Who was Qin Shi Huang s father? What s it called?

In the forty-eighth year of King Zhao of Qin (259 BC), Ying Zheng was born in Zhao State. Judging from the lineage of the monarch of Qin, his father was Chu (i.e., Yiren, who was later established as King Zhuangxiang) of Qin, who was hostage to Zhao at that time. "Historical Records 6 1 Qin Benji" says; "King Zhuang Xiang died, Zi Zhengli, for the first emperor of Qin.

However, "Historical Records 6 1 The Biography of Lü Buwei" records a legendary story of Ying Zhengshi being the son of Lü Buwei, saying that Lü Buwei first lived with a Zhao Ji who could sing and dance, and after knowing that Zhao Ji was pregnant, he asked Zhao Ji to seduce Zi Chu. Soon Zichu fell in love with Zhao Ji, and Lü Buwei dedicated Zhao Ji to Zichu. Zhao Ji gave birth to Yingzheng after being full-term, and Zi Chu then made Zhao Ji his wife.

Zichu returned to China to inherit the throne, and passed the throne to Zizheng after his death. This statement was accepted by Ban Gu, so the Book of Han called Ying Zheng Lu Zheng. Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty doubted the authenticity of this account in the Biography of Lü Buweilie and put forward two reasons:

First, in order to keep himself rich and prosperous for a long time, Lü Buwei deliberately fabricated the story that he was the father of Qin Shi Huang; The second is that Lü Buwei's disciples scolded Qin Shi Huang as an illegitimate child to vent their anger and fabricated this theory. Guo Moruo's "Ten Criticisms" also doubted that Lü Buwei was the biological father of Qin Wangzheng, and pointed out three doubts: first, only the "Historical Records" was not included in the "National Policy", and there was no other circumstantial evidence; Second, the story of He Chun Shenjun and the female ring is like a stereotyped article, with a large plot category**; Third, "The Biography of Lü Buweilie" also has the saying that "the daughter of Mrs. Zichu Zhao Hao", which obviously contradicts the above story.

Guo Zhikun's "The Biography of Qin Shi Huang" made-for-tat criticism of Guo Moruo's three questions. He thinks, first, that many of the records in the "Historical Records" are not contained in the "Warring States Policy", and there is no circumstantial evidence, so the authenticity of the "Historical Records" is still maintained; Second, the story of Chun Shenjun and the female ring is from "Warring States Policy 6 1 Chu Ce". The stories contained in the "Records of the Historians" are similar to this, which does not negate the authenticity of the records in the "Records of the Historians", but only shows that this method of struggle was used by many political figures at that time; Third, there is no contradiction.

Sima Qian said that Lü Buwei took "Handan Zhuji is a good dancer" and dedicated it to Zichu, and this "Ji" is "Zhao Hao's daughter", which makes perfect sense. Guo Zhikun further cited Ban Gu's statement that Qin Shi Huang was "Lü Zheng". Pei Si's "Historical Records Collection Explanation":

Lü Zheng, the first emperor's name and government, is Lü Buwei Xingji has a sacrifice to give birth to the first emperor, so Yun Lü Zheng. Guo Zhikun also pointed out: "Saying that Qin Shi Huang was an illegitimate child does not affect his great image of unifying China."

For example, Confucius and Jesus were illegitimate children, but this does not damage their image. Even so, the issue of Qin Shi Huang's biological father may continue to be debated.

History does not record how many children Lü Buwei hadBut according to Sun Liqun, a professor at the School of History of Nankai University, Qin Shi Huang's father was Lü Buwei.

"Hundred Lectures" once invited Sun Liqun, a professor at the School of History of Nankai University, who publicly proposed in the program that Qin Shihuang's biological father was Lü Buwei, and believed that in the process of offering concubines in Handan, Lü Buwei carried out political speculation step by step according to his own wishes.

Qin Shi Huang's mother Zhao Ji was originally Lü Buwei's lover, and after she lived with Lü Buwei and became pregnant, she was sent by Lü Buwei to Yiren and became Yiren's wife. After Zhao Ji was pregnant and married to another person, the son Yingzheng who was born in the "last period" was actually the son of Lü Buwei.

Lü Buwei's main experience

Lü Buwei was in business in Yangzhai in his early years, brought the proton alien of Qin back to Qin, and supported him to become the queen of Qin Zhuangxiang. He led troops to capture the lands of Zhou, Zhao and Weiguo, and set up Sanchuan County, Taiyuan County, and Dong County respectively, making significant contributions to the cause of Qin Wang Yingzheng to annex the Six Kingdoms.

After the death of King Zhuangxiang, the crown prince Yingzheng ascended the throne, worshiped as the prime minister, and was honored as the "middle father", and the power was overwhelming. Implicated in the rebellion of the Chang Yu group, he returned to the country, and his family was exiled to Shu County, killing himself by drinking on the way.