What are the advantages of a commodity economy over a natural economy?

In short: the commodity economy can promote the survival of the fittest in the middle of the market; Maximize the optimal allocation of resources;

(1) Its basic characteristics are: production in the family unit, the combination of agriculture and cottage industry, "male ploughing and female weaving", and basic self-sufficiency.

2) Compared with other economies, it has the following characteristics:

Since production is carried out in a household unit, it is decentralized;

It is closed because it is basically self-sufficient and rarely connected to the market;

Due to its small production scale, it is impossible to accumulate too much, and it is easy to go bankrupt in the event of natural and man-made disasters, so it is vulnerable;

Because of its simple division of labor, small scale, it is difficult to expand reproduction, and there is no desire to improve technology, so it is conservative;

However, because of this, it is also tenaciously reproducible.

History. 1. The state ownership of land in the pre-Qin period: the well field system.

1) Development process: It began to be implemented in the Shang Dynasty, prevailed in the Western Zhou Dynasty, collapsed in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was abolished in the Warring States Period.

2) Disintegration and its causes: In the Spring and Autumn Period, the use of iron farming tools and ox ploughing (the root cause), the development of productive forces, and the production mode of the well-field system could not meet the needs of the development of productive forces; Many private fields appeared; wars are frequent, and the labor force is decreasing; Lu Guo and others carried out the reform of the tax system, which promoted the gradual transformation of land from state-owned to private, gradually formed the exploitation mode of feudal land ownership, and gradually disintegrated the well-field system. The traditional small-scale peasant economy disintegrated after the Opium War.

2. Land ownership in feudal society

1) The formation of feudal land ownership. During the Warring States period, the vassal states successively carried out the reform movement. Feudalism was eventually established in the countries. Among them, the Shang Dynasty of the Qin State was the most thorough, abolishing the well field system and establishing the feudal land ownership system in the form of law.

2) Characteristics of feudal land ownership.

Feudal land ownership existed in China for more than 2,000 years; Feudal landlords relied on political and economic privileges to annex peasant land in large quantities; The vast number of peasants had little or no land, were exploited and oppressed by the feudal landlords and the state, and lived in poverty.

3) Tuntian system (Three Kingdoms).

Most of the products are self-produced, and a small amount of money needs to be purchased with the money of the materials produced by themselves, and they are basically self-sufficient, living comfortably and comfortably, greatly affected by natural conditions, and at the same time having to serve hard labor.

The natural economy is self-sufficient, with very little commodity exchange. The closed nature of the natural economy, backward production technology, and small scale of production.

The conservative nature of the natural economy is to follow the old ways and ignore technological innovation and creation.

The natural economy is simple reproduction.

FYI.

The natural economy has the following characteristics: It is compatible with the low level of social productivity, people's economic relations and economic activities are basically confined to the economic unit, and the scale of production is very narrow; It takes self-sufficiency as the purpose of production, and self-sufficiency in material production is the essential feature of this economic form. The forms of labor exchange and economic relations in the natural economy are direct.

Natural economy. Commodity economy, market economy.

The differences are different in terms of economic form, historical results of division of labor, etc.

1. Different economic forms The natural economy is an economic form characterized by self-sufficiency. It is associated with lower social productivity.

An economic form that is commensurate with the level of development. The commodity economy is an economic form based on socialized large-scale production and aimed at direct exchange, which encompasses and macroscopic commodity production and commodity circulation.

2. Different division of labor Under the natural economic conditions, the social division of labor does not develop; The scale of production is small; Labour productivity.

The development of social productive forces is very slow. Under the conditions of commodity economy, the social division of labor has been continuously deepened and refined; The scale of production is increasing day by day; Labor productivity is increasing day by day, and social productive forces are developing rapidly.

3. The historical results are different in feudal society.

At the end of the period, with the rapid development of social productive forces and commodity-money relations, the natural economy gradually disintegrated, and finally was replaced by the capitalist commodity economy. The development of commodity economy is a necessary stage in the development of production in human society.

4. The sum of commodity production and commodity exchange is the commodity economy. The market economy is a socialized commodity economy and an economy in which the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources. Commodity economy focuses on an economic form, which reflects a product exchange method adopted by people in the process of production and circulation, and its counterpart is the natural economy; The market economy focuses on an economic operation mechanism, which is the passage of economic resources through the market mechanism.

to configure an economic mode of operation, which corresponds to the planned economy.

The time of appearance is different. The commodity economy appeared in the front, and the market economy appeared in the back, and only when the commodity economy developed to the stage of socialized large-scale production could a market economy be formed.

Extended information: The commodity economy is the premise and foundation for the existence and development of the market economy, and the market economy is the inevitable result of the existence and development of the commodity economy. The market economy is a socialized commodity economy and a prudent way of allocating resources that is objectively required by the commodity economy in the stage of socialized large-scale production.

The differences are as follows: 1) Purpose.

Natural economy: self-sufficiency.

Commodity Economy: Exchange.

Market Economy: Resource Allocation.

2) Social formation.

Natural economy: the basic economy of primitive, slave, feudal society.

Commodity economy: emerged at the end of the primitive period, dominated by capitalist society.

A social division of labor emerged, and the means of production and the products of labor belonged to different owners.

Market Economy: A highly developed commodity economy.

The market economy is the product of the development of the commodity economy to a certain stage, and it is the manifestation of the developed commodity economy and the form of the current chain.

The market economy is a commodity economy in which the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources after the market has developed.

The market economy is a socialized, monetized, and open commodity economy.

3) Productivity.

Natural economy: low.

The level of productive forces is very low, the scale of production is small, and the social division of labor is extremely underdeveloped.

Commodity Economy: Relatively high.

The social productive forces are relatively high and the social division of labor is relatively developed.

Market Economy: High.

Socialized mass production.

The monetization of economic relations, the full involvement of financial markets, financial instruments and financial instruments in the operation of the economy.

4) Corresponding to the category of spring knowledge.

Natural economy – commodity economy.

Market economy – planned economy.

What is a natural economy, a commodity economy, and a market economy?

The market economy is a commodity economy in which the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources.

The commodity economy is a form of economy that directly aims at exchange, including commodity production and commodity exchange, and the social division of labor and private ownership are the two basic conditions for the emergence of the commodity economy.

The natural economy is simply a self-sufficient economy with no commodity exchange. It refers to the economic form of production that directly satisfies the needs of the producer as a person or economic unit, rather than for the purpose of exchange. The natural economy, the opposite of the commodity economy, a manifestation of the economy of private ownership.

The natural economy and the commodity economy are two general economic forms, which are two opposing forms, while the planned economy and the market economy are the forms in the market economy.

The difference between natural economy, commodity economy, and market economy:

First, the purpose is different.

1. Natural economy: self-sufficiency.

2. Commodity economy: for exchange.

3. Market economy: for resource allocation.

Second, the social form is not used.

1. Natural economy: the basic economy of primitive, slave and feudal societies.

2. Commodity economy: It emerged at the end of the primitive period, and the capitalist chain society dominated.

3. Market economy: a highly developed commodity economy.

4. The emergence of the social division of labor makes the means of production and the products belong to different owners.

5. The market economy is the product of the development of the commodity economy to a certain stage, the manifestation and modern form of the developed commodity economy, and the commodity economy in which the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources after the market has been developed, and the market economy is a socialized, monetized, and open commodity economy.

The three difficulties and the productivity are different.

1. The level of productivity of the natural economy is very low, the scale of production is narrow, and the social division of labor is extremely underdeveloped.

2. The social productivity of the commodity economy is relatively high, and the social division of labor is relatively developed.

3. The high productivity of the market economy is socialized large-scale production, the monetization of economic relations, and the full involvement of financial markets, financial instruments and financial means in economic operation.

The natural economy refers to the form of self-sufficiency in which men plough and weave women; The commodity economy refers to the economic form of obtaining the living goods of the Ikeino Hall through the exchange of commodities in the market. The commodity economy has the following advantages over the natural economy:

1. Reduce the damage caused by natural disasters to the production of bright and hidden activities.

2. The types of means of subsistence for the production of ridge digging have been greatly increased to better meet people's needs.

3. It is more conducive to the division of labor and improves the labor productivity of the whole society.

The natural economy and the commodity economy are the two basic economic forms that have developed in human society so far. The main differences are as follows:

The natural economy is a self-sufficient form of economy that directly meets the needs of the producer himself or his own economic unit. The commodity economy is an economic form that directly aims at market exchange, which includes commodity production and commodity circulation.

The natural economy is compatible with the lower level of development of the social productive forces, the scale of production is small, the level of social division of labor is low, and there are few economic ties between producers, so its development is relatively slow. Under the conditions of commodity economy, the social division of labor is deepening, and the purpose of producers is to produce for direct market exchange, and different commodity producers are linked together in the market through commodity exchange. The emergence of the commodity economy is not only the result of the development of the productive forces, but also greatly promotes the development of the productive forces of the society.

Two important conditions must be met for the emergence of a commodity economy. The first condition is the social division of labor; Another condition, or decisive condition, is that the means of production and the products belong to different owners.

<>1. There are two historical conditions for the emergence of the commodity economy: first, the emergence of the social division of labor; Second, the means of production and the products and products of labor belong to different owners. The commodity economy has not always existed, but has emerged and developed as the antithesis of the natural economy under certain historical conditions.

2. The natural economy is a form of economy characterized by self-sufficiency. The natural economy is based on decentralized, self-sufficient household production, with a small scale of production, a low social division of labor, and a use-value production purpose. This determines that the natural economy is compatible with the low level of social productive forces and the underdeveloped social division of labor.

In the history of the development of human society, the level of productivity of primitive society, slave society and feudal society was very low, and the social division of labor was extremely underdeveloped, so the natural economy was the basic economic form of these social forms.