Why doesn t China s high speed rail go flat, but build on viaducts? Can you tell us why?

Because the flat ground is not very stable, but the viaduct can be made a stable foundation, so that the high-speed rail will be more comfortable to drive.

It is safer to build on the viaduct to protect the environment, and it is built on flat land, which has high requirements for the soil of the flat land, which is prone to collapse, and will be affected when it rains or snows.

In order not to affect the road traffic on the flat land, but also to increase the volume of road traffic, it will be built on the viaduct. The reason is to ensure transportation and prevent traffic congestion.

Friends who often go out should be able to find that most of China's high-speed railways do not go flat, only viaducts, why is this? Is it cheaper to build bridges than to lay tracks on the ground?

This starts with security. China's high-speed rail is generally about 300 kilometers per hour, at such a high speed, the most important thing is the straightness of the line, but also the slope is gentle, less turning, only in this way can the occurrence of rollover accidents be avoided. However, the geological conditions in China are complex, the altitude difference between regions is large, and the soil quality in many places is difficult to support the construction of track foundation.

For example, the soft soil along the Xuzhou-Shanghai line, the frozen soil and loess along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the loose loess on the plateau are all very poor soil in engineering properties and cannot be directly laid on the track. Therefore, for safety reasons, in order to increase driving stability, viaducts will be built on most road sections.

In addition, the pile foundation of the viaduct is very deep, and some can even reach sixty or seventy meters, which can effectively reduce the risk of track settlement caused by ground discovery, and also avoid extreme weather such as floods and mudslides affecting the normal passage of high-speed rail. Moreover, in the process of construction of high-speed rail, it is inevitable to pass by the ecological reserve, and the way of leading the road with bridges can protect the ecology to the greatest extent, avoid wild animals from crossing the track, and also reduce the probability of accidents for people to pass through.

At the same time, the outer soundproof panels of the viaduct can reduce the strong vibration and noise generated by the passage of high-speed rail. Of course, in addition to safety, saving money is also a big reason why China's high-speed rail chooses to build bridges. The construction speed and safety of traditional railway track construction are affected by the weather and the quality of workers, and the successful development of domestic bridge erecting machine has made bridge construction a relatively simple thing in China.

When the viaduct is laid, mechanized equipment is used throughout the process, which can not only control the error range and standardize the construction standards, but also improve the speed and reduce the cost. Although in the short term, it is more expensive to lay a viaduct, in fact, including the cost of later maintenance, it is much cheaper to build a viaduct than to build it on flat ground.

In addition to the above two factors, the occupation of land resources is also a very real problem. Laying tracks in rural areas will occupy a lot of arable land resources, and bridge construction can effectively reduce the occupation of arable land, and farming and grazing can still be done under viaducts. Not to mention that in cities where land resources are scarce, laying viaducts has always been the first choice.

Like the Shanghai-Hangzhou high-speed railway, it has a total length of 160 kilometers, of which 87% is bridge engineering. The viaducts rising from the ground have witnessed the development of China's high-speed rail. As of December 30, 2021, the total operating mileage of China's high-speed railways has exceeded 40,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world, and the length can circle the Earth's equator.

Not only that, China's high-speed rail has also exported Chinese standards to the world, and the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway built by China connecting Jakarta and Bandung, Indonesia, has become the first high-speed railway in Southeast Asia with a speed of up to 350 kilometers per hour.

With the development of high-speed rail, our transportation mode is changing. As long as the city we want to build has high-speed rail, the first thing is to trust us, high-speed trains are sometimes faster than airplanes, making it easier for people to get around. Our high-speed rail technology is imported, but we are better now.

Viaducts will be built on almost all of our high-speed rail lines, which is not cheap. The reason for the construction of the viaduct is still for the safety of high-speed rail operation.

Some of China's high-speed rail lines are mainly built on viaducts, which on the face of it clearly require more resources and budget than if they were built directly on the ground. In the past, the construction of high-speed railways on viaducts had the three advantages of standardization, environmental protection and avoiding the influence of terrain conditions. It is more cost-effective to build viaducts over some special terrain than to build railways directly on the ground.

Most of China's high-speed lines now have viaduct bridges, and the viaduct travel of some special lines even accounts for more than 80% of the total railway journey, but China will adopt the design after careful consideration, and the construction on the common basis of the cost of high-speed rail is obviously less than the construction of viaducts, but in some special terrain or special requirements for the line, it is more convenient to build viaducts than to directly build railways. Due to the advanced and standardized design of the Chinese viaduct, the overall difficulty of building the viaduct is actually lower than that of building it directly on the ground. High-speed trains are so fast that even the slightest mistake on the track can cause trouble.

However, China has a vast territory, and the geology of some places does not meet the construction specifications of high-speed rail tracks.

If a viaduct had been built at that time, these problems would have been avoided perfectly. Although it may seem like it will cost a lot of money to build, the viaduct is actually the most economical option. It can reduce the damage to the surface and does not require much geological work.

Mainly due to the fact that many sections of the high-speed rail are in the mountains, forests and wilderness, the road conditions are very complex, there are many uncertain factors, and the speed of the high-speed rail is very fast, if it is passed through the flat ground, it will affect the rest of the residents and produce noise.

Because there are train lines on the flat land, in order not to cause unnecessary trouble, it was built on an elevated road.

In this way, it can save arable land, and can reduce noise pollution, ground restlessness, and is better for the surrounding living environment.

The high-speed rail generally does not go to the flat ground, he walks on the viaduct, because where the high-speed rail can take the bridge, they all take the bridge, not because the land is not good. This is because viaducts are a more economical approach, and this so-called economy is in the long run, rather than the cost of construction. <>

The speed of the high-speed rail is very fast, and he has very high requirements for the quality of the railway, so the roadbed of the railway itself must be very thick, that is to say, it requires the strength of the road surface and covers a large area. If it is the ordinary ground, in our country it is the difference between winter and summer, especially in the vast northern region, everyone who has studied physics knows the thermal expansion and contraction, as long as it is the pavement of the land, it will freeze in winter, it will thaw in summer, and its roadbed is not strong enough. Even if it is said that it has produced a little change, this little change has affected the normal operation of the high-speed rail.

There is also the long-term sense of the economy, because in many places the high-speed rail has passed, it needs to cross the farmland. If it is directly passed on the farmland, it means that the farmland cannot be planted in all the places where the high-speed rail passes, but if he is walking on the viaduct, he only needs to stand on a few bridge piers, and the farmland in other places can still be planted in this way. China's cultivated land area is very limited, and now the population is very large, and the pressure on food is very tightBeing able to occupy as little arable land as possible is an economical approach in the long run.

China's high-speed rail technology is indeed among the best in the world, because we are very suitable for the development of this technology, China's territorial area is very large, the latitude and longitude spanned is very large, and then there is a great demand for personnel flow, the construction cost of maglev trains is too high, although it is very fast, but the cost is too high. High-speed rail is just a kind of middle approach, it is not slow, and the cost can be effectively controlled, so in recent years, high-speed rail has been vigorously built.

Now the cost of high-speed rail has been gradually declining, because the emergence of high-speed rail is not a matter of one or two years, our technology has matured, the technology of building viaducts is also mature, and the cost of large-scale production will naturally drop greatlyFor example, the United States has a very developed aviation industry, and they basically don't need high-speed rail, just take a plane, so the situation is different in each country, just like why our country is like a viaduct.

Why is China's high-speed rail built on viaducts? Wouldn't it be cheaper to build on flat land?

Why is China's high-speed rail not built on flat land, but spending 100 billion yuan to build viaducts? After reading it, I have seen the insight.

Because the viaduct will not obstruct the traffic on the road, the speed of high-speed rail is too fast, and putting high-speed rail on the viaduct will greatly reduce traffic accidents and increase the speed of high-speed rail operation.

Because the speed of high-speed rail is very fast, if it is built on flat ground, people or other animals passing by, they may not be able to see it, and it will cause injury, but if it is built on a viaduct, these injuries can be avoided.

There are many reasons for this: for example: sufferTerrain dropThe reason for this is to assume that the viaduct is leveled; Or forProtecting the natural environmentto avoid ecological damage; Or forSave arable land。Wait.

Because in this way, the land can be used well, the cost performance will be relatively higher, and the service life will be longer; That's not true.

This is to improve the cost-effectiveness and durability of high-speed rail. This can be more beneficial for later maintenance and service life.

It is because we have to build other houses on our flat land, and now our country's land resources are still quite small, and the space can be used well on the elevated highway, not to save money.

Because the main purpose of erecting the viaduct is to ensure safety, no matter where the high-speed rail is, it must ensure her safety.

Because the viaduct does not have to lay a foundation. This saves money and labor costs, which can be said to kill multiple birds with one stone.

Hello dear The reasons why many high-speed railways in my country are built on bridges: First, it is for the straightness and smoothness of the line. The so-called straight is to try to use straight lines or large radius of circular curves, and there can be no too many curves that are too sharp.

For example, the high-speed rail with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour requires the curve radius of the line to be not less than 7,000 meters. In many cases, bridge construction is used in order to cut corners and straighten them. The so-called smoothness means that there can not be too many ups and downs, which mainly involves a slope problem.

Second, in order for the line not to have too much settlement. Third, reduce maintenance costs: high-speed rail bridges use a large number of concrete structures, with stable material properties and small maintenance and repair workload in the later stage.

Especially in the high-speed railway built in the alpine seasonal freezing and grinding area, the bridge piles will not be affected by the annual freezing and melting of the surface soil layer when they go deep into the ground.

No matter how stable the ground is, there will be certain ups and downs, which means that there is no way to put in sufficient guarantees for the safety of high-speed rail operation on the ground. Therefore, in order to avoid the unstable state of the ground, our engineers chose the viaduct to improve the stability and safety of the high-speed rail.

In addition, the degree of curvature of the route must be strictly controlled, the minimum curve radius of 350 kilometers per hour is 7 kilometers, and the outer track must be slightly higher than the inner track, so that the possibility of the train telling the curve to overturn is reduced to almost zero. These technical standards also determine that viaducts must be built on high-speed rail sections.

First of all, it can save soil.

Land resources, because the high-speed rail is built on a viaduct, then there are several bridge piers on the ground, so that the land resources occupied are less. Then there is the high-speed rail built on the viaduct, so that it does not affect the transportation network below, and the pedestrians and vehicles below are safer. Then the high-speed rail is built on a viaduct, so its line can be straight and smooth, without affecting its speed and safety.

The high-speed rail is built on the viaduct, and its roadbed is more stable, because the viaduct is cast in situ with reinforced concrete.

There are many kinds of terrain that high-speed rail has to pass through, such as mountains, rivers, lakes, basins, hills, etc.; The only suitable and most economical way is to build a viaduct; This is much more convenient in the construction process, and the safety is much better than on the ground; It also leaves enough space on the ground to open up the road without occupying excess land area.

Bridges are built to cross roads and rivers in places that cannot be crossed directly, and because of the terrain, they form a straight line instead of a roller coaster.

Flat ground is to walk some, buses, cars, sidewalks which are enough if built to flat ground. There is so much flat land, so it is only at high altitude to save space.

The construction of viaducts for China's high-speed rail is because it is convenient for local people to travel together without affecting the lives of local people.

The speed of high-speed rail is very fast, and sudden accidents will make the high-speed train stop urgently, which will cause great damage to the train, and the emergency factors on the ground are much higher than those at high altitude, so it is better to use viaducts in this way, and the construction of high-speed rail is not only to consider the local area, but to consider the geographical situation of the entire line.