What should patients with myocardial infarction pay attention to? What should I look out for in a he

In terms of diet, we should pay attention to a low-salt, low-sugar, and low-fat diet, try to eat more green vegetables and fruits, exercise moderately to control weight, and maintain a calm mood and a peaceful mind. Avoid overwork, strenuous exercise, emotional excitement or staying up late, and at the same time ensure the smooth flow of stool, and actively ** constipation.

2.Take medication on time and regularly, need to adhere to oral antiplatelet drugs and lipid-regulating drugs for a long time, need to monitor blood sugar and blood pressure, and patients with hypertension and hyperglycemia need to adhere to medication for a long time.

3.Regular follow-up, the indicators of the review include electrocardiogram to see if there are new lesions, and cardiac ultrasound is used to evaluate the patient's heart function and whether there is further damage to the structure. Complete blood routine, liver and kidney function, muscle enzymes, blood lipids, blood glucose, coagulation function, fecal occult blood tests, these tests can evaluate whether the patient has anemia, platelet abnormalities, liver and kidney damage, whether there is rhabdomyolysis, whether there is coagulation abnormalities caused by antiplatelet drugs or gastrointestinal bleeding.

Acute myocardial infarction** methods are currently divided into the following situations:

1. Conservative**: that is, drugs**, including aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, heparin anticoagulation and antithrombosis, statins lipid-toning**, nitroglycerin, fast-acting heart pills, isosorbide nitrate drugs, receptor blockers like betalux, and ACE inhibitors or ARB drugs, such as captopril, benazepril, irbesartan, valsartan and other drugs;

2. Thrombolysis**: Intravenous thrombolysis is injected into the blood vessel through drugs, such as urokinase, alteplase, urokinase and other drugs, so that the thrombus is dissolved and the blood vessel is reopened;

3. Intervention: It is the best method at present, with little trauma and fast recovery, and the occluded blood vessels are opened through balloons, guidewires, and stents through minimally invasive intervention, so that the blood flow can be restored, which is the most obvious and best effect, and it is also the most respected method at present;

4. Emergency bypass: At present, there are very few hospitals that can do this kind of surgery, and many patients do not accept it. Therefore, the most recommended method for acute myocardial infarction is to perform PCI surgery in the emergency department, which is very fast and can be opened quickly, and the effect is very obvious, while the thrombolysis rate of thrombolysis is only 60%-70%, not to mention conservative, the effect is worse.

Therefore, for patients with acute myocardial infarction, acute PCI should be selected first, and if the conditions do not allow, thrombolysis can be done first, and then transfer to a hospital that can do PCI for PCI surgery.

Regular re-examinations should be carried out, and the first, third, sixth and first months after discharge should be re-examined in the hospital.

Patients with myocardial infarction should not eat too much. Excessive diet can cause intestinal bleeding and reduce myocardial blood supply, and fatty and sweet foods will increase the viscosity of blood, so that blood circulation is not smooth, resulting in a decrease in cardiac blood supply, and it is easy to induce myocardial infarction again. Therefore, patients should be allowed to eat more fruits and vegetables, eat a light diet, keep the stool smooth, avoid overeating, and develop the habit of not smoking or drinking.

The diet at the onset of 2 to 3 days should be based on liquid foods such as soybean milk, lotus root flour, gruel, and vegetable juice. Later, as the symptoms improve, semi-liquid foods such as porridge, noodles, bread, biscuits, and other easily digestible foods should be gradually increased. Tea can be drunk, alcohol and tobacco should be prohibited.

Myocardial infarction with reeds is (Reference, documentation).

Refers to myocardial ischemia and necrosis caused by obstruction of the blood supply to the heart. Patients need to seek medical attention immediately after the occurrence of a myocardial infarction for related treatments**. The following are the precautions that patients should pay attention to before, during, and during the recovery period of myocardial infarction:

Precautions before myocardial infarction:1Control of risk factors:

Maintain an appropriate weight, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and engage in regular physical activity to control diseases such as high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. 2.Know your family history:

For people with a family history of heart disease, it's even more important to pay attention to heart health. 3.Regular medical check-ups:

Cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar tests are performed to detect abnormalities in vascular diseases in a timely manner. Precautions in the event of a myocardial infarction:1

Seek medical attention in time: If you have symptoms such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and sweating, you should seek medical attention immediately. 2.

Don't rush to drive a vehicle: Avoid driving a vehicle yourself after symptoms have occurred. 3.

Follow your doctor's advice: Follow your doctor's instructions for taking your medications** and don't stop or change your dosage. Precautions for the recovery period of myocardial infarction:

1.Exercise: Exercise moderately under the guidance of a doctor to improve heart function and prevent secondary attacks.

Rift 2Eat wisely: Choose a diet low in fat, salt and rich in dietary fiber, control your weight, and avoid excessive intake of saturated fat and cholesterol.

3.Psychological care: Positive face of illness, maintain a good mood, and avoid mood swings and stress.

In general, patients with early myocardial infarction should seek medical attention in a timely manner and accept the disadvantages of the old man, and make relevant lifestyle adjustments according to the doctor's advice to maintain heart health.

The precautions for patients with myocardial infarction are as follows:

1. Patients need to take drugs in strict accordance with the doctor's instructions in the prescribed dosage range, so as to avoid missing the dose, increasing or decreasing the dosage of the drug and stopping the medication.

2. It is also necessary to maintain a good attitude, avoid large mood swings, and avoid strenuous exercise. Especially in patients with acute myocardial infarction, it is necessary to pay more attention to avoid dry and heavy physical labor, so as not to increase the load on the heart and cause complications of heart rupture.

3. Tanlu usually needs to pay more attention to ensure adequate sleep and eat less foods with high salt and high cholesterol.

4. It is also necessary to pay more attention to the prevention of some underlying diseases, such as regular examination of electrocardiogram, blood routine, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure measurement, etc.

Reasonable exercise: choose the appropriate exercise method according to personal physique, step by step, avoid strenuous exercise, and do aerobic exercise.

Standardized medication: follow the doctor's instructions, do not change the dosage of the drug and stop the drug at will, and insist on taking the drug for people with other chronic diseases.

1 Avoid excessive and sudden exertion The common causes of myocardial infarction in elderly patients with coronary heart disease mainly include: engaging in heavy physical labor, and sudden exertion due to constipation. Because in this state, breath-holding is required, which will inevitably lead to myocardial ischemia and induce myocardial infarction.

2. Pay attention to weather changes at any time, and the self-resistance of patients with coronary heart disease is very low, and the body is more sensitive to temperature changes. When it is cold, the coronary arteries will spasm, leading to myocardial infarction, so when strong cold air comes, patients with coronary heart disease should pay attention to cold and warmth. Medical data show that low temperature, rain and strong wind are one of the important causes of acute myocardial infarction.

3. Self-cultivation and mental relaxation should be handled calmly and avoid excitement when encountering anything. There have been reports of a retired elderly man who was overexcited due to winning money while playing mahjong, resulting in a myocardial infarction. Therefore, people with coronary heart disease should be calm and not alarmed.

4 When there are signs of myocardial infarction, it is necessary to deal with it in timeBefore the onset of myocardial infarction, 70% of patients have aura symptoms, so they should know how to recognize the aura symptoms of myocardial infarction and take the correct treatment method. The main aura symptoms are manifested in the following points: (1) Sudden angina pectoris, which is significantly more severe.

2) Pain accompanied by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sweating or significant slowing of heartbeat. (3) The symptoms of angina pectoris are more serious than before, and there is no obvious effect after taking nitroglycerin. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as pulmonary edema and wheezing, a drop in blood pressure, and even shock.

4) Obvious abnormality in electrocardiogram.

1 minute to learn health knowledge.

Clause.

1. Be sure to pay attention to your diet and exercise. A low-salt and low-fat diet must limit the intake of salt and fat, eat more brown rice, vegetables, and fruits, which can significantly reduce the occurrence of myocardial infarction.

Clause. Second, life should be regular, you must not stay up late often, you must combine work and rest, ensure adequate sleep, and it is best to go to bed early and get up late.

Clause. 3. For patients who smoke and drink, they must quit smoking and drinking, because tobacco and alcohol can cause coronary artery spasm and induce myocardial infarction.

Clause. Fourth, it is necessary to add or subtract clothes in time according to the change of weather, because the weather becomes cold, if we do not keep warm in time, the blood vessels will constrict, and myocardial infarction will occur.

Clause. 5. For some elderly people, especially those with constipation, they must keep their stool smooth and do not have myocardial infarction when they are straining to defecate.

Clause. 6. For patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipids must be strictly controlled to avoid myocardial infarction, and blood lipids should be reduced to the lowest range, and blood pressure and blood sugar must be within the standard range.

Clause. 7. If the patient already suffers from coronary heart disease, he must take medication regularly, have regular check-ups, and must insist on taking aspirin, statins, nitrates, and auxiliary drugs such as Danshen Dripping Pills, Ginkgo Biloba Preparation or Xuesaitong Tablets to reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction.

Here are a few things to keep in mind:

1. Coronary arteriosclerosis is an important prerequisite for the occurrence of myocardial infarction, therefore, maintaining the elasticity of coronary arteries to avoid the formation of blood clots and shedding plaques in the body is the key point in preventing myocardial infarction.

2. Quit smoking: cigarettes contain many harmful substances, and long-term smoking may damage the vascular endothelium, resulting in a decrease in the elasticity of blood vessels.

3. Low-fat diet: In people with high blood lipids, excess fat adheres to the blood vessel wall, which will promote the hardening of the blood vessel wall, reduce the elasticity, and induce myocardial infarction.

4. Pay attention to weather changes: abnormal climate will lead to spasm and contraction of blood vessels, and the blood supply of coronary arteries will be reduced suddenly.

5. Control emotions: Mood fluctuations will cause the nerves innervating blood vessels to constrict to be uncontrolled, and myocardial ischemia during excessive and long-lasting contractions, so excessive mood swings should be avoided in daily life.

1. Reduce salt intake.

In order to avoid the occurrence of a heart attack, you need to pay more attention to your diet. Minimize salty foods. If you consume too much salt in your body, your blood pressure will rise, causing spasms in your arteries.

In addition, excessive salt intake can easily cause water and sodium retention in the body, which greatly increases the burden on the heart, and even increases the blood volume in the body, which is more likely to cause insufficient blood supply to the heart and lead to myocardial infarction. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should not exceed 4g of salt intake per day.

2. Eat small, frequent meals.

A diet low in salt, fat and sugar can have an effective effect on the protection of the heart. Especially if you have a chronic illness, try to eat small and frequent meals, and you can eat separately several times a day. Don't overeat or be overly hungry, as this can cause heart attack symptoms.

At the same time, you can eat more fresh vegetables, such as fruits, carrots, etc., you can also drink more boiled water, and try not to consume food again an hour before going to bed at night to avoid increasing the burden on the body.

3. Low-fat diet.

Blood vessels need to be well protected, long-term intake of too much high-fat food will cause the fat in the blood vessel wall to increase, resulting in a decrease in blood vessel blood flow velocity, so in the daily diet, you need to pay attention to low fat and low cholesterol, reduce fat accumulation in the blood vessels, and avoid the appearance of myocardial infarction. In addition, you can choose sesame oil, peanut oil, etc., which can avoid too much oil, and eat more soy products, which is also good for lowering cholesterol.

4. Control your body's caloric intake.

Obese patients are more likely to have a heart attack, and the excess fat accumulated in the heart will compress the heart muscle, resulting in a decrease in heart muscle function. Therefore, it is necessary to control the weight and avoid excessive total calorie intake in the body. A daily intake of 25-30 grams of calories is optimal.

Myocardial infarction refers to the blood vessels of the heart, the left main trunk and its branches, the anterior descending artery, the circumflex branch and the right coronary artery, due to atherosclerosis, resulting in the narrowing of the lumen, on the basis of stenosis, plaque rupture, thrombosis formation, thrombosis completely or partially blocked blood vessels, causing acute myocardial insufficiency, resulting in myocardial necrosis, and the best prevention of acute myocardial infarction is a healthy lifestyle, low salt, low fat, low sugar, light diet, exercise**, regular life, good attitude, don't stay up late. At the same time, if there are other chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, we must go through active hypoglycemia, blood pressure, lipid lowering**, if it is smoking, we must quit smoking, if we drink, reduce alcohol intake, because smoking is harmful to the human body, a small amount of alcohol has certain benefits to the human body, but long-term alcoholism, will produce a series of clinical sequelae, we must pay attention, only adhere to a healthy lifestyle, actively ** chronic diseases, regular follow-up, In order to effectively prevent the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease, especially the occurrence of myocardial infarction.