What are the commonly used water saving irrigation methods in agricultural irrigation?

In China, the existing commonly used water-saving irrigation methods include channel seepage prevention, sprinkler irrigation, micro sprinkler irrigation, infiltration irrigation and drip irrigation, etc., all of which artificially control the irrigation time and irrigation amount, and belong to the "passive" irrigation mode. In order to achieve smaller flow rates and long-distance installation, drip irrigation irrigators must continuously reduce the size of the flow channel, which leads to the problem that the flow channel is easy to block and difficult to manufacture. Water-saving irrigation technologies can be broadly divided into four categories: irrigation methods, water delivery methods, irrigation systems and field auxiliary measures.

Let's take a look at the commonly used irrigation methods.

Microspray. According to the way through which the irrigation water enters the root active layer, the irrigation methods can be divided into surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, micro irrigation and underground irrigation.

1.Surface irrigation is an irrigation technology in which irrigation water infiltrates the soil by gravity and capillary action during the flow of the ground, or a layer of water at a certain depth is established on the field surface and gradually infiltrates the soil by gravity. Surface irrigation is a simple, easy-to-implement field project with low head requirements and low energy consumption.

However, it is easy to destroy the aggregate structure of the ten soils, the topsoil is easy to compact, the utilization rate of water is low, and the workload of leveling the land is large.

2.Sprinkler irrigation is an irrigation method that uses mechanical and power equipment to shoot water into the air through a sprinkler (or nozzle) and land in the field in the form of raindrops. Sprinkler irrigation equipment is composed of water inlet pipes, pumps, water pipes, water distribution pipes and sprinkler heads (or nozzles), which can be fixed, semi-fixed or mobile.

It has the advantages of saving water, not damaging the soil structure, regulating the ground climate and not being limited by the terrain.

3.Micro-irrigation is an irrigation technology that uses micro-irrigation equipment to form a micro-irrigation system, transports pressurized water to the field, and moistens the soil near the roots of crops with a tiny flow through an irrigator. The main feature is that only the soil around the crop is infiltrated during irrigation, and the soil between the rows or trees away from the roots of the crop is kept dry, and the general irrigation flow is much smaller than that of full irrigation, so it is also called micro-irrigation, referred to as micro-irrigation.

The main advantages are: uniform irrigation, energy saving, small irrigation flow, strong adaptability to soil and terrain, can improve crop yield, increase salt tolerance; It is convenient for active control and significantly saves labor. It is more suitable for irrigating wide row crops, fruit trees, grapes, melons and fruits, etc.

4.Underground Irrigation The underground irrigation system generally consists of a water delivery part and a field irrigation part. The water conveyance part can be connected to the water source by channels or pipelines.

The irrigation part of the field is a seepage pipe network buried below the field surface, and the water seeps out along the hole of the pipe wall during irrigation, and enters the root layer through soil infiltration. This method has great limitations and is only suitable for general promotion when there is an impervious layer under the active root layer.

Sprinkler irrigation. To vigorously popularize water-saving irrigation technology, we must attach great importance to the popularization of water-saving measures in agriculture. This can be done by using dry breeding of rice for sparse planting, seedling throwing, mulching, and straw returning.

Measures such as deep ploughing and loosening of soil, cultivating and weeding, suppression, raking, and increasing the application of organic fertilizer can improve the soil's ability to store and retain moisture for natural precipitation. The application of chemical water-retaining preparations, the introduction and optimization of drought-resistant varieties and the adjustment of crop planting structure are also effective water-saving measures, which should be vigorously popularized in drought and water-scarce areas.

Water-saving irrigation measures include channel seepage prevention, water-saving ground irrigation, low-pressure pipeline water irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, spring irrigation, seepage irrigation, micro-sprinkling, etc. Compared with traditional irrigation, water-saving irrigation saves water and labor, and reduces energy consumption, which is the development trend of modern urban agriculture and the way to achieve efficient use of water resources.

Drip irrigation. Drip irrigation is a common irrigation method that uses water droplets to water the soil, which can meet the needs of some crops for watering methods, the realization principle of drip irrigation is to use a low-pressure pipeline system to dissolve the water dissolved in the chemical fertilizer and slowly drip into the soil of the root of crops with a regular and speed, the advantage of drip irrigation is that it can save water resources, the water used in irrigation is relatively small, and its water pipes are buried underground, so the use of ditches can be freed up to occupy space, Dissolving fertilizer in water and watering crops can reduce fertilizer loss, reduce soil compaction, and save us a lot of water resources.

The first point is that the exchange effect through the special pipe is ideal, the second point is that the result can be carried out through the special barrel, and the third can also be exchanged by spraying, which is very good.

Water-saving agriculture is agriculture that improves the effectiveness of water use, and is a systematic project for the comprehensive development and utilization of water, soil and crop resources.

1. Sprinkler irrigation is to spray the water with a fixed pressure into the air with the help of a pump and pipeline system or the use of natural water sources, and then disperse it into small water droplets or form a water mist, which falls on plants and plants. Irrigated land.

2 Micro irrigation is based on the needs of the crop, and then through the pipeline sail town system and the irrigation device installed on the final pipeline, with a relatively small flow rate, so that the water and nutrients required for crop growth are relatively uniform, an irrigation method, can be accurately and directly transported to the soil near the root of the crop.

The process of agricultural irrigation by conserving water. Drip irrigation can be used, which can achieve the purpose of saving water.

It's a farming model that uses less water, and I think drip irrigation can be used because it's the most water-efficient way to do it.

<> most effective way to save water in arid areas is drip irrigation. Drip irrigation refers to the irrigation device on the plastic pipe and capillary pipe to evenly distribute the water and nutrients needed by the crop, and then slowly drip into the soil of the root of the crop. Advantages of drip irrigation:

1. Reduce water evaporation, reduce air humidity, and effectively reduce diseases. 2. It saves 33% more water than sprinkler irrigation, and it is 33% more water-saving than furrow irrigation. 3. It can be irrigated and fertilized together, which can effectively improve fertilizer efficiency and reduce the amount of fertilizer used.

1. The most effective water-saving irrigation method in arid areas

The most effective way to save water in arid and water-scarce areas is drip irrigation.

1. Definition of drip irrigation.

Drip irrigation refers to the irrigation device on the plastic pipe and capillary pipe to evenly distribute the water and nutrients required by the crop, and then slowly drip into the root soil of the crop.

2. Advantages of drip irrigation.

1) Reduce the evaporation of water, reduce air humidity, and effectively reduce the probability of crop diseases.

2) Compared with sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation can save 33% of water and electricity, while compared with furrow irrigation, it can save water and electricity.

3) Drip irrigation can be combined with fertilization, which can effectively improve the effect of fertilizer, and can also reduce the amount of fertilizer, reduce costs and reduce pollution.

4) Drip irrigation can also avoid factors such as soil compaction to a large extent, reduced ventilation and air permeability.

3. Disadvantages of drip irrigation.

1) Drip irrigation may limit the growth of crop roots.

2) If drip irrigation is carried out on the soil with high salt content, then the salt in the soil will accumulate at the edge of the moist area, and if it goes down at this time, the salt may rush to the roots of the crop, causing salt damage.

3) The equipment of the dropper may be blocked due to factors such as water quality or chemical sediment, which may affect the normal drip irrigation.

2. What are the measures for water-saving irrigation?

Water-saving irrigation includes three measures: agronomic measures, engineering measures, and management measures.

1. Agronomic measures.

Depending on the local water source conditions, water-appropriate planting can be adopted, so that the planting structure of the crop can be adjusted. However, it is important to choose varieties that use less water and are drought tolerant.

1) Integrating the land first, leveling the field, deep ploughing and loosening the soil, and then increasing the application of organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil compaction and increase the water storage capacity of the main concession.

2) Mulching with plastic film or crop straw, or cultivating and raking, suppression and other measures to protect moisture, can reduce water evaporation loss.

2. Engineering measures.

Construction of reservoirs, ponds, ponds, water cellars and other water source projects.

1) Take anti-seepage measures for the channel, and then change the nullah into a pipeline for water transportation.

2) Prepare professional tools that can improve the canal system and various gates and valves on the pipeline, and install water measurement and metering devices.

3) The use of sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation can effectively improve furrow irrigation, furrow irrigation and flooding irrigation.

3. Management measures.

1) Policies and regulations to encourage water conservation, and methods to adjust water prices can be formulated to promote water conservation economically.

2) The water-saving irrigation system can also be used to guide irrigation and improve the organization of water management at the grassroots level.

3) Finally, pay attention to increasing the publicity of water conservation and popularizing water saving knowledge.