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1. A sense of belonging.
The sense of belonging to the group is the centripetal force of the members to the group.
A special expression of emotion. With a sense of belonging, each member will consciously use the norms of the group to demand themselves, speak and do things from the interests of the group, and can also make members coordinate their behavior, support each other, understand each other, regard the difficulties of the group as their own difficulties, and regard the honor of the collective as their own honor. For example, in major international sports events, Chinese athletes have achieved excellent results, and Chinese at home and abroad will be sincerely happy and have a sense of honor; The United States bombed our country in Yugoslavia.
After the embassy, all Chinese, both at home and abroad, rose up one after another to condemn the atrocities of the United States and NATO, and this patriotism and sense of nationality is also a concrete manifestation of a sense of belonging.
When carrying out public relations work, it is necessary to strengthen the sense of belonging of the members of the organization through their own work; At the same time, it is necessary to analyze and study how to overcome the xenophobic tendencies of other organizations and groups due to the sense of belonging, so as to carry out targeted communication and liaison efforts.
2. Identity. Group identity is the emotion that members are cognitively consistent with the group. As a result of this emotion, the members of the group, driven by common interests and interests, are able to maintain the same views on some issues of principle and major events within and outside the group, and have the same feelings, and their opinions tend to be in agreement.
Even if some opinions are not very correct, or even wrong, they can maintain a consistent attitude because of a sense of identity. When a group member has an argument with someone outside the group, other members of the group tend to support the member unconditionally, which is the most typical manifestation of group identity.
The purpose of the internal public relations work of the organization is to make the members of the organization feel a sense of identity with the organization. Only in this way can the cohesion of the organization be strengthened.
Improve morale and form a good organizational psychological atmosphere.
3. A sense of wholeness. The sense of group wholeness refers to the overall sense of awareness of the group members towards the group. In this awareness, group members will perceive the group as an organic whole, rather than a plate of scattered sand.
For a group, the stronger the sense of unity of the members, the more resolute their attitude towards maintaining the overall image of the group, and if the overall sense of the group members is weak, they will not care about the interests and image of the group. Once the sense of unity of the group members is gone, the group is torn apart.
An important goal of organizing and carrying out public relations work, especially public relations work within the organization, is to improve the sense of integrity of the members of the organization, so that the members of the organization identify with the organization and "breathe and share the same destiny" with the organization. Only in this way can the organization continue to progress and develop.
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As a famous modern thinker, philosopher, educator, and one of the early representatives of modern Neo-Confucianism, Liang Shuming profoundly summarized the ten characteristics of Chinese in his book "Essentials of Chinese Culture" published in 1986.
1. Selfishness.
2. Diligence and thrift. 3. Love face.
Fourth, peace is weak.
5. Be content.
Sixth, conservative. 7. Sloppy.
8. Perseverance and cruelty.
9. Resilience and resilience.
10. Mature and old.
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This may be another sign of solidarity.
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Generally, the law does not hold the public accountable for collective behavior.
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In China, group behavior is associated with the unknown truth.
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Basic features:
Regular social interactions.
A social group is a collection of individuals bound by certain social relationships. There is regular interaction between the members of the group. The interpersonal relationship in the social group is based on mutual understanding and certain interests and emotional relationships, and the fleeting interaction cannot form a social group, and the formation and development of the group interaction relationship requires a certain amount of time to communicate.
Relatively stable membership relationships.
Once a group is formed, it has a corresponding membership, and these identities form specific social relations.
Social groups. This social relationship manifests itself in two ways: one is fairly explicit, the other is relatively vague.
For example, the relationship between members of the family is quite clear. Family members are usually composed of parents and children, and the relationship between husband and wife, father and son, mother and child, and siblings is clear and cannot be confused at will. In relatively loose groups, there is also membership.
People who share the same hobbies and often do activities together are accepted by everyone, while people who don't know each other are reluctant to accept them to participate in their activities. This is a manifestation of membership, in which the relationship between members is uncertain but relatively stable.
Have a clear code of conduct.
When a group is first formed, there may be only a simple relationship of mutual recognition. With the development of the group, a stable mode of communication is often formed internally, and then a certain recognized norm is formed, which is used to coordinate the behavior of members to ensure that the function of the group can be realized. Whether it is a simple or informal commitment formed through mutual trust and proximity, or a complex formal rules and regulations, it is a manifestation of certain behavioral norms within the group.
Have a common sense of community.
The unique characteristics of group activities that require members to be consistent in group activities and to distinguish them from those outside the group enable members to clearly distinguish between members within and outside the group, and to see the group as a whole and form a consistent group consciousness. Specifically, group consciousness is also a sense of group belonging, that is, members believe that they belong to a certain group. Once this consciousness is established, the members of the group have a clear sense of distinction from those outside the group, and have corresponding expectations and a sense of belonging to the group.
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Behavior refers to all purposeful activities of people, which is composed of a series of simple actions, and is a general term for all actions expressed in daily life.
The levels of behavior change mainly include: knowledge change, attitude change, individual behavior change, and group behavior change.
1. Change of knowledge. Knowledge change is generally relatively easy to achieve, and it can be achieved through reading, studying, listening to reports, personal training, or information exchange. A change in the structure of one's knowledge can make people realize the need to change their behavior.
2. Change of attitude. Attitude is people's tendency to evaluate things, which is inseparable from people's perception. Attitudes often have a strong emotional component, and they cannot be manipulated by reason.
In addition, changes in attitudes are often influenced by various interpersonal relationships, so it is more difficult than changes in knowledge.
3. Changes in individual behavior. Human behavior is not only determined by human motivation, but also contains the intentional component of attitude. The intentional component of attitude determines the individual's behavioral tendency towards the object of the attitude and plays a preparatory role in the behavior.
Although attitude and behavior are not one-to-one relationships, the influence of attitude on behavior cannot be ignored. The change of behavior is also affected by people's habits, and habits are the result of perennial behaviors, which are important components of a person's personality. As a result, behavioural change is generally more difficult.
4. Changes in group behavior. Group behavior change is more difficult than individual behavior change. Because the group itself is a reinforcing unit, the consciousness, norms, morals, traditions, customs, habits, etc., of the group restricts the behavior of each group member.
The change of group behavior must first be directed at the whole group, not at the individual, so that each group member can be psychologically relieved of pressure and the change of group behavior can be easily accepted.
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Characteristics of an individual's behavior.
In organizational management activities, individual behavior has some general characteristics, which are manifested as:
1. Spontaneity of behavior. Individual behavior occurs automatically with its internal motivation, and external environmental factors can affect the direction and intensity of individual behavior, but cannot initiate individual behavior.
2. Causality of behavior. If we can think of an act as a manifest consequence, then there must be a prior cause for the action; Of course, after the behavior is generated, this behavior may become the cause of the next behavior.
3. Initiative in behavior. Individual behavior is not blind, the production of any behavior is by no means accidental, and any behavior is governed by the consciousness of the individual. The actor may not be consciously aware of the reasons for his or her actions, but this in no way proves that he or she is not under the control of his or her own consciousness.
4. Persistence of behavior. Since the behavior is purposeful and occurs on the individual's own initiative, it usually does not stop until the individual has reached his or her goal.
5. Variability of behavior. Individuals are pursuing their personal goals and the changing circumstances of their environment, choosing the most advantageous way to achieve their personal goals.
Individual behavior is relative to group behavior. In a general sense, it refers to the actions taken by individuals that conform to or do not conform to certain norms under the control of certain ideological understanding, emotion, will, and belief.
Factors influencing individual behavior.
The movement of anything has its internal and external causes, and human behavior is no exception. We can look for the factors that affect individual behavior from both internal and external aspects.
1. Personal subjective internal factors: physiological factors, psychological factors, cultural factors and economic factors.
2. Objective external environmental factors: the internal environmental factors of the organization and the external environmental factors of the organization.
Individual behavior vs. group behavior.
Group behavior determines the direction of individual behavior, and individual behavior is the embodiment of group behavior.
A group is made up of individuals, therefore, group behavior is inseparable from individual behavior, but group behavior is not a simple addition of individual behavior. The reason is that when a group brings its members together, it has the consciousness and purpose of the group, and has its specific social nature, and the activity effect of the group reflects the situation of the whole actor, and is no longer transferred by the consciousness and purpose of the individual.
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Spontaneity of behavior.
Causality of behavior.
Initiative of behavior.
Persistence of behavior.
Variability in behavior.
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