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Language is an important tool for human communication. Wherever there are human beings, there will be language. How many languages are there in the world?
According to the Handbook on Linguistics and Tools for Language Communication, published by the GDR, 5,651 languages have now been identified in the world. Of these languages, there are more than 1,400 languages that have not yet been recognized as separate languages, or are in the process of dying. For example, in Australia, where only 250 languages are spoken by more than 40,000 people, and these Aboriginal Australians have had to use English, these languages have long been in decline.
In the United States, too, there are many languages that are dying. For example, the North American Indians have 170 languages, many of which are spoken by only a small percentage of people today. Their children and grandchildren no longer understand the language of their ancestors and are accustomed to using English.
Many common languages have gradually become the communicative language of other peoples or countries, and have become second languages. For example, there is a change taking place in Africa, where individual languages have become the communication tools of many tribes and peoples, and they are increasingly replacing the languages of the colonialists who are entrenched here.
In addition, as a result of the war, people are forced to hide in the mountains, forests, or concentrate in a certain area, and the bases of individual language families are greatly reduced, and eventually they will also tend to decline. There are more than 1,110 such languages on the island of New Guinea, Papua-New Guinea and West Irian; There are 280 in the Niger and Benue River regions of West Africa. �
Of the more than 4,200 recognized independent languages, only 500 are well studied, while 1,500 are almost unstudied.
Investigated. Although language can be the basis of writing, language is not equal to writing after all, and despite the great efforts of the scientific and religious circles of various countries, two-quarters of the world's languages still do not have a corresponding script.
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The ranking of the most used languages in the world, English won the championship, and Indian netizens couldn't sit still!
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The least spoken language in the world is Wode, spoken by only 50 people.
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A language called Ubok, which only one person can speak, is Tevk Isenke, 82 years old, who lives in a remote village in Turkey. People were worried that the language would be lost after his death, and in order to rescue the "only language", European scholars recorded every sentence of the old man Ickerson and sorted it out, and found that the Ububo language was extremely complex, with more than 80 phonemes, only 3 vowels and 83 consonants.
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Rub, the language I created myself is the only one I use! Is this less!?
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The most spoken language in the world is Chinese.
According to statistics, most of the thousands of languages that still exist belong to the "ethnic languages" spoken by less than 100,000 people, and some have only a few thousand, or even a few hundred, and 90 of them will disappear after a few generations. There are about 200-250 languages spoken by more than 1 million people, of which 10 are spoken by more than 100 million people, and the total number of speakers exceeds 3.3 billion, accounting for about 55 35 of the global population.
Chinese is analytical, and generally has 2 to 13 tones. The Chinese writing system Chinese characters are a kind of phonetic script, which has both ideographic and phonetic functions. The Chinese language consists of two parts, the spoken language and the written language, the ancient written Chinese is called classical Chinese, and the modern written Chinese is called the vernacular, which is based on the modern standard Chinese.
The 10 languages are:
1. Chinese. 90.7 billion people use it, accounting for about 15 of the global population. China now has 1.26 billion people, the majority of whom speak Chinese, and many ethnic minorities use their own languages.
2. English. With 45.6 billion speakers and more than 1 billion people learning English, it is the most powerful language in the world today, with 75 countries around the world making English an official language.
3 Indian and Di. Primarily in India, Hindi is the official language of 38.3 billion speakers, along with English.
4. Ban Ya language. The population is 36.2 billion.
5. Russian. The population is 29.3 billion.
6. Arabic. The population is 2.8 billion.
7. Bengali. The population is 18.9 billion.
8. Portuguese. The population is 17.7 billion.
9. Malay and Indonesian. The population is 14.7 billion.
10. Japanese. With a population of 12.6 billion, it is the only mono-ethnic language.
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saidChineseThere are many people.
The number of people who speak Chinese in the world is at least 1.5 billion, more than 20% of the world's total population, and it is the official language of China and Singapore, and is also one of the six working languages of the United Nations.
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The ranking of the number of language speakers is as follows:
1. Chinese (Mandarin): Chinese is the most spoken language in the world, with more than 1 billion people using Chinese as their mother tongue.
2. English: English is the second most spoken language in the world, with more than 900 million people speaking English as their mother tongue or second language.
3. Spanish: Spanish is the third most spoken language in the world, with more than 500 million people speaking Spanish as their mother tongue.
4. Arabic: Arabic is one of the most widely spoken languages, with more than 400 million people using Arabic as their mother tongue.
5. Hindi: Hindi is one of the major languages spoken in India, with more than 400 million people speaking Hindi as their mother tongue.
6. Bengali: Bengali is the official language of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, and is spoken by more than 100 million people as their mother tongue.
7. Portuguese: Portuguese is the official language of Portugal, Brazil, and other Portuguese colonies, and is spoken by more than 100 million people.
Characteristics of the language
1. Communicable information: Language is a tool for human beings to communicate and convey information. Through language, people can express thoughts, feelings, wishes, and needs, communicate and communicate.
2. Language rules: Language has certain grammatical rules and structures, including vocabulary, grammar, phonetics and semantics. These rules make the language logical and intelligible.
3. Variability: Language is a dynamic system that is constantly changing and evolving. Vocabulary can produce new words or disappear old words over time and social changes, and grammar and pronunciation may also change.
4. Diversity: There are many different languages in the world, each with its own unique characteristics and structure. The differences between different languages can be reflected in aspects such as vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and pragmatics.
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Experts estimate 4,000-8,000. The Handbook on Linguistics and Communicative Tools, published in Germany, provides a more specific figure: 5,561.
But this is only the existing language, and there are many languages that have disappeared from the world. For example, the famous Goths and Mayans, as well as Hittite, Luvia, Dalmatian, Sumer, and so on. Taking the Chinese language as an example, 17 of the 57 scripts of various ethnic groups have died out, and they are Turkic, Hui, Chagatai, Khotanese, Yanqi, Sogdian, Basipa, Khitan large characters, Khitan small characters, Tangut script, Jurchen script, Dongba pictorial script, Shaba pictorial script, Dongba pictograph, Koba script, Shui script, and Tocharian script.
At least 12 of the 80 languages spoken by the various ethnic groups in China have died out: Khotanese, Sogdian, Tocharian, Koba, Tangut, Dongba, Khitan, Jurchen, Khotanese, Basipa, Chagatai, and Orkhon Yenisei.
What is dead is difficult to resurrect, but what is the existing? According to the Encyclopedia of China, there are more than 60 languages and 40 scripts of various ethnic groups in China, most of which are on the eve of extinction. Quite simply, fewer and fewer people speak these languages, only 6,000 in Menba, 5,000 in Beijing, 5,000 in Baoan, 4,000 in Oroqen, and 1,000 in Hezhe.
These figures were published in the 80s, and how many people still speak these languages today? In the Forbidden City, the hanging gold plaques are written in Manchu, but except for a few experts, no one knows them. This once-prosperous royal family has all spoken Chinese.
According to the Encyclopedia of China, only "there are still a few old Manchu people in rural areas in Aihui and Fufu counties who can speak Manchu", but the book was compiled in 1980, and 15 years later, are these old people still alive?
Of the 5,561 languages, many are in danger of extinction. For example, several small countries in Northern Europe, although they have their own mother tongue, but English has been as popular as Mandarin in China, and in the long run, with the frequent international exchanges, English will be used more and more, but the mother tongue is used less and less, and after a few generations, it is inevitable that the fate of Manchu will be the same.
Every language not only has its own beauty, but also a record of its own history and culture, once it disappears, it will be completely annihilated. The Mayan script was used for 1,500 years, and in the 16th century, it was "destroyed and forgotten due to the Spanish invasion", so the inscriptions on the Mayan stone pillars became unreadable heavenly books. China's Tangut script, which was still in use in the 13th century, has now become a "dead script", and various ancient inscriptions cannot be deciphered.
This is not only a misfortune for language and writing, but also a pity for human culture.
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Chinese.
Chinese, that is, the language of the Han nation, is also known as Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, and Chinese.
The Chinese language has a long history and is the largest number of speakers, with at least 1.5 billion people in the world, accounting for 20% of the world's total population. Chinese is the official language of China, one of the four official languages of Singapore and one of the six working languages of the United Nations.
The Chinese language is mainly spoken in China, as well as in the Chinese community in Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Myanmar, Thailand, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other countries.
Grammatical features: Chinese is an isolated language (analytical), unlike many Indo-European languages with twists and turns, Chinese vocabulary has only one form and no twists and turns such as plural, parts of speech, cases, tenses, etc.
The vast majority of Chinese morphemes are monosyllabic (hand-washed, min-lost). Morphemes and morphemes can be combined to form words (horse + road road road on+off switch).
Some morphemes are words in themselves (hand, wash), while others are not words in themselves and can only be combined with other morphemes to form compound words (民民 lost loss). In modern Chinese, two-syllable words account for the largest proportion.
Most of the diphthongs are created in the compound mode mentioned above. Although some morphemes cannot be used as a word alone in modern Chinese, they are sometimes used as words when borrowing words and sentences from ancient Chinese.
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There are many languages in the world, and Chinese is the most widely spoken language, while English is the most widely spoken. What is the ranking of the top 10 most spoken languages in the world? I think there are the following main aspects.
First of all, English is spoken in 80 countries and regions, and English is the universal language of the world, and it is very convenient to communicate in English, and young people in contemporary society use English to communicate. Secondly, there are very many countries where French is spoken, second only to English. French is known as the most beautiful language in the world, and the French are also very romantic, they are born romantic, and French perfumes are very famous.
Finally, China's population is about 1.4 billion, and there are still 50 million Chinese overseas who speak Chinese, including Singapore and overseas Chinese in various countries. Chinese is becoming more and more internationalized, more and more people in the world are beginning to learn Chinese, China's economic strength is becoming stronger and stronger, and Chinese has also gone to the world and is accepted by more people.
1. English is the fastest language to be accepted, and it is very easy to learn.
English is spoken in 80 countries and regions, and English is the universal language of the world, and it is very convenient to communicate in English, and young people in contemporary society use English to communicate.
Two: French is the second most spoken language, and French speakers are second only to English.
There are very many countries where French is spoken, second only to English. French is known as the most beautiful language in the world, and the French are also very romantic, they are born romantic, and French perfumes are very famous.
Third: Chinese is international.
China's population is about 1.4 billion, and there are still 50 million Chinese overseas who speak Chinese, including Singapore and overseas Chinese in various countries. Chinese is becoming more and more internationalized, more and more people in the world are beginning to learn Chinese, China's economic strength is becoming stronger and stronger, and Chinese has also gone to the world and is accepted by more people.
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The most spoken language in the world is Chinese.
Chinese, also known as Chinese, Mandarin, or Chinese, is one of the most spoken languages in the world. It is the official language of China and the main language in places such as Chinese mainland, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau. In addition, Chinese is also an important minority language in many countries and regions around the world.
Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family and is a syllabic language. It has four basic tones: flat, up, go, and in.
Chinese grammar is more flexible, using word order to indicate the relationships between words in a sentence. The writing system of the Chinese language is based on Chinese characters, which are pictograms and pictograms and expressions, each with a unique pronunciation and meaning.
The Chinese language has a rich vocabulary and expressions, including idioms, colloquialisms, proverbs, etc. The vocabulary and expressions of the Chinese language are also constantly evolving and evolving, reflecting China's historical, cultural, and social changes.
Learning Chinese is becoming more and more important for people around the world. Chinese is one of the official languages of the United Nations, and China's status and influence on the international stage are increasing, so the demand for the Chinese language is also increasing. More and more people are choosing to learn Chinese in order to better understand and communicate with Chinese culture, business, and tourism.
Overall, Chinese is a widely spoken language with a long history, and it carries the rich connotations of Chinese culture. Learning Chinese not only helps people understand China better, but also expands their language skills and opportunities for intercultural communication.
Characteristics of the Chinese language
1. Rich vocabulary: Chinese has a huge vocabulary system, covering vocabulary in various fields, which can express a rich variety of meanings and concepts.
2. Four-tone tone: Chinese is a tonal language with four basic tones, namely flat tone, upper tone, de-tone, and in-tone. The use of tones has an important impact on the meaning of words, and different tones of the same syllable can represent different meanings.
3. Chinese character writing system: Chinese uses Chinese characters as the writing system, and each Chinese character represents a word or a syllable. Chinese characters are highly ideographic, and rich meanings can be expressed through the combination and arrangement of Chinese characters.
4. Flexible grammar: Chinese grammar is flexible, and there are no strict grammatical rules such as tense and voice in languages such as English. Word order can be flexibly adjusted, and changes in word order can change the meaning of sentences.
5. Rich language levels: There are rich idioms, colloquialisms, proverbs and other language levels in Chinese, and these unique expressions enrich the cultural connotation of Chinese.
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