When is cauliflower suitable for planting? How to control pests and diseases?

Spring is here, and it is not only the season for planting agricultural seeds, but also the season for planting broccoli, but for broccoli, in addition to strengthening management when cultivating seedlings, it is also necessary to pay attention to the growing season of the main meal. In addition to water and fertilizer management during the growing season, broccoli has more pest and disease prevention. This is especially true this year, when pests and diseases will occur more often.

Insect infestation has occurred when we planted vegetables in Shandong, but now in the past few days, growers have found a pest when planting saplings, that is, striated vegetable insects. Today we are talking about this pest in the hope of helping more growers.

Growing vegetables and fruit trees has common pests. Striated vegetable insects are also common pests in vegetable cultivation. The striated vegetable insect is an insect belonging to the family Hemiptera, and it is presumed that no one is unfamiliar with pests of the family Insects.

Earthworms that harm fruit trees and vegetable insects that harm vegetables are also what we often call bed bugs. These pests all secrete gases, hence the name bed bugs. Even hundreds of species, striated vegetable insects are common vegetable pests in our country, which may occur in most parts of our country, both in the south and in the north, this pest mainly likes to harm cruciferous vegetables, cabbage, cabbage, broccoli, etc., so it is necessary to pay attention to planting cruciferous vegetables.

The following is a description of the morphological characteristics.

The adult worms of the rhadophyllum are similar to insect pests of different sizes. The body length is about 7-8 mm, the width is about 4-5 mm, the body is round, the body color of the striated bug is combined with orange and black, the hair is small, the hair has two antennae, the antennae are black, the terminal third is constricted, there is a cross-shaped yellow pattern in the middle of the body, the yellow pattern has smooth red spots in the middle, the front and sides of the body appear yellow curly larvae are divided into 5 age groups, the 1st instar larva is about mm in length and width in mm, and the body is orange, The antennae of the larvae are pale yellow in color from 1 to 3 segments, the abdomen is blackish-gray, the abdomen is yellow, there are 7 black spots of different sizes in the middle of the abdomen, and the tail is a pair of sprays.

The chest is black with a wide white side on the sides, 3 orange-red triangular patches on the dorsal panel, small shields on the body that extend backwards, black legs, yellow between the feet, and 1 large black spot on the back. The 4th instar larvae are about 3-5 mm long and 3 mm wide, with a similar mushroom shape on the back, a triangle on both sides of the body, a yellow spot on both sides of the abdomen, an arc on the back similar to an adult, and a wavy shape on the anterior and posterior margins, the body length of the 5th instar larvae is about 5-6 mm, the width is 3-4 mm, the head, thorax, antennae are black, there is a triangular macula on the head, there are 3 orange-red spots on the chest and back, the sides of the body are semicircular, and the shield has a horizontal stripe.

It is suitable for spring planting, erect a small figure on the edge of the flower, drive away the insects that can fly, water more, and fertilize.

In fact, it is suitable for planting in late winter, so you can choose to apply pesticides or remove pests with bare hands.

Planted in these two seasons, spring and autumn. Cataplexy of cauliflower In the early stage of the disease, methyl frost can generally be used. Manganese-zinc wettable powder spraying, generally 7 10 days or so spray once, generally this can reduce the occurrence of cataplexy.

Black spot disease: In the early stage of the disease, spray chlorothalonil wettable powder for prevention and control. Generally, spray 1 time in about 10 days, spray 2 or 3 times in a row.

Brassica worm and diamondback moth: When planting cauliflower, if it is found that there are cabbage worms and diamondback moth harming cauliflower, generally use aviridacloprid emulsifiable concentrate, generally spray once in about 7 10 days, and spray 2 or 3 times in a row.

Spring cauliflower is planted from mid to late January to early February, and autumn cauliflower is planted in early July.

Cauliflower can be planted in two seasons a year, and seedlings are cultivated in spring from mid to late January to early February, and the seedling cultivation time is mostly one month, until March when the weather warms up and the temperature is milder before planting.

If the plant is planted in autumn, the pre-seedlings are carried out in early July of each year, and the seedling period is also one month. The above situation is only suitable for the general cauliflower species, after all, after our continuous planting improvement, now the new cauliflower species are also very numerous, different species into the natural environment and planting time are all different, before planting must be clear about the planting time of the selected species, and then in the planting.

Cultivation techniques of cauliflower

1. Weeding

After planting, it is necessary to pay attention to the weeds in the field, and when the planting operation is small, you can use the method of manual weeding, and if the area is large, you can use herbicides to carry out weeding. Cauliflower in the flower bulb production link to have a certain amount of water supply, especially high temperature rainfall and low temperature to pay special attention to timely watering, the amount of watering should be appropriate, if there is too much water, high temperature conditions, not only may occur root rot, but also can cause cauliflower disease.

2. Fertilization

The growth cycle of cauliflower is very long, about 4-5 months, so in order to ensure that cauliflower has a good rise, moderate fertilization is essential, after planting 7 days, it can reasonably carry out certain fertilization, because this suitable seedling is still relatively small, so it is necessary to adjust the amount of use, otherwise it will produce the condition of burning seedlings. After a month, you can apply compound fertilizer, which will allow the rhizomes of cauliflower to grow and develop faster.

1. Choose a good variety. Medium- and late-maturing varieties should be used in spring, and early- and medium-maturing varieties should be used in autumn.

2. Autumn cauliflower should be more strict sowing period, generally sown in late June to early July, planted from late July to early August, and harvested from the end of September to the end of October.

3. Cultivate strong seedlings of appropriate age. Using nutrient bowl seedlings, autumn cauliflower germination period and seedling stage are in the high temperature and rainy season, should take covering and shading measures, generally autumn cauliflower seedling age in 25-30 days, 5-6 leaves when planting, spring cauliflower seedling age in 70-80 days, 5-7 leaves when planting.

First, spring cauliflower spring cauliflower should be raised in the greenhouse in late December, because the spring temperature is low, the seed germination time is long, and the seedlings grow slowly, and then transplant and colonize around March, if it is cultivated in the open field, it will be sown from late March to early April. Note that the planting can not be too early, nor too late, once the improper operation is easy to affect the normal growth and development of cauliflower. The temperature will gradually rise around April, pay attention to the ventilation and cooling of cauliflower and fertilizer and water management in time, be sure to apply foot fertilizer, apply more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, so as to improve the stress resistance of cauliflower, and harvest in time after the flower bulbs are mature.

Second, autumn cauliflower autumn cauliflower for the sowing period is more strict, generally between June and July for sowing seedlings, and then planting around August, the end of September to the end of October to harvest. During the planting period, you should choose a fertile soil with a well-drained sandy soil for cultivation, and at the same time, you should also pay attention to the application of foot fertilizer, and flexibly take shade or heat preservation measures according to the local climate and temperature.

Question: I raised the seedlings on June 3rd, and now I have them on July 23rd, can I transplant them now, and it is recommended to plant them in about three months.

Wait. this month.

Question: Can you still plant seedlings after 50 days?

Generally, yes.

Ask: Is it okay to plant now?

Yes, you can.

Question: Is it that the seedling period is long, and the cauliflower will reduce the yield?

It's usually 50 days, not necessarily this.

You can plant it now.

Ask if it will reduce production.

No, it's not a big problem.

Cauliflower is usually grown in both spring and autumn. Before planting, the land should be prepared and fertilized, and then planting, and the water and fertilizer management should be strengthened during growth, and attention should be paid to insect and disease prevention.

Method: 1. Choose a good variety. Medium and late maturing varieties should be used in spring, early and medium maturing varieties should be used in autumn, sowing and planting at the appropriate time, and cultivating strong seedlings of appropriate age. The seedlings are raised by nutrient bowls, and the germination stage and seedling stage of autumn cauliflower are in the high temperature and rainy season, and should be planted with mulching and shading measures.

2. Ensure water and fertilizer**. After the cauliflower is planted, it should be combined with watering to slow down the seedlings and pay attention to the prevention and control of insect pests. Aphids can be controlled by spraying 5000 times of enemy killing liquid and 20% rapid killing of 2000 times of liquid.

The flower bulbs are fully grown, white, dense in texture, circumferential on the surface, and the edges have not yet spread out, which is the harvest time.

A relatively common vegetable in daily life, cauliflower is a semi-hardy, adaptable vegetable, it is generally grown in rural areas in the north and south, and the time to grow cauliflower in the open field is generally carried out in the two seasons of spring and autumn. Control the number of watering and watering at the seedling stage, the seedling age is 45 to 60 days, you can plant, do a good job of thermal insulation in the early stage of growth, after the weather becomes warmer, timely top dressing, pay attention to fertilizer and water during the flower bulb expansion period, combined with cultivating and weeding, and maintain the humidity of the soil.

The epidermis is left behind, forming transparent spots on the leaves, forming leaf cavities; The 3 to 4 instar larvae of diamondback moth can feed on the leaves into holes and nicks, and in severe cases, the whole leaves are eaten into a net. At the seedling stage of crops, the central leaf is often harmed, affecting the core. The amount of seeds in each hole is three to four grains, and then the seeds are covered with soil.

When sowing, one of the things we need to pay attention to is to water the soil before sowing so that the soil has enough water to maintain the growth and development of the seeds.

Planting in the open field begins in mid-to-late March, and harvesting is available in mid-to-late May. If you sow seeds in autumn, they are usually sown in early to mid-July, planted in the open field in early August, and harvested in mid-to-late October. According to the ditch 1 5 meters of land preparation for furrowing, deep ditch high furrow, spray herbicide Henes or butachlor after land preparation to prevent weeds.

If conditions permit, it is necessary to use plastic film mulching for cultivation, which can not only improve soil temperature, protect moisture and prevent waterlogging, and reduce the harm of weeds, but also is a semi-cold-tolerant vegetable. It is not resistant to heat and drought, nor is it resistant to frost. Its growth does not require strict light, and it prefers an environment with sufficient sunlight.

Normal temperatures between 10 and 25 degrees Celsius are appropriate.

When we plant cauliflower in the countryside of Northwest China, we plant it in greenhouses in the twenties of the first month, transplant it on the ground from March to April, and plant it on the market in May 20. Generally, it is planted when the seedling age is 25-30 days old and the true leaves are 5-6. Do not have too long seedlings, so as not to "flower bulbs appear early" and lose their commodity value.

Planting should not be too deep, and it is advisable to be half a finger deeper than the soil seal at the seedling stage, otherwise the seedlings will not be prosperous.

One is to use pesticides, but this should not be more than 3 times a month, after all, it is a dish to be eaten, and it is not good to use too many pesticides. The other is to use the greenhouse breeding method, the implementation of the covered breeding method, can also avoid a lot of pests and diseases. The last one is to regularly inspect the field to see what pests and diseases are and deal with them according to the actual situation.

First of all, it is necessary to ensure the fertility of the soil in the planting area, there is also to ensure the right temperature, and it must be ventilated in time, there is to ensure that the water and fertilizer are sufficient, and it is necessary to choose the right pesticides to kill insects.

Pesticides must be sprayed in the early stage, and the management of ventilation must be strengthened, so that pests can be prevented.

When planting cauliflower, it is generally according to the local climatic conditions and planting environment to choose strong disease resistance, full particles, uniform size, no diseases and pests, about 1 2 years of high-quality seeds to sow seeds, generally choose such cauliflower seeds to sow seeds, seedlings will grow more robustly, conducive to the growth of cauliflower in the later stage, improve the stress resistance of cauliflower, so as to reduce the occurrence of eggplant diseases and pests. Soaking seeds to promote germination in the selection of cauliflower varieties, generally before sowing, the seeds of cauliflower are soaked in about 30 warm water for about 15 20 minutes, in the process of soaking seeds, the deflated seeds floating on the water surface are removed, and then the seeds are scooped up and drained, the seeds are wrapped with a clean and hygienic wet sand cloth, and then the wrapped cauliflower seeds are placed in the environmental conditions of about 25 28 for germination, generally 2 3 days later will sprout, then you can basically carry out sowing.

The cultivation time of open-air cauliflower is not fixed, and there are many varieties, the earliest and earliest mature varieties are suitable for planting from June to September, and the medium-ripening and late-maturing varieties can be planted from November to February next year. The Yangtze River basin is sown from June to December, in North China in early to mid-February, in summer, autumn and early June, in Northeast China, in early February, in autumn, and in Northeast China, in late February to early March.

In fact, we usually call cauliflower broccoli, and the nutritional value of cauliflower is also well known, so there are many more farmers growing cauliflower now than in the past.

Open air cauliflower planting time.

Cauliflower cultivation can be carried out from June to September every yearAt this time, the temperature is high, so it is necessary to choose high-temperature resistant varieties for cultivation. When planting cauliflower, you can choose humus or garden soil with more trace element content and good drainage, and before planting, you should also prepare the land to improve the air permeability of the soil.

Open-air cauliflower planting method brother tung.

1. Sow and plant

Because the cauliflower seeds are small, direct seeding is required. Choose a seed that grows well in the raw Biga, then sow it directly into the pre-prepared soil, cover it with fine soil, and inject mineral-rich river water into the soil, and after three days, the seed will germinate.

2. Seedling thinning treatment

Cauliflower grows faster, planting half a month to a month later, the seed can germinate, during this period, the plant can be thinned to remove the seedlings that grow too densely, but also to make the seedlings suffer from pests and diseases, or poor growth of the plant removal, to help the cauliflower grow better.

3. Post-maintenance

In the later stage of cauliflower maintenance, it is also necessary to supplement the plant with unpolluted natural water to keep the soil moist, and the well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer can be added to the soil to improve the growth rate of the plant, and it can also provide all-day sunshine for the cauliflower, so that the plant grows more vigorously.