How is lightning formed? Can it be used to generate electricity?

There are some natural phenomena that are very common in our lives.

For example, thunder, rain, tornadoes.

A series of natural phenomena such as hail, although it is very common, but we may not have thought about the principle of its formation and why such a phenomenon is formed, so let's talk about thunder and lightning.

1. The formation of thunder and lightning.

Thunder and lightning is generally accompanied by lightning and thunder a majestic and intimidating discharge phenomenon, and the conditions for thunder and lightning are mainly accumulated together by thunderstorm clouds, and finally form an acute lightning, but according to different terrain and meteorological conditions to determine thunder and lightning can generally be divided into three types: hot thunder and wind thunder terrain thunder, and thunder and lightning are generally composed of water vapor.

but this is also the most common phenomenon of formation, but this is only its internal factors, and of course there are external factors.

Second, the basic principle.

The most basic principle of lightning formation, that is, the separation of positive and negative ions from the condensation in the air, and then the friction between the electricity, and finally according to the phenomenon of power generation, the current is formed according to the chemical friction of optoelectronic elements and thermoelectric elements will lead to the corresponding lightning phenomenon, of course, this is also the actual power generation, in the clouds are basically the lightning phenomenon of friction and positive and negative ions separation, which is also the main principle of its lightning formation.

3. Can lightning generate electricity.

However, we have all found that lightning has such a large power supply, if the potential is used well, it will save a lot of power generation costs, but according to the current technical phenomenon, it is shown that lightning can not be used to generate electricity for the time being, the main reason is that the instantaneous power of lightning is relatively large, and the volts generated.

Voltage is unimaginable to us ordinary people, if it is not well controlled, it will cause very serious consequences, at present, even if there is advanced technology, there is no ability to use lightning as a source of power generation. However, I believe that in the process of technology development and maturity in the future, lightning will definitely be used as a source of power generation one day in the future, saving a lot of costs.

Thunder is caused by a strong electric field formed when a positively charged cumulonimbus cloud and a negatively charged cumulonimbus cloud are close to each other in the high altitude.

This is because there are a lot of positive and negative ions in the clouds, and when these positive and negative ions are close to each other, a phenomenon of power generation is generated. It can be used to generate electricity, but the conditions are very harsh, and the electricity is very unstable.

In fact, it is the collision of electric charges in the process of high-speed operation, so lightning is formed, which can be used to generate electricity, but it is more dangerous and not easy to operate.

It is not possible to generate electricity, generally because the cumulonimbus clouds are more severe, and then the potential difference between the top and bottom of the cloud is formed, and then the discharge will be when the standard is reached.

It is made up of positive and negative ions in the clouds, and then becomes thunder and lightning through the influence of wind and temperature. It can be used to generate electricity, and in thunderstorms, you must not remember to turn on electronic products.

In ancient times, thunder and lightning were regarded as a supernatural phenomenon in the eyes of people, because people at that time did not understand thunder and lightning, let alone how thunder and lightning were formed. Therefore, the ancients were particularly afraid of thunder and lightning, but with the development of science, people slowly gained knowledge of thunder and lightning. In fact, the most famous research on lightning is probably the kite test of Benjamin Franklin in the United States, through which people know how lightning is formed.

According to the research, many of the clouds in the sky are actually positively charged high-pressure clouds, and some are negatively charged high-pressure clouds, but when these two clouds collide with each other in the sky, sparks appear, and this spark is the thunder and lightning we see. The second is that these two clouds do produce a very large amount of energy when they collide, and the lightning will fall to the ground under the drive of this energy, and sometimes it will cause harm to some buildings on the ground. <>

In fact, according to research, it has been found that some charges are generated when the thickness of the clouds in the sky is more than a meter. If it is a cloud layer with a relatively high temperature, then it will carry a negative charge underneath, and if it is a cloud layer with a relatively low temperature, it will have a positive charge underneath. If the electric field is strong, it will definitely produce lightning in the collision.

However, this kind of lightning is actually difficult to use, because according to research, when lightning appears, the incidence of these lightning near the ground is only about 20%, and most of the available lightning is in the high altitude, which is difficult to collect, so the utilization rate of lightning is not particularly high. The second is that it is difficult to determine the location of lightning, and it is precisely because of this characteristic that we cannot build a receiving station in a fixed place. The last reason is that when lightning occurs, the voltage and current in the lightning are not yet able to receive or store them with current science and technology.

1.The formation of lightning is mainly due to the polarization of clouds, so that different clouds carry positive and negative ions, and the process of cloud polarization is a very complex natural process, which is affected by topography, airflow, temperature and other climates. When clouds with positive and negative ions meet, lightning is generated when they are discharged instantaneously.

2.It is currently unrealistic to use the principle of lightning to generate electricity, and the formation of lightning is a complex and diverse natural process. Random, so to speak.

It would be laborious to simulate such a process, and the outcome would be uncertain. It's like the formation of the wind, we know how it is formed, but we use a simpler fan to make the wind.

Thunder and lightning are created by the collision between two clouds, and in general lightning can indeed be used to generate electricity, but the cost is too great.

Lightning is a discharge caused by the friction of positive and negative particles in clouds against each other, and cannot be used to generate electricity because lightning is too violent to be controlled manually.

Let's talk about the cause of the formation of lightning. In fact, it is a very natural weather pattern. It can be used to generate electricity, and it is also difficult to control, and it is still being studied.

Thunder and lightning are caused by the high ground in summer, and the evaporation of water produces a strong upward air flow containing a large amount of vapor, which causes the ice crystals in the clouds to collide and move in a complex manner.

When ice crystals with different temperatures collide with each other, the electrons obtained at higher temperatures are negatively charged, and the ice crystals at lower temperatures lose electrons and become positively charged. In motion, when the algebraic sum of the charged ice crystal charge in a certain region is not zero, a distorted electric field is generated, and when the strength of this distorted electric field is greater than the air breakdown threshold, the air is broken down. According to the theory of high-voltage and high-voltage air breakdown, after the breakdown of air with a large gap, an isoplasm and a positive charge group are formed, and the combination of the two is called a downward pilot.

In the process of continuing to ionize the air, when the negative charge is induced by the sensing object on the ground, the positive and negative charges are attracted, and the positive charge group in the downward pilot continues to approach the sensing object on the ground, and then the ground sensing object is getting stronger and stronger, and the upward leader of the plasma and the positive charge group will also be generated, when the potential difference between the positive charge groups of the two pilots is large enough to penetrate the air gap between the two, thunder and lightning occur, and thunder is heard and lightning is seen.

After the air breakdown, the two positive charge clusters cannot be self-sustaining due to the lack of ionized air, and the positive charge groups recombine with the surrounding electrons, thus emitting light and heat, so that thunder and lightning are produced.

Thunder is a phenomenon in which positive and negative charges between clouds and between clouds and the earth attract each other, resulting in a huge friction force with the atmosphere. In the process of rubbing against the atmosphere, it causes the atmosphere to generate high temperatures and expand rapidly, and finally produces a loud sound.

Formation of lightning strikes:

Lightning is a large-scale electrical discharge phenomenon that occurs in the sky. Clouds in the sky are electrically charged, some positively charged and some negatively charged, and large-scale discharges occur when two clouds with different kinds of electricity are close to each other. The electric spark that appears when discharging is lightning, and the sound it makes is thunder.

Elementary School Natural Knowledge).

Positively charged clouds and negatively charged clouds collide in the air, and lightning is formed. Lightning is actually a phenomenon of electrical discharge.

Thunder and lightning is a majestic and somewhat intimidating electrical discharge phenomenon accompanied by lightning and thunder. The condition for the generation of thunder and lightning is that there is accumulation in the thunderstorm cloud and polarity is formed.

According to different topographic and meteorological conditions, lightning can generally be divided into three categories: hot lightning, frontal lightning (hot front lightning and cold front lightning), and terrain lightning.

Water vapor in the atmosphere is an internal cause of the formation of thunderclouds; The formation of thunderclouds is also related to the topography of nature as well as meteorological conditions.

Thermal lightning is a type of thunder that often occurs in the afternoon in summer, often accompanied by heavy rain or hail. Thermal lightning forms quickly and does not last long, 1 2 hours; The length of the minefield does not exceed 200,300 km, and the width does not exceed a few tens of km. The following conditions must be met for the formation of thermal lightning.

The air is very humid and the water vapor in the air is nearly saturated, which is a necessary factor for the formation of thermal lightning.

In a sunny summer, when the sun is scorching, the ground is exposed to the sun for a long time, and the temperature of the moist air near the ground rises rapidly, and people feel stuffy, which is necessary for the formation of thermal lightning.

There is no wind or light wind, resulting in uneven air humidity and temperature. The absence of wind or light winds may be due to the fact that the airflow does not change much, or it may be due to the topography (e.g., in the mountain basin).

Thunder and lightning are formed by the collision of two clouds carrying different charges.

Thunder is a phenomenon of atmospheric discharge in a nomadic group, which occurs in the pyrocumulonimbus clouds, in which some clouds are positively charged and some are negatively charged. Their electrostatic induction of the earth causes the ground or the surface of a building to generate a heterosexual charge.

When the charge accumulates to a certain extent, the strength of the electric field between the clouds of different charges, or between the clouds and the earth, can break through the air and begin to discharge freely, which we call a "pilot discharge". The cloud-to-ground pilot discharge is a gradual development of the cloud leaping towards the ground, and when it reaches the ground, it will produce a reverse conductive main discharge from the ground to the cloud.

In the main discharge stage, due to the strong neutralization of the opposite charge, there will be a large lightning current (generally tens of kiloamperes to hundreds of kiloamperes), followed by strong lightning and loud noises, which forms thunderlightning.

Types of lightning

There are four types of lightning: direct lightning, electromagnetic pulse, spherical lightning, and cloud flash. Among them, direct lightning and spherical lightning will cause damage to people and buildings, while electromagnetic pulse mainly affects electronic equipment, mainly caused by induction; Cloud flashes are the least harmful to humans because they occur between two clouds or on both sides of a cloud.

Direct lightning is to gather a lot of electric charges on the cloud, and a large number of electric charges have to find a channel to vent, sometimes it is a building, sometimes it is an iron tower, sometimes it is a person in an open place, so these people or objects become a channel for the discharge of electric charges, and the person or building is injured.