Who was the person who changed the law in the Qin State during the Warring States Period, and how di

Shang martingale, known as Shang martingale change in history. When he changed the law, he touched the interests of conservatives, including the prince's teacher, and when the prince ascended the throne, he lost his most important supporters, and naturally could not escape their ambitions. During the reign of Shang Ying, Shang Ying caused resentment among the Qin nobles because of his stricter law enforcement.

After the death of filial piety, the crown prince Hui Wang Li. In order to avenge his long-cherished grievances, the pious disciples of Gongzi accused Shang Ying of a rebellion attempt and sent officials to arrest him. Shang Ying planned to flee into the Wei state, but the Wei people refused to accept it because their son Ang Zeng lost his master.

Shang Ying had no choice but to return to Qin, but he and his subordinates attacked Zheng (now Huaxian County, Shaanxi), and were defeated and captured. King Hui split the Shang Dynasty and exterminated his clan. The main content of the two changes of Shang Yang The first change of law in 356 BC mainly includes the following points:

1. Enact laws and enact joint laws, and impose heavy penalties for minor crimes. Li Kui's "Book of Laws" was promulgated and put into effect, and the method of joint sitting was added. That is, five families are together, ten families are together, they denounce each other, sit together for the same crime, and those who denounce the "traitor" will be rewarded with the enemy, and those who do not denounce will be beheaded.

One family hid "adultery", and even and Wu sat together for the same crime. The guest house accepts travelers who do not have official certificates, and the host is guilty of the same crime as the "adulterer". 2. Reward military merit and establish a 20-class military merit system.

It is stipulated that the head of the enemy's armor will be rewarded with a first-class knight, one hectare of land, nine acres of house, and one "concubine" who serves hard labor. The higher the title, the greater the corresponding political and economic privileges. Clans and nobles who have no military merits are not allowed to be included in the clan's subordinate register, and cannot enjoy aristocratic privileges.

3. Emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business, rewarding cultivation and weaving, and especially rewarding land reclamation. stipulates: "Those who have cultivated and woven a lot of corn and silk in their own industry shall be restored; Those who are poor and sluggish at the end of things shall be regarded as reaped" (which means that those who do their best to engage in the production of male ploughing and female weaving, and who produce a lot of food and cloth, are exempted from their own servitude; Whoever is engaged in industry and commerce and who is impoverished and bankrupt because of non-production, along with his wife and children, is not a slave in the government).

4. Emphasizing that "the rule of law requires state officials to learn and understand the law", and those who study the law for the common people "take officials as teachers". 5. Change the law into a law. Emphasizing the universality of the law, it has the function of "the world is not the same, but the whole world is one".

6. Misdemeanors are punished heavily, and no forgiveness is given. He advocated that all guilty should be punished. 7. Encourage adultery 8. Use legal means to deprive the old nobility of their privileges.

Such as the abolition of the Shiqing Shilu system. It is stipulated that the nobility of the clan other than the lineage of the monarch shall be revoked without military merits. 9. Strengthen the overall control of the local government and deprive the old aristocracy of its monopoly on local power.

In 350 B.C., the second reform of the law mainly has the following two points: 10, unified weights and measures 1 "open the frontier". In the past, the small field boundary of each acre of field was broken and the large field boundary of each acre of field was broken, and the original "100 steps for mu" was developed into 240 steps for one acre, and the "Qianmo" and "Frontier were re-established".

The state recognized the private rights of landlords and yeoman farmers to land, and openly allowed the sale and purchase of land by law. 2 The county system is universally implemented. In areas where there are no counties, many townships and towns have been consolidated into counties, and a total of 31 new counties have been established.

There are county orders and county officials, which are appointed and dismissed by the monarch.

During the Warring States Period, the person who changed the law of the Qin State was Shang Ying, and in the end he was executed and died.

Shang Ying (about 395 B.C. 338 B.C.), a politician, reformer, thinker, representative of Legalism during the Warring States Period, a native of Weiguo (now Liangzhuang Town, Huang County, Anyang City, Henan Province), a descendant of the monarch of Weiguo, surnamed Gongsun, so it is also known as Wei Marting, Gongsun Marting. Later, because of his meritorious service in the battle of Hexi, he was awarded the title of Shang in 15 Yi, and was called Shang Jun, so he was called Shang Ying.

Shang Ying made Qin a rich and powerful country through the reform of the law, which is known as the "Shang Yang Reform Law" in history. Politically, Shang Ying reformed Qin's household registration, military titles, land system, administrative divisions, taxation, weights and measures, and folk customs, and formulated draconian laws. Economically, Shang Ying advocated emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business, rewarding cultivation and weaving, and militarily, Shang Ying led the Qin army as the commander to recover Hexi.

In 338 BC, Qin Xiaogong died and was succeeded by his son King Qin Huiwen. In the same year that Qin Xiaogong died, Shang Ying was framed for rebellion by Gongzi Qian, and died in Tongdi, and his body was brought back to Xianyang, where he was executed and displayed to the public.

In 338 BC, Qin Xiaogong died, and the crown prince ascended the throne, that is, King Qin Hui. Gongzi Qian and others accused Shang Ying of "wanting to rebel", and King Qin Hui ordered Shang Ying's arrest. Shang Ying fled to the border and wanted to stay in the guest house, but the owner of the guest house did not know that he was Shang Jun, and saw that he did not bring a certificate, so he sued Shang Jun for the law, and the guests who stayed without a certificate were punished.

Shang Ying wanted to go to Wei, but Wei refused to allow him to enter because he had captured Gongzi Ang. He returned to his fiefdom and raised troops to resist, but was defeated and killed, and then ordered to dismantle his body.

It was Shang Ying's transformation, he died of a car split, and the five horses were divided.

The shape is like two opposing classes.

1. Since the Spring and Autumn Period of Oak, due to the popularization and use of iron tools and oxen ploughing, a large amount of wasteland has been reclaimed, and some slave owners have turned the newly reclaimed fields into private property for rent, so that two classes of landlords and peasants have emerged.

2. The needs of feudal economic development. During the Warring States Period, in order to abolish the privileges of the old aristocratic Shiqing Shilu, establish feudal rule, and develop the feudal economy, the new landlord class set off a reform movement in various countries one after another.

3. The need for countries to compete for hegemony. At that time, the competition between the vassal states was fierce, and in order to be in an advantageous position in the struggle for hegemony and not to be annexed by other countries, various countries competed to carry out reforms to enrich the country and strengthen the army.

4. In order to enhance the strength of the Qin State, Qin Xiaogong introduced talents and changed the law to become stronger. So Shang Ying was reused.