How are hail formed? How harmful is it? How can I reduce the impact of hail?

Hail is formed in convective clouds, when the water vapor in the air rises with the air current, the higher the height and the lower the temperature, the water vapor will condense into liquid water droplets, and then the height will continue to increase, and when the temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius, the water droplets will condense into solid ice particles. Hail is very harmful, it is quite hard, if the hail falls too large, it may cause damage to crops, buildings and even people, after all, the relatively large hail will come down again, the roof of the car will smash a pit, if it hits the crops, or hit the people, the consequences are unimaginable. In order to reduce the impact of hail, we need to pay attention to the protection of the natural environment, pay attention to the weather forecast in real time, and take shelter in the building when encountering hail weather to avoid injury.

The "home" of hail and thunderstorms is cumulonimbus clouds. If the cumulonimbus cloud develops more intensely, solid ice will fall.

The hailstone that had just fallen, with a white nucleus inside, was wrapped in layers of ice on the outside.

Hail generally appears in a small area, "hail in a line", and the hail time is also very short. However, hail is a catastrophic weather due to its intensity, intensity, and frequent storms. Larger hailstorms have caused crop losses in some areas, and even grain grains have not been harvested.

It also destroys houses, harms people and animals, and threatens the safety of people's lives and property.

Weather stations will make forecasts in advance based on weather maps, satellite cloud image analysis and radar monitoring, which can generally effectively reduce the harm caused by hail.

Frost forms the water on the surface of the Song Dynasty is exposed to the sun and vaporized, and then rises into the air, a lot of water vapor together, condensed into clouds, liquefied when encountering cold air, with the dust in the air as the condensation nucleus, forming raindrops, getting bigger and bigger, more clouds can not support, it rains, if it encounters cold air and there is no condensation nucleus, the water vapor will condense into ice or snow, that is, snow, if the temperature drops sharply, it will form a large ice mass, that is, hail. Disaster is a kind of violent meteorological disaster caused by a strong convective weather system, although its scope is small, the time is relatively short, but it is violent, intense, and often accompanied by gusting winds, heavy precipitation, sharp cooling and other paroxysmal disastrous weather processes. China is a country with frequent hail disasters, which bring huge losses to agriculture, construction, communications, electricity, transportation, and people's lives and property every year.

According to relevant statistics, China's economic losses caused by hail every year amount to several hundred million yuan or even billions of yuan.

The cold air condenses in the clouds, getting colder and colder, it forms hail, the harm is very great, hail can kill people, don't go out when the hail falls, you can reduce the impact.

Hail formation: hail is formed in convective clouds, when the water vapor rises with the air flow and meets the cold, it will condense into small water droplets, if the temperature continues to decrease with the increase in height, reaching below zero degrees Celsius, the water droplets will condense into ice particles, in the process of its upward movement, and will adsorb the Xiaoice particles or water droplets around it and grow, until its weight can not be carried by the updraft, that is, it will fall, when it falls to a higher temperature zone, its surface will dissolve into water, and at the same time will also adsorb the surrounding small water droplets, At this time, if it is lifted again by a strong updraft, its surface will condense into ice, and so on and so forth, like a snowball, its volume will grow larger and larger, until its weight is greater than the sum of the lift of the air flow and the buoyancy of the air, that is, it will fall downward, and if it reaches the ground, it is called hail if it is not dissolved into water and is still solid ice particles, and if it dissolves into water, it is the rain we usually see.

Necessary conditions for the formation of hail: 1. There must be a fairly thick layer of instability in the atmosphere. 2. Cumulonimbus clouds must develop to a temperature that can freeze individual large water droplets (generally considered to be -12 -16).

3. There should be strong wind shear. 4. The vertical thickness of the cloud should not be less than 6 8 km. 5. Cumulonimbus clouds have abundant water content.

Generally 3 8 grams per cubic meter, above the maximum rising velocity there is an accumulation zone of liquid supercooled water. 6. There should be an oblique, strong and uneven updraft in the cloud, generally above 10 20 m sec.

Hail, also known as hail, is most common in summer or at the turn of spring and summer. The formation process of hail is similar to that of rain. In summer, when a large amount of water vapor rises to a temperature below -20 degrees Celsius, it becomes a Xiaoice droplet, and when the air cannot hold the Xiaoice ball, it falls from the sky.

Hail is the water vapor in the atmosphere, but when it condenses into ice, the necessary condition for the formation of hail is that the cold air in the air must be cold enough, but the water vapor will form hail when it encounters such air.

There must be a fairly thick layer of instability in the atmosphere. Cumulonimbus clouds must develop to a temperature that can freeze individual large water droplets. There should be strong wind shear.

The vertical thickness of the cloud should not be less than 6 8 km, the water content in the cumulonimbus cloud is abundant, and there should be an oblique, strong and uneven updraft in the cloud, generally above 10 20 m s.

Hail is formed in cumulonimbus clouds formed by convective clouds, and when water vapour rises with the air current, it will condense into small water droplets.

When the internal height increases and the temperature continues to decrease, when it reaches below zero degrees Celsius, the water droplets will condense into ice particles, and in the process of its upward movement, it will adsorb Xiaoice particles or water droplets around it and increase until it decreases due to its weight increase, and when it falls to a higher temperature zone, its surface will melt into water; At the same time, it will also absorb the surrounding small water droplets, at this time, if it is lifted again by a strong updraft, it will condense into ice particles and continue to condense and grow until it falls due to its own weight, and if it does not melt and dissolve into water when it falls to the ground, it is still a solid ice particle or hail.

In summer, the weather is hot, the sun bakes the earth hot, it is easy to produce a large amount of hot and humid air near the ground, the water vapor in the air rises with the air current, the higher the height, the lower the temperature, the water vapor will condense into liquid water droplets, if the height continues to increase, when the temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius, the water droplets will condense into solid ice particles.

As the ice particles rise and fall repeatedly and condense by adsorption, they will become larger and larger, and when the ice particles are big and heavy enough, and there is not enough updraft to push them up, they will fall to the ground. If it still shows solid ice particles when it reaches the ground, it is a hail seen in the summer.

From late spring to summer, it is the season when hail appears. Hail generally appears in a small area, "hail in a line", and the hail time is also very short.

Hail mostly occurs in the summer. In summer, the sun is strong, a large amount of water vapor rises sharply, and when it condenses into Xiaoice crystals at high altitude, when the Xiaoice crystals fall, they encounter small water droplets along the way, which are mixed together to become snow droplets. New thermals are rising, bringing snow droplets back into the air.

In this way, the snow beads tumbled up and down in the clouds, covering them in layers of ice. Eventually, it grew bigger and bigger, and it fell from the sky and became hail. Hail is as small as a soybean, as large as an egg, and the largest is generally no larger than a brick.

Hail is mostly spherical, sometimes lumpy, conical, and generally irregular in shape.

Although scientists believe that low temperatures are responsible for the formation of hail, summer hail in Europe is frequent. Some meteorologists believe that when the thermals rise to an altitude of 1,000 to 2,000 metres, they will encounter the cold air that is falling, and hail will form. The drastic cooling of the thermals froze the humid air, which turned into tiny pucks.

This process may be repeated several times until the hail thickens layer by layer and finally falls to the ground.

Other scientists believe that hail is an electrical process.

Whatever the cause of hailstorms, farmers have been looking for ways to protect them from hail for centuries.

Usually the hail is not very large. However, due to its high density and intensity, once it hits a hailstorm, the farmers' harvest for a year is ruined.

Our country is vast, and hail disasters often occur in local areas. The characteristics of hail distribution are: more in the west and less in the east; There are many mountainous areas and few plains.

The southeastern part of our country is a place where hail is rare, and it is often not encountered once in a few years or decades. However, hailstorms often occur in Qinghai-Tibet high principles, more than 20 times a year in some areas, and more than 50 times in some years. In the Heihe area of Tanggula Mountain, hail falls as many as 34 times a year on average, which is the place with the most hail in China.

The places with the most hail in the world are in Kenya's Keri Province and Nandi region, with 130 days of hail in a year.

Hail is like a falling object from a high altitude in nature, and the falling process of hail is very complicated, because the hail does not exist in the air at the beginning, but gradually changes from a gaseous state to a solid state.

In this process, its volume and mass will also slowly increase, and the formation of hail requires a strong updraft, which is said to be at a speed of not less than 15 meters, and the water content in the air needs to be at least 10 grams per cubic meter. Everyone knows that the temperature will drop with the increase of altitude, the temperature of the bottom layer is relatively high, the water cools sharply in the process of rising, and becomes solid ice, and then the mass of solid ice can be calculated according to the action of gravity, resistance, wind and other forces.

Throughout the hailstone's fall, its mass is constantly changing. Solid hail is offset by the action of lateral air currents, and will fall in the process of falling, the water content in the air is very high, the temperature is still very low, and the solid hail will continue to become heavier and larger.

Solid hail that falls under certain meteorological conditions will again encounter a stronger updraft, changing from a falling state to an upward state again. The longer a hail stays in the air, the more massive and bulky it will be when it finally falls.

Like the destructiveness of other high-altitude chasers, the mass of the hail is related to the velocity, and the greater the mass, the greater the velocity and the more destructive. The falling speed of hail does not increase indefinitely, but has a critical value, when gravity and drag are equal, the hail will fall at a uniform speed, which is related to the mass and size of the hail.

Hail itself is a relatively rare weather phenomenon, egg-sized hail is already very rare, ordinary hail is basically the size of a quail egg, if it is hit by such a large hailstone, it will be injured but basically not life-threatening. The hailstones that can break through the windows are basically big hailstones.

The strength of the hail itself is also very weak, it is impossible to smash buildings, and it is safe to hide in the room when it is raining.

Formed in convective clouds, when the water vapor in the air rises with the air current, the higher the height and the lower the temperature, the water vapor will condense into liquid water droplets; If the altitude continues to increase and the temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius, the water droplets will condense into solid ice particles. If the hail falls too much, it can cause damage to crops, buildings and even people.

There are a lot of small water droplets in the air, and there will also be a strong updraft, and when the temperature drops to a certain extent, ice crystals will form, and when they reach a certain weight, they will fall. It can damage plants, it can damage vehicles, it can break glass, it can put pedestrians in harm.

<>1. Hail is a natural weather phenomenon, commonly known as hail. Hail is common in summer or at the turn of spring and summer, and is one of the more common natural disasters in China. Hail is a solid precipitation, which is a spherical or cone-shaped block of ice that consists of alternate layers of transparent and opaque layers.

2. The diameter is generally 5 mm to 50 mm, and the largest can reach more than 10 cm. The larger the diameter of the hailstone, the more destructive it is. Hail is formed in convective clouds.

When the water vapor rises with the air flow and condenses into small water droplets, if the temperature continues to decrease with the increase of altitude, when it reaches below 0, the water droplets will condense into ice particles.

3. In the process of upward motion, the ice particles will absorb the surrounding Xiaoice particles or water droplets and grow, until their weight can no longer be carried by the updraft, and they will fall down. When the Xiaoice particles fall to a higher temperature zone, its surface will melt into water, and at the same time will absorb the surrounding small water droplets, if it encounters a strong updraft at this time and is lifted again, its surface surface condenses into ice. In this way, the Xiaoice particles are like snowballs in the sky, and its volume will increase until its gravity is greater than the buoyancy of the air, and it will fall down, and if it is still a solid ice particle when it reaches the ground, it is called hail; If it melts into water, it is the rain we usually see.

Hail, rain, and snow all fell from the clouds.

In meteorology, the so-called precipitation refers to the natural phenomenon of moisture falling from the atmosphere to the ground, including rain, snow, hail and so on.

Hail, commonly known as hail, is called cold in some areas. The water on the surface is vaporized by the sun, and then rises into the air, where a lot of water vapor comes together and condenses into a cloud. At this time, the relative humidity is 100%, and when it encounters cold air, it liquefies, and the dust in the air is used as a condensation nucleus, forming raindrops or ice crystals, which are getting larger and larger, so that hail is formed.

When the surface water is exposed to the sun and vaporized, and then rises into the air, a lot of water vapor together, condensed into clouds, at this time the relative humidity is 100%, when it encounters cold air, it is liquefied, and the dust in the air is used as a condensation nucleus, forming raindrops or ice crystals, which are getting bigger and bigger, when the temperature drops to a certain extent, the water vapor of the air is supersaturated, so it rains, if it encounters cold air and there is no condensation nucleus, the water vapor will condense into ice or snow, that is, it will snow, if the temperature drops sharply, it will form a larger ice mass, That is, hail.

The meteorological conditions that form hail are demanding and generally difficult to maintain consistently, so the time it takes to fall into hail is usually short. Common hailstones only fall for a few minutes to half an hour. In addition, the area where hail falls is not too large, and it is generally distributed in a strip of 1000-2000 meters wide.

Hail generally occurs during the warm season (i.e. when the temperature is warmer) because of the high level of water vapour in the air.

Hail comes from cumulonimbus clouds, which liquefy into Xiaoice droplets when they encounter a violent upward air flow and are carried to an altitude below 0; As the updraft containing water vapor increases, small Xiaoice droplets gradually become larger, and large hail may form. In the warm and humid season, when the sun is strong, the water vapor content in the air is high, and strong convection occurs, which creates favorable conditions for the generation of hail.