Hydrolysis of salt solutions, hydrolysis of chemical salts

1、naclo

Strong alkali weak salt, hydrolyzed, the solution is alkaline.

naclo+h2o===na+ +oh- +hclo2、na2s

Strong alkali weak salt, hydrolyzed, the solution is alkaline.

Na2S+2H2O===2Na+ +2Oh- +H2S3, sodium phenol.

Hydrolyzed, the solution is alkaline.

C6H5ONa+H2O===Na+ +OH- +C6H5OH4, NAF strong alkali weak salt, hydrolyzed, the solution is alkaline.

naf+h2o===na+ +oh- +hf5、nabr

Strong alkali and strong salt, no hydrolysis, and the solution is neutral.

6、nh4no3

Strong acid and weak alkali salt, hydrolyzed, the solution is acidic.

nh4no3+h2o===nh4oh + h+ +no3（-）7、cu（no3）2

Strong acid and weak alkali salt, hydrolyzed, the solution is acidic.

cu（no3）2+2h2o===cu（oh）2 + 2h+ +2no3（-）

8、fe（no3）3

Strong acid and weak alkali salt, hydrolyzed, the solution is acidic.

fe（no3）3+3h2o===fe（oh）3 + 3h+ +3no3（-）

9、mgcl2

Strong acid, weak alkali (medium strong) salt, hydrolyzed, solution acidic.

mgcl2+2h2o===mg（oh）2 + 2h+ +2cl-10、cacl2

Strong alkali and strong salt, no hydrolysis, and the solution is neutral.

1 energy, Na+ ClO- base.

2-energy, 2Na+ S2- base.

3 can, Na+ sodium phenol sodium removed, add a negative charge, alkali.

4 can, Na+ F- base.

5 can, na+ br- medium.

6 can, NH4+ NO3- acid.

7 can, Cu2+ 2NO3- acid.

8 can, Fe3+ 3NO3- acid.

9 can, mg2+ 2cl- acid.

10 N, Ca2+ 2Cl-in.

Before you go to review this question, the judgment of strong acid and strong alkali, weak acid and weak alkali.

Ammonia is directly and mildly ionized out of OH-, and produces a small amount of NH4+, which is the most alkaline.

Ammonium bicarbonate is both ionized to produce H+ and hydrolyzed to OH-, which is generally slightly alkaline, and the double hydrolysis of NH4+ and HCO3- promotes each other and has a loss.

Ammonium chloride NH4+ slight hydrolysis loss, weak acidity;

The NH4+ of ammonium sulfate is twice the concentration of ammonium chloride, mildly hydrolyzed, more acidic than ammonium chloride, and NH4+ is the highest;

The H+ of ammonium hydrogen is produced by complete ionization, and the acidity is the highest, but although NH4+ or jujube is the least hydrolyzed, the concentration is not as good as that of ammonium sulfate.

So: NH4+ 5 4 2 3 1

pH 1 3 2 5 4

Ammonium concentration from large to small: 5 4 2 3 1

pH from high to small: 1 5 4 3 2

1 should be Na2CO3. Because the hydrolysis of carbonate by Na2CO3 produces one bicarbonate and one hydroxide, one anion is hydrolyzed into two anions. While the others are not hydrolyzed, the anions are unchanged.

2 Because the weak acid itself will be weakly ionized to generate H ions and X ions, and the measured C [Na+] " C[X-] in the mixed solution I think the X ion should be -2 valence, so that it is possible C [Na+] " C[X-] Assuming that in 1mol of weak acid and 1mol of weak salt, the acid X ion must be greater than 1mol, and the weak acid is less than 1mol due to ionization, so C[Hx]"C[X-]

na2co3

Just write about the ions present in each substance.

kbr k+ br- h+ oh-

Mg(OH)2 is almost insoluble in water, so the anions are only OH-Na2CO3 NA+ H+ CO32- (will hydrolyze to form HCO3- and OH-) HCO3- OH-

MgSO4 Mg2+ (will be hydrolyzed to produce H+) H+ SO42- OH-

The process in which the ions of salt in solution are ionized with the H+ or OH- ionized by water to form a weak electrolyte is called the hydrolysis of salts. Hydrolysis conditions of salts: salt trapped means that they must be dissolved in water, and the salt must be able to ionize weak acid ions or weak alkali cations.

This is the definition of hydrolysis, and the actual Wang Chan is paired with remembering the most critical one. The salt must be able to ionize weak acid root ions or weak base cations.

If my is helpful to you, please choose it as a satisfactory answer in time, thank you.

If you have any questions, please ask and wish you progress in your studies!

Hydrolysis is actually good for the equilibrium of the code, mainly to grasp the three equilibrium equations in the solution, the conservation of charge, the conservation of materials and the conservancy of protons, and then it is not difficult to analyze them one by one in combination with the problem.

Again, your teacher should have talked about these three conservations.........Dispatch of judges....

The equilibrium constant, the conversion rate, are all related to equilibrium, but they are not the same.

The equilibrium constant k is only related to temperature, and the temperature is constant, which has nothing to do with the initial concentration, that is, a certain temperature, regardless of the initial state, when the equilibrium is reached, the concentration of each substance in the reaction satisfies a certain crack ridge relation.

The conversion rate is as much related to temperature as it is to concentration.

There are two sentences for the hydrolysis of salts: "the thinner the hydrolysis, and the hotter the hydrolysis".

In the previous sentence, that is, the concentration is low, the degree of hydrolysis is large, that is, the conversion rate is large.

However, there is still a relationship between the two, and at a certain temperature and a certain starting concentration, the two can be calculated.

Take a + H2O ==B + C as an example.

Assuming that the hydrolysis conversion rate is a and the initial concentration is c, the concentrations are respectively at equilibrium.

a：c(1-a)

b：cac：ca

k=(ca)^2/[c(1-a)]=ca^2/（1-a）c=k(1-a)/a^2

k is a fixed value at a certain temperature, and the above function about the warning of c is a subtraction function of the variable a, so the larger c is, the smaller a is, that is, the greater the concentration, the smaller the degree of hydrolysis, and conversely, the smaller the concentration of liangzhou, the greater the degree of hydrolysis.

For the question:

1. The degree of hydrolysis (a) is obviously determined by both k and c.

See previous conclusions.

4. The equilibrium constant is a fixed value at a certain temperature, which means that the product of the concentration of each product and the product of the concentration of reactants when the equilibrium is reached, and the conversion rate is the ratio of the product of the reaction to the initial concentration of the product, and the two cannot be directly compared.

1.Heating Sakura slag -- Reducing [The temperature increases, the hydrolytic equilibrium shifts to the right, and the concentration of hydrogen ions increases. 】 2.

Add water -- increase [dilution, the hydrolytic equilibrium shifts to the right, but the concentration of hydrogen ions decreases.] 】 3.Add NH3 gas -- elevate [generate alkali -- ammonia ridge quiet] 4

Add NH4Cl solids -- reduce [assuming it can be dissolved.] The equilibrium of hydrolysis is shifted to the right, and the concentration of hydrogen ions increases. 】 5.

Add HCl gas -- reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions and shift the hydrolysis equilibrium to the left. 】 6.The addition of NaOH solids -- an increase in the concentration of hydroxide ions can barely be called a right shift in the hydrolytic equilibrium. 】

1. Add this heat: OH concentration decreases. Decomposition produces ammonia, hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid aqueous) 2, concentration plus water: concentration increases.

3. Add NH3: the concentration is reduced, NH3 becomes ammonia after absorbing water, and OH is reduced.

4. Add NH4Cl solids: OH tries to reduce, because NH4Cl also participates in the hydrolysis reaction of ants.

5. Add HCl: HCl produces hydrochloric acid when exposed to water. OH concentration decreases.

6. Add NaOH: the concentration remains unchanged, NH4Cl + NaOH = NaCl + NH3 + H2OReaction balance.

If you don't know if it's correct, please advise.

1. Heating: Heating promotes the ionization of water. The OH- ions ionized by water are combined with NH4 to form a solution that is acidic.

2. Concentration plus water: the concentration is reduced. The amount of substance with water oh- increases, but the volume of water increases and c decreases according to n division by v.

3. Add NH3: The brightness of the concentrated index increases, and NH3 reacts with water to form ammonia, but the volume of water is reduced, and C increases according to N by V.

4. Add NH4Cl solids and reduce the concentration: because the mass of NH4Cl increases, the only OH substance required for sales also increases, and the concentration decreases.

5. Add HCl: HCL is ionized by H+ when the water is bonded, which inhibits the ionization of water and reduces the ionization of OH.

6. Add NaOH:,NH4Cl+NaOH=NaCl+NH3+H2Oreaction, but this is an exothermic reaction, the annoyed heat promotes ionization of whom, and the solubility of OH ionized by water increases.