The reason for the advent of the Jingyi Examination, the introduction of the Jingyi Examination

"Jingyi Examination", an ancient Han scriptural work. Zhu Yizun of the Qing Dynasty examined the works of the classics of the past dynasties. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, as the style of study gradually returned from empty to real, scholars unanimously advocated the study of scriptures, paying attention to the evidence, and Zhu Yizun also studied in detail the existence of the scriptures of the past dynasties and wrote 300 volumes.

The original name of the book was "Jingyi Survival and Death Examination", only two cases of survival and death were listed, and then four cases were listed in Survival, Que, Yi, and not seen, because it was renamed "Jingyi Examination". His book divides the scriptures of the past dynasties into more than 20 categories, including Imperial Commentary, Yi, Shu, Poem, Zhou Li, Etiquette, Rites, Tongli, Music, Spring and Autumn, Analects, Filial Piety, Mencius, Erya, Qunjing, Four Books, Yijing, Weiwei, Imitation Sutra, Teacher, Preaching, Lixue, Publication Stone, Book Wall, Engraving, Bibliography, General Speaking, Family Studies, and Self-Description, and the following bibliography. Under each book, the author and the number of volumes are listed first, and if there are similarities and differences in the number of volumes, the number of volumes of a certain book is indicated.

Then the circumstances of the book's existence, obscurity, que, and unseen are examined, and the preface, the epigraph, and the commentaries of the book are detailed one by one, and if there is any opinion, it is attached to the end of the volume in the form of a case. In addition, there are other scriptures that originally belonged to a certain sutra but became their own volumes, such as the "Notes on the Dictionaries" of "Zhou Yi", the "Five Elements of Hongfan" of "Shangshu", and the "Xia Xiaozheng" of "Dadai Li Ji", etc., all of which are attached to the scripture. The book is extensive, well-researched, and rich in information, and has a high reference value for the study of ancient scriptures and related documents.

The General Catalogue of the Four Libraries commented on the book, in "the upper and lower 2,000 years, the Yuan Yuan book, so that the original story of the scriptures, one by one, can also be detailed." However, due to the limitations of the author's knowledge and information, the situation of some of the scriptures examined in the book is not accurate.

The book mainly includes the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book" and the "Four Preparations" and so on.

Zhu Yizun (1629-1709), a native of Xiushui (now Jiaxing), Zhejiang, was a scholar, historian and bibliographer. In the eighteenth year of Kangxi (1679), he was selected for his erudition and was awarded the review of the Hanlin Academy, and participated in the revision of the History of the Ming Dynasty. Erudite and talented, Kangxi once gave a plaque of "Studying the Scriptures and Museum" to praise him.

In the twenty-ninth year of Kangxi (1690), Zhu Yizun returned to the country after begging, lived in seclusion under the forest, and wrote books and said.

The "Examination of the Scriptures and Righteousness" is divided into 26 categories, the first record of the imperial notes, the three volumes of the scriptures written by the Emperor, the second record of 297 volumes of literature, the categories are: Yi class 70 volumes, 26 volumes, 22 volumes of poetry, 10 volumes of Zhou Li, 8 volumes of rituals, 25 volumes of rites, 4 volumes of Tongli, 1 volume of music, 45 volumes of the Spring and Autumn Period, 11 volumes of the Analects, 9 volumes of the Book of Filial Piety, 6 volumes of Mencius, 3 volumes of Erya, 13 volumes of the Qun Jing, 8 volumes of the 4 books, 3 volumes of the Yijing, 5 volumes of the Wei Wei, 13 volumes of the proposed scriptures, 5 volumes of the teacher, 1 volume of preaching, 1 volume of Lixue, 5 volumes of the publication stone, 1 volume of the book wall, There is one volume of engraving, one volume of bibliographies, four volumes of general talks, and two volumes of family studies and self-preface at the end, of which four volumes of preaching, establishing schools, family studies, and self-descriptions are recorded but not written. The name of the author, the title of the book, and the number of volumes (chapters) are recorded first, and if there are similarities and differences in the number of volumes, a certain book is indicated as a certain volume; and indicate the words "saved", "que", "unseen" and "fake", so as to know the circulation of the book; Then, the preface of the original book is compiled, introducing the Confucian doctrines, scripture schools and the life deeds of the authors, and they are arranged in chronological order.

Finally, there is the press language. For the relevant research of each book, Zhu Yizun himself examined and ordered. The book has a positive significance for the development of Chinese bibliography, and its influence has spread to the academic circles at home and abroad, and it is called "opening up a new continent for bibliography".

The original engraving of the book was not finished, and the 20th year of Qianlong (1755) was completed in the Lushi Yayutang of Dezhou. In addition, the twenty-third year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1897) was published by Zhejiang Book Company, and four reserve editions.

The Examination of the Classics is a specialized catalogue of Chinese scripture literature. There are many editions extant, and the common ones are the four libraries of Wenyuan Pavilion and the four books of Zhonghua Book Company. As for the proofreading, at present, only the corrected proofreading "Jingyi Examination" published by the Preparatory Office of the Institute of Chinese Literature and Philosophy of the ** Research Institute of Taiwan** Research Institute in 1997 can be found here.

This book is edited and reviewed by Mr. Lin Qingzhang, a scholar of the Academia Sinica, and proofread by Xu Weiping and others. The highlight of the book is that it absorbs the research results of the Qing Dynasty such as Weng Fanggang's "Jingyi Examination Correction" and other research results, which should be said to be the best proofreading of "Jingyi Examination" so far. However, after careful reading, there are many flaws in the school's point book.

As far as the writing of the "Book of Songs" is concerned, the effort of this proofreading is really not deep, and many of the mistakes left by Zhu Yizun have still not been well revised, which is a pity. The key reason for this is probably that the revisers of this part are not people with expertise in the study of poetry and classics, such as Mr. Chen Lesu's "Song History, Art and Literary Chronicles", which is a relatively good result in the study of Song Dynasty documents.

A Specialized Catalogue of Chinese Classics. Written by Zhu Yi of the Qing Dynasty and edited by Lu Jianzeng. Zhu Yizun (1629 1709) was a native of Xiushui, Zhejiang (now Jiaxing).

Qing Dynasty economist, historian and poet. Kangxi was erudite. He has participated in the compilation of "History of the Ming Dynasty", and is the author of "Jingyi Examination", "Old News under the Sun", "Exposing the Book Pavilion Collection", etc.

The Examination of Classics and Righteousness was written in 1695 and 1699 by Zhu Yizun after his resignation from the government and based on his previous observations and investigations of ancient and modern scriptures. Originally known as "Jingyi Survival and Death Examination", it began to be published in 1705, and only half of it was published at that time (to the Spring and Autumn Period). In the eighteenth year of Qianlong (1753), Lu Jian saw the original manuscript of the unengraved part of the "Jingyi Examination" at Zhu Daosun, the grandson of Zhu Yizun in Huainan, so he recompiled and proofread, added ordinary examples, and completed it in 1755, with a total of 300 volumes, and changed its name to "Jingyi Examination".

The first record of the imperial notes, the three volumes of the scriptures written by the imperial notes, and the 297 volumes of the 27 categories of scriptures literature, the categories are: Yi, books, poems, Zhou rites, rituals, rites, Tongli, music, Spring and Autumn, Analects, examination of the scriptures, Mencius, Erya, Qunjing, four books, Yijing, Weiwei, imitation of the scriptures, teachers, preaching, learning, publishing stone book walls, engravings, bibliographies, general sayings, family studies, self-descriptions, of which preaching, learning, family learning, self-description 4 volumes have been recorded without books, and they should be unfinished writing. The collected scriptures are first recorded with the name of the author, the title of the book, and the number of volumes (chapters), indicating the surviving, que, non-existent, unseen, and forged books.

Then the preface of the original book is compiled, introducing the Confucian doctrines, the schools of scripture and the life deeds of the authors. Finally, according to the language, it is Zhu Yizun's own examination.

The 12 volumes of the Jingyi Examination Supplement (1792), written by Weng Fang Gang of the Qing Dynasty in accordance with the style of the Jingyi Examination, can make up for the shortcomings of the book. In addition, Shen Tingfang has written "The Continuation of the Scriptures and the Righteous Examination" and so on.

In November of the 37th year of Qianlong (1772), Zhu Yun, a scholar in Anhui Province, proposed the compilation of the "Yongle Canon", which was approved by the Qianlong Emperor, and then ordered the compilation of the books and "all the official engraved books of the provinces and Wuyingdian" to be compiled together, called "Siku Quanshu". In this way, the compilation of the Yongle Canon led to the huge project of compiling the Siku Quanshu, which became the direct cause of the compilation of the Siku Quanshu. The compilation process of the Siku Quanshu.

There are four steps: the first step is to solicit books. The collection of books began in the 37th year of Qianlong (1772) and ended in the 43rd year of Qianlong (1778), which lasted for seven years.

In order to commend those who enter the books, the Qing court also formulated reward methods such as award books and inscriptions: "award books" means that those who enter more than 500 kinds of books will be given a copy of the "Collection of Ancient and Modern Books"; Those who enter more than 100 kinds of books will be given a copy of "Pei Wenyun Mansion". "Inscription", that is, those who enter more than 100 kinds of books, choose a fine and mellow book, and the Qianlong Emperor inscribes a simple chant to show his favor.

"Registered" means that the name of the person who took the book or the bibliophile is indicated in the abstract. With the strong assistance of the local government and the positive response of book collectors, the book collection work is progressing smoothly, with a total of 12,237 books collected, of which 4,808 are in Jiangsu, ranking first among all provinces; Zhejiang has 4,600 kinds of books, ranking second. Private bibliophiles such as Ma Yu, Bao Shigong, Fan Maozhu, and Wang Qishu also read a lot.