From which social class did the important thinkers of the Hundred Schools of Thought come from?

The important thinkers of the period of the controversy came from the scholarly class of society, because these people were not only involved in politics, but also the inheritors of culture.

The controversy refers to the emergence of different schools of thought among intellectuals during the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC, 476 BC) and the Warring States Period (475 BC, 221 BC) and the competition between various schools of thought. The so-called hundred schools of thought mainly refer to Confucianism, Moism, Taoism, Legalism, Yin and Yang, celebrities, vertical and horizontal families, etc. The controversy reflected the fierce and complex political struggles in society at that time, mainly between the emerging landlord class and the declining slave owners.

The cultural ideas of this period laid the foundation of the culture of the entire feudal era and had a very profound impact on ancient Chinese culture.

During the Warring States period, the feudal economy developed rapidly, providing material conditions for the prosperity of academic culture. The great social changes are conducive to promoting the prosperity of ideology and culture. The flourishing of private learning has created a group of knowledgeable thinkers.

The situation of strife among countries has contributed to a social environment of freedom of thought. During the Warring States Period, which was a period of great historical changes, social contradictions were intricately intertwined, and new changes appeared in class relations, so various classes and strata expressed different views on the reality of social changes, put forward various plans, and publicized their own ideas, thus forming a situation in which a hundred schools of thought contended. This is in fact an inevitable reflection of the transformation of the economic base in the ideological field of the superstructure.

In the final analysis, social existence determines social consciousness. Culture at any stage is inevitably a reflection of politics and economics at that stage. The reason why there was a situation of "a hundred schools of thought contending" during the Warring States period was closely related to the socio-economic and political development and changes at that time.

It is a reflection of the drastic social changes, the rapid social and economic development, and the changes in class relations in the ideological field at that time.

1. Confucius. 1. Confucius advocated the rule of etiquette, while Zhaofeng opposed the rule of law. The meaning of rites was very extensive in ancient times, referring to the etiquette and rituals of international communication, the crown, marriage, funeral, sacrifice, feast and other ceremonies of the nobles, including political systems, moral norms, etc.

2. Confucius advocated self-denial and retribution.

3. In terms of education, Confucius advocated the spirit of "teaching without class", "teaching according to aptitude" and "never tiring of learning and teaching people".

4. In terms of morality, he advocates "forgiveness, shame, trustworthiness, sensitivity, benevolence, gentleness, kindness, courtesy, thrift, and letting".

Second, Lao Tzu. 1. Ideologically: Lao Tzu's thought advocates "non-action", Lao Tzu advocates "not being virtuous", "making the people ignorant and desireless", and wants people to return to a state of "non-action" without contradictions.

Lao Tzu advocates "non-action", advocates going with the flow, conforms to heavenly principles, and denies theism.

2. In politics, the Spring Clan: Lao Tzu advocates the rule of inaction and teaching without words. In terms of power, Lao Tzu pays attention to the principle that things must be reversed.

The contention of a hundred schools of thought refers to the emergence of different schools of thought among intellectuals during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC) and the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) and the competition between various family schools.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the achievements of various schools of thought and scholarship complemented the ancient Greek civilization of the same period; The three major philosophical systems represented by Confucius, Laozi, and Mozi. In the Warring States period, a prosperous situation was formed in which hundreds of schools of thought contended.

The list compares the representatives and ideas of each faction of thought:

Warring States period. The contention of a hundred schools of thought laid the foundation for ancient Chinese thought and theory.

The greatest influence on later generations was Confucianism.

and Legalism, the rulers of the Chinese dynasties, except for the Qin Dynasty, which purely used Legalism, and the Taoist ideas practiced in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. China's 2,000-year-old feudal society has always practiced the concept of "yang, confucianism, and yin" governance. That is to say, it is Confucianism that is preached, but what is practiced is the power and law of Legalism.

It is also called "Confucianism is the table, Legalism is the bone".

The basic concept of Legalism originated from Taoism. That is, people often say that "the learning of Shang and Han is based on Huang Lao".Meaning: Shang Ying and Han Feizi.

The basis of the doctrine is ** Yu, Lao Tzu and the Yellow Emperor.

The doctrine of Taoism (there are only fragments of the doctrine of the Yellow Emperor, I don't think much of it) doctrine. Shang Ying and Han Fei advocated "killing to stop killing, and killing again." Sentences can be stopped, and heavy sentences can be carried out".With promising means, we finally achieve the goal of ruling by inaction.

The Confucian "use of virtue" and the Mohist "Shangxian", and the Confucian "benevolence" and the Mohist "concomitant love" are also somewhat similar.

And Confucius. Zigong, one of the seventy-two sages, is also a vertical and horizontal family.

The originator of the . (This guy is not at all like Confucianism) Zonghengjia is also a long history in Chinese history. The doctrine of the "Yin-Yang Family" has also been accepted and practiced by successive rulers. Needless to say, soldiers. As long as there is war, this doctrine is used.

There is also a "miscellaneous school" of the Ten Schools, which is a doctrine that integrates classical Chinese philosophy. Therefore, the various schools of thought in the controversy have a deep influence on China and the world in later generations.

It's hard to write, I hope I can.