The principle and function of the human lungs.

Theoretically speaking, the functions of the lungs are: the main qi of the lungs belongs to the guard, which is the place where the qi enters and exits, and the division of breathing, which is the pivot of the qi entering and exiting. Help the heart to treat the heart, and the fur is warm**.

The main qi of the lungs belongs to the guard, which is the place where the sect qi enters and exits, and the division breathes, which is the pivot of the qi machine entering and exiting. Help the heart to treat the heart, and the fur is warm**.

Everyone knows that the lungs are respiratory organs. Every breath is a process of gas exchange between the lungs and the outside air. When inhaling, oxygen-rich air entering the lungs will enter the alveoli deep in the lungs, and carry out "gas exchange" with the venous blood with low oxygen content and high carbon dioxide content flowing through the capillaries of the lungs. At the same time, carbon dioxide exhaust gases produced by cellular metabolism in the body enter the alveoli and are expelled with exhalation.

It is this action of the lungs that enables all organs in the body to receive continuous and sufficient oxygen** for normal functioning.

In fact, the lungs do much more than just provide oxygen to the body.

The lungs are one of the organs with the largest amount of blood flowing through the body, and all the blood in the cardiac veins in the body flows through the pulmonary circulation vessels for gas exchange in the lungs. The pulmonary circulation vessels also have a variety of functions:

1. Filtering function. In the venous blood that flows back, if there is particulate matter in suspension or cancer cells, the capillaries of the lungs can play a role in filtering to a certain extent. After this stage of filtration, these harmful particles can no longer flow through the heart to the brain, kidneys and other organs, which plays a protective role in other important organs.

It is for this reason that if a variety of cancers have metastasized to the blood, the lungs are the organs that are most likely to metastasize.

2. Metabolic function. The vascular endothelium of the lungs can synthesize, store, release or activate a variety of active substances and participate in the body's metabolism. The lungs can synthesize lung structural proteins, immunoglobulins and a variety of enzymes, and are also involved in lipid metabolism.

3. Function of storing blood. The pulmonary circulation vessels are characterized by low resistance and large volume, and therefore, they have a strong ability to store blood volume. When exercising vigorously or in some disease states that cause high blood pressure, the capillaries in the lungs can stabilize blood volume and blood pressure by constricting or dilating themselves.

4. Immune response. There are a variety of immune cells in the lungs that can produce a variety of inflammatory mediators, and specific immune responses can occur in diseases such as pathogen infection, allergic diseases, or tumors.

The function of the pulmonary circulation is to allow for the exchange of gases between blood and alveolar air as it flows through the alveoli. Blood from the respiratory tract above the respiratory bronchioles** comes from the bronchial arteries of the systemic circulation. Alveolar blood** comes from the pulmonary arteries, and its branches are mostly accompanied by branches of the bronchi, enter the alveolar septum, and surround the alveolar walls to form alveolar capillaries.

The pulmonary circulation communicates with the terminals of the bronchial vessels with anastomoses. Therefore, a portion of bronchial venous blood can pass through these anastomoses into the pulmonary veins and left atrium, causing about 1% to 2% of venous blood to be mixed into the aortic blood, which is called an anatomical shunt. Unlike the systemic circulation, the pulmonary circulation is characterized by low pressure and low obstruction.

A pulmonary artery catheter is inserted through the vena cava to measure the pressure in the pulmonary circulation. In a normal person, the systolic blood pressure of the right ventricle is about 22 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure is about . A 1

mmhg;The pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure is about 22 mmHg, the diastolic blood pressure is 8 mmHg, and the mean pressure is 13 mmHg; The mean pulmonary capillary pressure measured by indirect methods was 7 mmHg, the pulmonary venous pressure and left atrial pressure were 1-4 mmHgo, and the lung blood volume was about 450 m1, accounting for 9% of the total body blood volume. Lung tissue and pulmonary blood vessels are more expandable, and therefore blood volume in the lungs is more variable. When exhaling forcefully, the pulmonary blood volume can be reduced to 200 m!

Around. On deep inhalation, it can exceed I

000ml。Because the pulmonary blood volume is large and the range of changes is large, the pulmonary circulation can play a role in storing blood. During each respiratory cycle, the amount of blood circulating in the lungs also changes periodically.

During inspiration, the amount of blood returning from the vena cava to the right heart increases due to decreased intrathoracic pressure, and the output of the right ventricle increases. At the same time, due to the expansion of the lungs, the blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation are stretched, and the amount of blood accommodated by the pulmonary circulation increases, and the amount of blood flowing into the left atrium decreases. After a few beats, the dilated pulmonary circulation is filled, and the amount of blood flowing into the left atrium is gradually restored.

The opposite process occurs when exhaling. Thus, at the beginning of inspiration, the arterial pressure decreases to a minimum in the second half of inspiration. Thereafter, it gradually rises upward, reaching its highest in the second half of the exhalation.

This change in blood pressure during the respiratory cycle is called a breathing fluctuation in arterial pressure. This is more pronounced in the presence of volume depletion, so there are means of cardiac preload monitoring according to this principle. The fluid exchange of pulmonary capillaries also has its own characteristics.

The average pulmonary capillary pressure is only 7 mmHg, and the average plasma colloidal osmotic pressure is 25 mmHga, so the ability of the pulmonary capillaries to absorb tissue fluid into the capillaries is stronger, which is conducive to the absorption of fluid in the alveoli and prevents alveolar edema. In some pathological conditions, such as left heart failure, pulmonary venous pressure and capillary hydrostatic pressure are elevated, resulting in pulmonary edema.

The function and function of the lungs can play a role in breathing, and breathing must be rhythmic. If you have difficulty breathing, cough and phlegm, you can choose to take some anti-inflammatory drugs under the guidance of a doctor**, you must pay more attention to rest, ensure adequate sleep, try not to stay in a polluted environment for a long time, and be sure to open the window for ventilation when sleeping at night to keep the indoor air fresh.

The structure of the human lung: the lung is the respiratory organ of the human body, and it is also an important hematopoietic organ of the human body, located in the chest cavity, one on the left and one on the left, covering the heart, the lung has lobules, two on the left and three on the right, a total of five lobes, the lungs pass through the lung system, refers to the trachea, bronchi, etc. are connected with the larynx and the nose, so the larynx is called the portal of the lungs, and the nose of Sun Yu is the outer part of the lungs;

The role of the lungs: the lungs are the organs of gas exchange, located on both sides of the mediastinum in the thoracic cavity, one on the left and one on the left, the main physiological function of the lungs is the main qi division respiration, the main line of water, towards the hundred pulses, the main section, the lung qi to promote the promotion of the suppression of the basic form of operation, the main qi division of breathing, the main line of water refers to the promotion of the lung qi to promote and regulate the infusion and excretion of water throughout the body, towards the hundred veins of the blood is the blood of the whole body through the lungs, through the respiratory movement of the lungs, the exchange of turbid qi inside and outside the body, Then, through the effect of lung qi xuan, the blood rich in clear qi is transported to the whole body through the hundred veins;

The characteristics of the lungs: the highest position in the human organs, so the lungs are called the canopy of the five viscera, because the lung lobes are delicate, not resistant to cold and heat, and easy to be invaded by evil, so it is also called "delicate dirty", for the place of spirit, the master of qi, in the five elements belong to gold, the hand Taiyin lung meridian and the hand Yangming large intestine meridian belong to the lung and the large intestine, so the lung and the large intestine are the surface and the inside.

The lungs are equivalent to the chassis power supply of the computer.

The body filters other gases in the air through the lungs, transports oxygen to the body, and exhales the metabolized carbon dioxide out of the body.

The human body has no lungs, just like a computer has no case power, don't say "down". It's impossible to even turn it on!

The core of the lungs for the human body is the respiratory organs, which are the filtration and discharge of essential gases for the human body.

The lungs are the respiratory organs of the human body and are the main organs that absorb oxygen and expel carbon dioxide.

It should be said that the heart is the engine, the lungs are the oil pipeline, the liver is the fuel tank, and the kidneys are used to exhaust exhaust gases.

My lungs are not very good and healthy right now, because I can't breathe well lately, and it may be because the weather is getting colder!

Do you know how a four-stroke cylinder works? The role of the air intake in the first stroke is the lungs.

The lungs are located in the chest cavity and cover the top of the heart. The lobes of the lungs are two on the left and three on the right, for a total of five. The lungs are connected to the larynx and the nasal cavity, so the larynx is said to be the gateway to the lungs.

In traditional Chinese medicine, the main qi of the lungs and the management of breathing refer to the role of the lungs in presiding over breathing and the qi of the body. The lungs are the place of gas exchange inside and outside the body, the human body inhales fresh air from nature through the lungs, exhales the turbidity in the body, and makes the gas inside and outside the body continue to exchange, so as to ensure the normal progress of human metabolism.

The lungs inhale fresh air and combine it in the lungs to run through the heart veins, so that the heart blood can flow. The main qi of the lungs can not only assist the heart to run blood, but also preside over and regulate the organs and organs of the whole body, and have a regulating effect on the qi of the whole body.

These functions of the lungs have a dredging and regulating effect on the metabolism of fluid in the body, which is mainly manifested in two aspects: one is the propaganda function of the lungs, which mainly regulates the excretion of sweat and makes the discharge of sweat normal.

The second is that lung qi can continuously transport water in the body downward, and through the gasification of the kidneys and bladder, it produces urine and excretes it from the body. This is the role that the lungs play in regulating fluid metabolism.

In addition, the lungs also have the effect of regulating blood throughout the body. Air collects in the lungs through the meridians, and through the breathing of the lungs, the gas is exchanged, and then dredged and distributed throughout the body. Therefore, the normal circulation of blood depends on the normal distribution and regulation of lung qi.

The connotation of the physiological function of the main qi of the lungs includes: the qi of the main body of the lungs and the qi of breathing. The former refers to the fact that all the qi of the body belongs to the lungs, and the latter refers to the respiratory function of the lungs, which realizes the exchange of gases inside and outside the body.

Therefore, the main qi of the lungs refers to the generation and metabolism of qi through the breathing of the lungs, especially for the generation of zongqi. At the same time, due to the breathing of the lungs and its rhythm, it plays an important role in regulating the movement of the whole body qi.

The main physiological functions of the lungs are: the main qi, the division of breathing, the main propaganda and suppression, the passage of waterways, towards the hundred pulses, the main section, is the organ to achieve the exchange of gas inside and outside the body, with the generation of qi (especially the generation of zongqi), the regulation of the rise and fall of qi, the infusion, operation and excretion of water, and the physiological functions of assisting the heart to promote and regulate blood operation.

The so-called "propaganda and distribution" is the announcement and divergence, that is, the upward ascending of the lung qi and the distribution of the outer periphery. The physiological role of the lungs is mainly reflected in three aspects: first, through the gasification of the lungs, the turbidity in the body is discharged; the second is to transfer the fluid and water valley of the spleen to the lungs, spread to the whole body, and reach the fur; The third is to publicize the health qi, regulate the opening and closing of the intestines, and liquefy the metabolized jin into sweat and discharge it from the body.

The main water channel of the lungs refers to the dredging and regulating effect on the distribution, operation and excretion of water throughout the body. The mechanism of action of the Tongkou waterway is that through the promotion of lung qi, the subtle distribution of jin fluid and water valley to the whole body, reaching the fur, and through the promotion of health qi, the main division and regulation of the opening and closing of the intestines and the excretion of water liquid.

Through the suppression of lung qi, the water in the body is transported downward, and becomes the source of urine production, and through the gasification of the kidney and bladder, urine is generated and discharged from the body, so it is also called the lung as "the source above the water" and "the main water of the lungs".

The lungs are facing the hundred veins. Chao has the meaning of "convergence" and "direction". "The lungs are towards the hundred veins", which means that the blood of the whole body must gather in the lungs, through the breathing of the lungs, carry out gas exchange, and through the propaganda and suppression of the lungs, towards the hundred veins of the whole body, and spread to the whole body.

The "healing" effect of the lungs.

"governance", that is, governance and regulation. The role of the lungs in "governing joints" is first reflected in the regulation of the depth, frequency and rhythm of breathing. secondly, it moves with the rhythm of one exhalation and one inhalation, regulating the upward and downward movement of qi; Assists the heart in pushing and regulating the flow of blood; Through the promotion and suppression of lung qi, the infusion, operation and excretion of jin fluid are regulated and regulated.

Therefore, the main lung segment is actually a high-level summary of the physiological function of the lungs.

Western medicine believes that gas exchange is carried out, and traditional Chinese medicine believes that the main physiological function is the main qi division of breathing, the main flow of water, the main pulse of the hundred pulses, and the main joints. Lung Qi is based on Xuanfa and Suppression.