What are the main disease control methods for green onions, onions, garlic and leeks?

Green onions, shallots, ginger, garlic, leeks and other vegetables are usually seasoned vegetables that we usually use more in our lives, and the common insect pests mainly include seed flies, allium thrips, green onion leaf miners, leek jumping blind bugs and leek root maggots. Let's learn how to control these pests.

The green onion seed fly mainly harms garlic, onion and onion, and sometimes leeks. The seeds and young stems and roots after sowing are infested by larvae, so that the seeds cannot germinate and the seedlings die. Planting flies in the green onion field eats the underground garlic cloves after planting, which will cause the garlic cloves to crack, the aboveground part to yellow, and the whole plant to die.

The application of organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed, and the fertilizer should be evenly and deeply applied and isolated from the seeds, and the soil should be covered immediately after application, and the seedlings should be selected and the soil should be sown in due time. The moisture is moderately dry and wet, and after the occurrence of maggot damage, it can be flooded with water, once every other day, and 2 times in a row.

Onion thrips are mainly harmful to green onions, garlic, onions, leeks, melons, and nightshade vegetables, and use adults and nymphs to suck the epidermis of the host heart leaves, young stems, shoots and other tissues, and absorb the juice. Long strips of white spots appeared on the affected area, and in severe cases, the green onion leaves were twisted and yellowed, shriveled and drooped, and a variety of crop virus diseases were transmitted. It occurs severely in dry and rainy and warm environmental conditions.

Remove the dead leaves and burn them outside the field, and turn the land deep in time to reduce the source of insects. Water lightly to prevent drought and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Taking advantage of the blue-trending habit of thrips, a blue plate coated with organic oil was set up in the field to trap them.

The leaf lover flies eat the mesophyll in the leaf tissues with larvae, forming a tortuous insect path, and only the upper and lower epidermis are left in the infested place, which can make the whole leaf wither and reduce the yield in severe cases.

You can use 2000 times of 98% Bataan soluble powder, or 20% imidacloprid solvent 2000 times, or 20% good year emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times, or 10% broma emulsifiable concentrate, chrysanthemum emulsifiable concentrate 1500-2000 times, or 40% Qixingbao emulsifiable concentrate 600-800 times, pay attention to the umbilical cord timely alternate spraying.

Leek late-eyed mosquito is also known as leek maggot, which is mainly harmful to leeks, green onions and garlic. Leeks are the most affected. The larvae swarm the underground bulbs and tender stems of leeks, causing the bulbs to rot and the leek leaves to wither and die.

At worst, it will cause lack of plants and broken ridges, and at worst, it will destroy seeds. The larvae prefer moisture and are afraid of dryness, wet loam soil, juicy young stems and bulbs are seriously damaged.

The first is to choose varieties with strong resistance to diseases and pests, the best water and fertilizer management, scientific fertilization, proper watering, and the second is to spray drugs to prevent and control.

Agricultural prevention and control: remove the dead leaves and burn them outside the field, turn the land deep in time, and reduce the source of insects. Water lightly to prevent drought and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Physical control: Using the blue-trending habit of thrips, a blue plate coated with organic oil was set up in the field to trap and kill.

I think that it is possible to spray the bactericide regularly during the growing season, so that it can effectively prevent diseases.

Today, Mingyu takes us to learn about the common pests and diseases and preventive measures when planting green onions.

1. Leaf miner fly: mainly harms leaves, and the larvae sneak into the skin to eat mesophyll, leaving the epidermal worm tract, which is white thread due to the loss of green.

2. Allium thrips: mainly harms the leaves, sucks the mesophyll to form white spots, and in severe cases, the whole leaf is grayish-white due to the loss of green.

3. Allium maggot: It mainly harms the white, stems and roots underground, causing stem rot and leaf wilting, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken gongs.

4. Green onion purple spot disease: harmful to green leaves, the lesion starts from a small white spot and gradually expands to 3-5 cm, which is fusiform or jujube kernel, the largest lesion is up to 6-7 cm, slightly concave and dark purple, so it is called purple spot disease.

5. Green onion downy mildew: the diseased plant is twisted and deformed, dwarfed, with large yellowish-white, oval lesions like water impregnation, and the leaves are drooping and dry.

6. Green onion rust: commonly known as red gangrene, it is a devastating disease in green onion producing areas. The lesions occur on the surface of tubular leaves and flower stems, which are round, oval or spindle-shaped at first, erect with the direction of the leaf veins, and gradually turn dark yellow to orange-brown, raised, scattered, and spots of different sizes.

Diseased plants wilt, dry up, and even lodging, resulting in reduced yields.

Onion and garlic rust is caused by the fungus green onion and garlic infected with the fungus allium rust.

First of all, the occurrence of rust has a great relationship with the resistance of onion and garlic crop varieties. Therefore, it is very important to plant onion and garlic vegetable crops and choose rust-resistant varieties.

Secondly, because the overwintering or oversummering of pathogenic bacteria is mainly on plant disease residues, and pathogenic bacteria mainly exist in the soil of plots, reasonable crop rotation and stubble reversal is also an important way to prevent this disease. In addition, the crop rotation should be selected in a flat plot with higher terrain. When rotating crops, pay attention to avoid continuous cropping with onions, garlic and leeks and other crops, and rotate crops for more than two years.

The main reason for its appearance is that there is a special flora in it, and then the formation of this disease, if you want to prevent it well, the best way is to spray some pesticides.

In order to reduce costs, many farmers will choose to cut off the leaves of the garlic seedlings and sell them in the market after they have grown. The stems in the ground are preserved, waiting for new leaves to grow. However, continuous stubble planting will reduce the mineral content and disease resistance of onion and garlic, while rust fungi will overwinter on onion and garlic, which is easy to bring rust to planting in the next year.

Insufficient soil fertility: Green onion and garlic crops have higher requirements for soil fertility. If the soil fertility is insufficient to meet their nutrient needs, plants become resistant to stress and unable to resist the invasion of rust.

Poor soil drainage is prone to rust after cool spring and summer, because these two periods are not high temperatures and excessive precipitation, which is consistent with the growth and spread of rust fungi. If the ground is not drained in time, rust will grow. Caused by bacterial infection under high temperature and humidity.

To strengthen daily management, attention should be paid to timely medication. Garlic and green onions were planted, which led to rust due to crop rotation and the surrounding rusty wheat fields. Northeast people also like to eat green onions raw, dipped in whole sauce and eaten, which tastes very fragrant; Many places like to eat raw garlic.

When you go out to a restaurant to eat flour, you'll find a big bowl of raw garlic on every table. It can be seen that onions and garlic are indispensable to people, and the market prospect of planting onions and garlic is good, so the farmers who plant onions and garlic in a large area are gradually increasing. However, many farmers find that onions and garlic have rust, but they don't know how to prevent it.

High planting density, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, dense fields, or low-lying terrain, easy to accumulate water, etc. , will increase humidity, which is conducive to the occurrence and epidemic of rust.

The planting density in the field is high, which is easy to cause rust. Green onions, garlic, rust are planted because of possible high temperatures, excessive rainfall, continuous cropping. The pathogenic bacteria overwinter on the diseased plants in the form of winter spores and summer spores, forming the primary source of infection.

With the help of spore airflow, it invades the green onion to form summer spores. The spores form a re-infection agent during the summer months and spread to surrounding plants. Onions, ginger and garlic are the most common seasoning crops in daily life and are an indispensable part of many dishes, especially when dealing with meaty foods.

Green onions, ginger, and garlic are often the most important.

The first point is likely to be that there are some diseases in the soil, so it will cause this phenomenon, the second point is likely to have some special bacteria, which should be paid attention to at this time, and the third point is that if you want to prevent and control it well, you should spray relevant pesticides.

This is mainly due to continuous heavy cropping, or insufficient soil fertility, or it may be caused by poor drainage. Prevention and control should be carried out according to the density of planting, as well as the use of fertilizer, and the phenomenon of water accumulation must be avoided.

The most important thing is related to the bacteria in the soil, at this time it may be that there are too many bacteria in the soil, be sure to spray pesticides regularly, pay attention to ventilation, and try not to plant too densely.

Garlic and green onions are an indispensable vegetable in everyone's kitchen, and it is also a condiment, it is said that in the early days, Buddhists thought that green onions and garlic were all meat dishes, so they did not eat them at all, but now people are not so strict, and feel that this is just an ordinary vegetable. When green onions and garlic grow to the middle and late stages, because the temperature is rising, the difference between temperature and humidity is relatively large, and the pesticide spraying is not timely, so it is easy to rust, and some reddish-brown spots will appear on the leaves. <>

The rust of green onions and garlic is also called jaundice, the reason why this phenomenon occurs is because there are fungi and pests and diseases in the leaves, and after the leaves are affected by pests and diseases, the bacteria will spread rapidly, especially in a very warm and humid environment, and the virus spreads very quickly. After this disease invades green onions and garlic, the normal yield of vegetables will be affected, and the yield will generally be reduced by about 30%, or even more. These rings will have some raised spots at the beginning, and after the disease worsens, these spots will break and there will be a rust-colored powder.

The rust-colored powder will gradually spread outward, and then the entire leaf will be covered with all over the leaf until the leaf dries up and the whole plant dies. The reason for the appearance of jaundice of green onions and garlic is generally that the humidity is relatively high, and the vegetable varieties selected at the time of planting have poor virus resistance, coupled with unqualified management in the later stage, such a phenomenon will occur. <>

For example, sometimes the weather is bad, the humidity of the air is relatively large, and it is easy to have foggy weather, and the temperature often fluctuates, and it is easy to have that kind of rainy weather, and those relatively weak garlic varieties are very susceptible to pests and diseases. It is easier to prevent jaundice in green onions and garlic, but it is more difficult**. If you usually find yellowish spots on the leaves of green onions and garlic in the museum, you should spray pesticides in time to prevent it.

Before planting garlic and vegetables, be sure to choose a good garlic variety and don't plant the same variety on the same field for a long time.

It can be caused by poor soil drainage, or it can be caused by insufficient soil fertility. It is necessary to do a good job in water and fertilizer management, scientific fertilization, proper watering, and spraying drugs to prevent and control pests and diseases.

Rust is a fungal disease that can occur all year round in warm areas, because rust is not resistant to high temperatures, and is most suitable for its growth in the temperature range of 9 18, and the incidence will gradually decrease above 22. In warm areas, the temperature is suitable, so the pathogen is suitable for growth, and the spores of the pathogen will be splashed on the allium vegetables with the wind and rain, and they will infect each other among the same genus, causing epidemics.

1. Choose varieties with strong disease resistance.

Some green onion and garlic varieties are sensitive to rust, so through years of planting experience, you can choose those varieties with strong disease resistance and eliminate those that are susceptible.

2. Crop rotation. The rotation of green onions and garlic is not a rotation between the same genus, but can be rotated with corn, wheat and other food crops, melons and other crops. Avoid continuous cropping or intercropping between allium genera.

3. Strengthen cultivation management.

Strengthen the field management of green onions and garlic to enhance the disease resistance of the plants themselves. Drain water in time after rain to reduce the humidity in the field, and the garlic and green onions in the severely affected plots should be harvested as soon as possible.

4. Drug prevention and control.

In early spring, pay attention to field inspection, find the center of the diseased plants, and then immediately spray the control, can expand the spraying range of more than 2 meters, and then make a decision to see the development of the disease.

I think it may be caused by pests and diseases, or not choosing the right fertilizer; At this time, it is necessary to improve the fertility of the soil, renovate the diseased soil, control the temperature, ensure the right humidity, and maintain air permeability.

Summary. 1. Soft rot of green onion is a bacterial disease, which is very easy to develop in a high temperature and high humidity environment, and it is necessary to pay attention to the humidity in the field at ordinary times, so as not to rot the roots due to excessive water accumulation, and to avoid damage to the plants when cultivating the soil, and can be sprayed with agricultural streptomycin sulfate to prevent and control the disease.

1. Soft rot of green onion is a bacterial disease, which is very easy to get sick in a high temperature and high humidity environment, and it is necessary to pay attention to the humidity in the field at ordinary times, so as not to stagnant water and rot the roots.

2. Purple spot disease of green onion mainly harms the leaves and peduncle trembling keys, the lesion appears at the onset of water-stained white porphyry rock spots, and then gradually becomes light brown round or spindle-shaped, the disease is more serious in summer, and the eggplant should be reasonably rotated when cultivating green onions, and organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to improve plant disease resistance.

3. Onion rust onion rust mainly harms the stems, leaves and flower stalks of green onions, the lesions show orange-yellow or black-brown sores when the disease occurs in Laoshan, and the rust-colored powder is exuded at the later stage of the lesions, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased at ordinary times, and mancozeb containing high zinc, chlorothalonil and other drugs should be sprayed in the early stage of the disease, and the drug should be used once every 10 days, and sprayed 2-3 times in a row.

4. Submarine flies are mainly harmed by larvae, they will eat in the leaves of green onions, and constantly gnaw on the mesophyll tissue, resulting in a decline in its yield and quality, so the green onion Bilu shed should be fully cleared after harvesting, and the diseased plants should be taken out of the field, and then the soil should be turned deep to eliminate the eggs that overwinter under the ground, or spray with avermectin.

That's how to deal with pests.