What is the cause of hydronephrosis, hydronephrosis, what is the condition?

a) Congenital obstruction** has:

Segmental non-functional:

Segmental muscle absence, hypoplasia, or anatomical disturbance at the ureteropelvic junction or upper ureteral junction of the renal pelvis interferes with normal peristalsis of the ureter, resulting in dynamic obstruction. If this lesion occurs at the entrance to the ureterobladder, a congenital megaureter is formed, with the consequence of renal and ureteral dilation and hydrops.

Intrinsic ureteral stricture:

Most occur at the ureteropelvic junction of the renal pelvis, and the stenosis is usually 1 2 mm long but can be as long as 1 3 cm, producing incomplete obstruction and secondary distortion. Electron microscopy shows that there are excessive collagen fibers around and between the cells of the obstructed segment, and over time, the muscle cells are damaged, forming inelastic narrow segments dominated by collagen fibers, which hinder the transmission of urine and form hydronephrosis.

Ureteral twisting, adhesions, banding, or valve slings, which may be congenital or acquired, often occur at the ureteral junction and at the lumbar ureter, and account for almost 2 3 percent of children and infants.

Ectopic vascular compression is about 1 3 and is an ectopic hilar vessel located anterior to the ureteropelvic junction. Others include farrier-shaped kidneys and obstructed kidney rotation during embryonic development.

High ureteral opening:

It can be congenital, or it can cause asymptomatic renal pelvis dilation due to peripelvic fibrosis or vesicoureteral reflux, resulting in a relatively upward migration of the ureteropelvic junction and no stenosis can be detected during surgery.

Congenital ureteral ectopia, cysts, double ureters, etc.

b) Acquired obstruction:

Post-inflammatory or ischemic scarring leads to local fixation.

Vesicoureteral reflux causes the ureters to twist and eventually form the renal pelveropelvic junction or ureteral obstruction due to periureteral fibrosis.

New organisms such as tumors and polyps in the renal pelvis and ureters may be primary or metastatic.

Ectopic kidneys (migratory kidneys). Stone and traumatic and scar stenosis after trauma.

c) Obstruction caused by external **:

Obstruction caused by extraneous lesions includes arterial and venous lesions; pathologies of the female reproductive system; pelvic tumors, inflammation; gastrointestinal lesions; Retroperitoneal lesions (including retroperitoneal fibrosis, abscesses, hemorrhages, tumors, etc.).

d) Obstruction caused by various diseases of the lower urinary tract:

For example, prostatic hyperplasia, bladder neck contractures, urethral strictures, tumors, stones and even phimosis can also cause difficulty emptying the upper urinary tract and form hydronephrosis.

Secondary hydronephrosis is mostly caused by other diseases of the urinary system, and the primary disease can generally be found through routine examination, and some diseases require special examinations (such as CT, magnetic resonance imaging, etc.) to confirm the diagnosis.

These diseases mainly include:

obstructive lesions of the upper urinary tract, tumors, polyps, stones, tuberculosis, inflammation, injury, malformations, diverticulum, renal prolapse, etc.;

external compression of the upper urinary tract, abdominal, pelvic, or retroperitoneal masses, idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, ectopic vascular, ovarian venous compression with hyperemia during pregnancy and menstruation;

Obstructive lesions of the lower urinary tract, prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, urethral stricture, vesicoureteral reflux, etc.

Hydronephrosis can be caused by a variety of causes and can be caused by pregnancy. If it is an adult, the lesion should be considered. In general, obstruction, adhesions, and dysfunction are all causes of hydronephrosis.

Hydronephrosis. The passage of urine from the kidneys is blocked, and the pressure in the renal pelvis increases, causing the renal pelvis to dilate and the renal parenchyma to compress atrophy, which is called hydronephrosis. Look

The renal pelvis and calyces dilate due to obstruction of the urinary system, in which urine is retained, collectively known as hydronephrosis. Because urine accumulates in the kidneys, the pressure increases, causing the renal pelvis and calyces to enlarge and the renal parenchyma to shrink. If the retained urine becomes infected, it is called infectious hydronephrosis; When kidney tissue dies and loses function due to necrosis due to infection, the renal pelvis is filled with pus, called pyometraphrosis or pyometra.

The most important cause of hydronephrosis is ureteropelval junction obstruction.

It means that there are some problems in your body, and it may also be that your kidney function and immunity have decreased. Sometimes it is necessary to get tested immediately to avoid the occurrence of some diseases.

There are many reasons why the kidneys are the organs that produce urine, which then enters the renal pelvis, then enters the ureters, flows into the bladder, and finally excretes through the urethra. Tumors, stones, tuberculosis and even some people who hold urine for a long time can also lead to hydronephrosis. In general, hydronephrosis should be treated as soon as possible, as long-term hydronephrosis may affect kidney function.

1.Stone 2Tumor 3

Inflammation 4Tuberculosis 5congenital ureteral narrowing, severe colic, nausea and vomiting, decreased urine output; After a few hours or longer, the pain disappears, followed by a large amount of urine.

This condition is more common with ureteral obstruction.

Mild hydronephrophages and ureteral hydrops are common during normal pregnancy.

Blood tests are done first to look for azotemia, acidosis, and electrolyte imbalances. B-ultrasound, CT can not find ** can do nephrosography.

It should still be ureteral stones, ureteral stones B ultrasound is generally not visible, CT may not be able to scan the stones, if necessary, you can take a plain abdominal film, pyelonephritis should not cause the upper middle ureteral dilation.

Pay attention to the usual exercise, jump more and see if you can get the stone out.

Hydronephrosis is an enlargement of the renal pelvis due to a blockage of the urinary tract with atrophy of the kidney tissue. Hydronephrosis can be caused by neoplasia such as tumors and polyps in the renal pelvis and ureters, stenosis, scarring stenosis after trauma and injury, renal tuberculosis, ureteral stricture and tumors, and high ureteral opening.

X-rays of intravenous urography and retrograde ureteral intubation can be done to check for ureteral strictures.

Hello, hydronephrosis is caused by narrowing or blockage of the urinary tract and the normal function of the nerves and muscles, and the lumen is enlarged, which leads to urinary flow obstruction for many reasons, **first of all, it must be removed**, and the obstruction is relieved. If the condition is too poor or **complicated, percutaneous nephrostomy can be used to drain the kidney. In severe cases of hydronephrosis or empyema, nephrectomy is indicated if the contralateral kidney is functioning well.

If it cannot be surgically removed, a double "T" tube or stent tube will be placed.

Hello. Various pathologies of the urinary system and its vicinity cause urinary flow obstruction, which may eventually lead to hydronephrosis. Due to differences in the primary**, location, and degree of obstruction, the clinical manifestations and course of hydronephrosis are not consistent in different patients.

Congenital lesions, such as the stenosis of the ureteral junction of the renal pelvis, and the hydronephrosis caused by the compression of the ureters by the subterrenal polar ectopic blood vessels or fibrous bundles, etc., develop relatively slowly, and there may be no obvious symptoms for a long time, and the abdominal mass will only appear when a certain volume is reached. Secondary hydronephrosis caused by stones, tumors, inflammation and tuberculosis in various parts of the urinary system, the clinical manifestations are mainly primary symptoms and signs, and rarely show signs of hydronephrosis, which are often found when complete obstruction occurs and abruptly, such as renal colic occurs when kidney and ureteral stones are incarcerated and present. Secondary hydronephrosis is often associated with infection, often presenting with worsening of the primary symptoms.