What are the outstanding stylistic characteristics and comprehensive achievements of the Buddhist ca

The main shape of the cave temple in our country is the Buddha hall type and the tower courtyard type.

In addition to the two categories of Buddha hall and monk's room, the shape of the cave temple system also increases the tower temple cave of the central tower pillar or Buddha statue in the cave. Dunhuang Grottoes.

Yungang Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes.

It is the representative of the three major blind clans of the Chinese cave temple, and belongs to the best grottoes in the world. The vast majority of cave temples in China are Buddhist, and some are Taoist.

In 1992, dozens of Manichaean caves were also discovered near Turpan, Xinjiang, which is rare in the archaeology of cave temples in the world.

The value of the cave temple:

The cave temple is a cultural heritage integrating architecture, sculpture, painting, calligraphy and other arts, and the cave temple in China is widely distributed, with a long history and a large scale, and it is the Chinese nation.

The embodiment of aesthetic pursuit and cultural spirit. Therefore, strengthening the protection and utilization of cave temples is related to the inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture and the implementation of the strategy of building a strong socialist culture.

It is related to the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative and the promotion of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. The grotto bend bridge embodies Chinese culture.

The characteristics and history of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, which is human civilization.

We must insist on protecting the first treasure and make good use of it on the basis of protection.

Cave art is a type of Buddhist art that includes statues, carvings, and religious cultures. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the grotto art created by unknown craftsmen in various parts of the north is a synthesis of sculpture and painting, and it is the highest artistic achievement of this period.

The art of grottoes developed from west to east in various parts of the north with the spread of Buddhism to the east. It reflects the Buddhist art of the Northern and Southern Dynasties of our country, and has several main characteristics: 1. The integration of divinity and human nature: the statue is between man and god.

2. The combination of environment and mood: choose a place far away from the city, and the environment itself gives people a sense of paradise.

3. The level of Buddhism and the layout of the statues: the treatment of the image takes an unequal form 4. Decoration and eyes: The grotto statues were originally decorated with color, and the gaze of the statues was relatively fixed 5. Symbolic and artistic treatment: The Buddhist image is obviously different from the original form of life.

Religion has been introduced to China in the Han Dynasty, and Buddhism flourished during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It inherited the traditional style of plastic art since the Qin and Han dynasties, and at the same time absorbed the advantages of Buddhist art. Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi; Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan; In addition, there are many Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang that were excavated during the Northern Dynasties.

Features: It inherits the traditional style of plastic art since the Qin and Han dynasties, and at the same time absorbs the advantages of Buddhist art. Representative works; Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi; Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan;

1.Longmen Grottoes (excavated in 493 A.D. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty); 2.Yungang Grottoes (the grottoes were dug in the second year of Xing'an in the Northern Wei Dynasty (453 AD), most of them were completed before the Northern Wei Dynasty moved to Luoyang (494 AD), and the statue construction continued until the Zhengguang period (520 525 AD).

3.Xiangtang Grottoes: This grotto is relatively unfamiliar to everyone, but he is indeed one of the three major grottoes in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, because the state religion of the Northern Qi Dynasty was Buddhism at that time, and the founding emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao Yang, believed in Buddhism, so he ordered people to dig the Xiangtang Grottoes, and later most of the stone statues of these grottoes were snatched away by the Japanese devils.

The Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Caves, are located in Dunhuang at the western end of the Hexi Corridor. It was built in the pre-Qin period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, after the construction of the Sixteen Kingdoms, the Northern Dynasties, the Sui, the Tang, the Five Dynasties, the Western Xia, the Yuan and other dynasties, forming a huge scale, there are 735 caves, 10,000 square meters of murals, 2,415 clay colored sculptures, it is the largest existing Buddha in the world, the most abundant content. Teach artistically.

The Yungang Grottoes were excavated in the second year of Xing'an in the Northern Wei Dynasty (453 AD), and most of them were completed in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Before Yang (494 AD), the statue construction continued until the Zhengguang period (520 525 AD).

Gantry stone. The cave is located 12 kilometers south of Luoyang city, and was excavated in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Emperor Wen moved the capital to Luoyang (494 AD), and it has a history of more than 1,500 years. - The Art of Common Sense.

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This paper briefly describes the influence of Buddhism on the emergence of Chinese cave art and the formation of Cheng Zhu Lixue, and summarizes the characteristics of Chinese culture embodied in it.

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Hello! The Buddha Hidden Religion provides a very rich subject matter for Chinese cave art, as well as an aesthetic ideal. It provides artists with creative purposes, creative concepts and creative thinking, forms a unique Chinese painting art, and makes great contributions to the theory of Hongguo painting art.

Cheng Zhu Lixue absorbed the ideas of Buddhism, Huayan Buddhism and Zen Buddhism. It is determined that "reason" is innately existing and chained, and elevates abstract reason to the supreme position of high eternity. To further integrate Confucianism with Buddhism. <>

From these two points, it can be seen that Chinese culture is based on Confucianism and deeply influenced by Buddhism. <>

And, of course, Taoist thought.

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The characteristics of the cave statue art in the Tang Dynasty are as follows:

The statues of the cave temples in the Tang Dynasty have the following characteristics: the common Buddha statues are Buddha, Bodhisattva, Arhat, King Kong, etc., the Bodhisattva statue is dignified and generous, and King Kong is strong and irritable, reflecting a distinct character; The statue emphasizes the beauty of health and plumpness, and the body is plump and rounded, emphasizing the lines of muscles.

It is dominated by huge Buddha statues, which are imposing; The group of statues pays attention to the exchange of feelings; The Buddha statue is quiet and calm, with a serene expression. In addition, some Buddha statues are exaggerated in action, and the details of the movements are delicately handled, reaching a new height.

The shape of the cave temple in the Tang Dynasty was unprecedented in scale and the number surged. In addition to building Buddha statues in the grottoes that had been developed in the previous dynasties, such as the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, the Yongjing Bingling Temple, the Maiji Mountain in Tianshui, the North Grottoes Temple in Guangyang, the Longmen Temple in Luoyang, the Lingquan Temple in Baoshan in Anyang, and the Tianlong Mountain in Taiyuan, the cave temples were also excavated in Xiangtang Mountain in Handan and Qianfo Mountain in Jinan.

Grotto art is a rare artistic treasure in Chinese history and culture, the earliest originated in India as a form of Buddhist architecture, the earliest is the place for monks to retreat and meditate, therefore, they are often built on the cliff wall far from the world, and there are many sculptures and murals of religious themes in the cave. Since the 3rd century, with the spread of Buddhism to the east, the grottoes entered the Central Plains through the Western Regions.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Yungang Grottoes, Longmen Grottoes because of their large scale, rich content of friends, high artistic level and regarded as outstanding representatives of Chinese grottoes, they confirm the historical process of the sinicization of Buddhism, with incomparable academic value and artistic value, is the Chinese nation and even the whole mankind common material and cultural treasures.

In the early grottoes of our country, the image of the Seven Buddhas was more common, and the representative ones were ().

a.The south wall of the back room of Cave 10 of Yungang Grottoes is carved with the Zen statue of the Seven Buddhas.

b.The west wall of the back room of the 11th cave of the first tomb is carved with the tall standing tassel statue of the seven Buddhas.

c.The Maijishan Grottoes will be seven Buddhas open and chiseled into seven caves with a huge scale.

d.There are also images of the Seven Buddhas in many temples.

Correct answer: ABCD