is relatively high, the combat effectiveness is also relatively strong, and it can deal with internal and external troubles and other wars in a timely manner. The establishment of the craftsman is actually following the system of the Yuan Dynasty, and the interior is also very refined, and there are many types, such as kitchen service, tailor, horse household, boat household, weaving, etc.

During the reign of Zhu Yuanzhang, a huge government-run handicraft workshop was established, with more than 200,000 craftsmen in it, mainly for the needs of the nobles, the court and other upper levels of society.

The subordinate people were mainly composed of peasants, and the main obligation of these people was to bear the land tax and forced labor. There are also policies to assist in the management of the people, such as the Yellow Book, the Fish Scale Book, and the Lijia system. Among them, the yellow book is a detailed population statistics, which must be re-checked every ten years, and the fish scale book is more like the civil affairs statistics of the county.

The Lijia system can be understood as the most basic administrative organization similar to the current "village committee". At that time, the neighbors also supervised and took care of each other, and if there was anything wrong, they had to report it, and it was strictly forbidden to be idle. In this way, the peasants at the grassroots level were basically controlled.

However, on the other hand, the economy of the Ming Dynasty was relatively developed, and the cultural industry was also relatively developed, so even under such a strict system, the life of the people at the bottom could also be enjoyed and not boring, and the culture of the citizens also developed.

The living standards of the common people in the Ming Dynasty were still good, the state attached great importance to agriculture and economic development, and social security was also very strict.

The living standards of the people are also very good, and the income of the people in the Ming Dynasty is relatively high, and they can basically do without worrying about food and clothing.

To understand the real Ming Dynasty, we should take the records of Europeans who came to China in the late Ming Dynasty as the standard, and passed through the Manchu Qing and Manchu compilations"Historical data"I can only refer back to it.

In the late Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty written by the Europeans:

The poorest people wore thick silk and bathed with coals.

Everywhere the rivers and canals are vertical and horizontal, the water conservancy facilities are perfect, and the business is highly developed.

Double cropping rice is common, and vegetables and meat are abundant.

The scale of the handicraft industry was much larger than that of Europe at the same time, and the cost of production was much lower than that of Europe at the same time.

The folk handicraft industry has a strong ability to learn technology, has learned to make clocks and glass, although the manufacturing process is still much worse than the European period of the same period, but the production cost is much lower than the European period of the same period.

Men in the Ming Dynasty wore long hair and braided their jobs, and they were farming and weaving farmers.

In the writings of many scholars in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the Ming Dynasty, which perished in many disasters and disasters, has another side of prosperity: the southeast coast is highly developed economically, the culture of the late Ming Dynasty is also unprecedentedly prosperous, and poetry, opera and even scientific achievements emerge in endlessly.

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, many remnants of the Ming Dynasty also vividly recalled the last years of the Ming Dynasty with the ultimate pen and ink"Bustling"Life. It seems that the death of the Ming Dynasty, which ended sadly, is so regrettable.

So what is the case?

If you look closely at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, there is a lot about the Ming Dynasty"Bustling"However, it is not difficult to find a feature: most of the records are mainly concentrated in the economically developed areas of the southeast coast. About life at the end of the Ming Dynasty"Bustling"The records are also mainly concentrated on the scholar class at that time.

The social situation that has emerged is that land annexation is serious, the government is chaotic and dark, and the peasants' livelihood is difficult.