What are the main diseases of tomatoes? How to prevent it correctly?

Tomatoes are fruits and vegetables. It is eaten sweetly, loved and also has various vitamins, which also has great advantages for the body, so the growing area in our country is very large, and in order to ensure that you can eat on it in all seasons, many plantations are planted in greenhouses. If the effect of planting is natural, tomatoes often encounter some diseases, and if they cannot be solved, then the production is naturally affected, what are the common diseases?

1.Hollow heart disease.

When tomatoes have such a disease, the symptoms are not very noticeable, so many kinds of builders are neglected, which reduces a lot of income. If you want to distinguish between the disease, you should fix it yourself. Most hollow diseases occur during the winter months, and it is susceptible to this disease if there are large temperature changes or malnutrition.

When planting, it is necessary to pick a few pinch. Once it is pressed, it should be a disease because it is already empty, it will fertilize in time while the temperature is controlled and it can grow in a later time.

2.Rumor. This disease is more common.

After the onset of the disease, there will be scars similar to tomatoes. Since the symptoms are obvious, it is easy to distinguish. When you start to start, the local color will become abnormal, then the color will slowly deepen, and finally the scar will turn brown and can be scattered inside, but only one part of the disease is like this, the rest is normal.

Pay attention to the use of nitrogen fertilizer, not too much or too small, after the onset of the disease, while spraying the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

3.Type. This disease is mainly due to the environment, if it is managed regularly, if pollination is poor, it will become a problem for development, plus temperature changes, and the development of tomatoes will be greater, then it can easily lead to the occurrence of this disease.

At the bottom of the tomatoes, the bottom of the tomatoes will have smoke spots, and then gradually dry out, and finally the whole fruit will be damaged, so it is very important to manage it, and it can also be prevented in advance You can use it. Potassium phosphate prophylaxis**.

4.Grey. This spreads very quickly, so it is also a more harmful disease.

Once you find it, you have to deal with it immediately. Most of them are caused by this disease. At the onset of the disease, the tomato will turn brownish-yellow and then become very soft, eventually causing the fruit to fall.

If you find the disease, you have to remove the diseased tomato and bring it to the site, otherwise it will cause harm to other fruits, and then use **people**, especially the onset of the disease, must be sprayed in place.

The above four are the more common diseases, and it can be seen that these damage is very large, which is also the most undesirable and want to avoid these diseases. Learning, scientific management in planting, to give tomatoes can grow in the best environment, so that they can grow and develop better and effectively resist diseases.

The common pests and diseases of tomato are mainly early blight, gray mold, and leaf mold. Insect pests such as viral diseases include whiteflies, aphids, etc. Prevention and control methods, strengthen soil improvement, often the irreversibility of soil problems, resulting in a high incidence of diseases year after year, and disease-resistant seeds should be selected, and the seeds should be sterilized and sterilized.

Install insect nets and apply appropriate foliar fertilizer to accelerate nutrient supplementation.

Tomato powder. Symptoms: Damage to tomato leaves, petioles, stems and fruits. At the beginning, the leaf surface shows small pale green spots, and then irregular pink spots, and white flocculent matter is born on it. The mold layer is sparse, dense and felt-shaped, and the lesions are patchy or cover the entire leaf surface.

Prevention and control methods: (1) Clean the countryside. The diseased plants found in the field were immediately removed, and the method of drying and burning was adopted to reduce the source of bacteria in the field. After harvesting, the fields are cleared of diseased residues and weeds around the fields, and they are buried or incinerated deeply.

The common pests and diseases of tomato are mainly early blight, late blight, gray mold, and leaf mold. Insect pests such as viral diseases include whiteflies, aphids, etc. Prevention and control methods.

Choose good disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions. The seeds are sterilized and sterilized at high temperatures. Install insect nets, appropriate fertilization of foliar fertilizers.

Accelerate nutritional supplementation.

Common pests and diseases of tomatoes are bacterial wilt, early blight, late blight, gray mold, virus disease, in the process of control, it is necessary to spray carbendazim solution to tomatoes every other week to eliminate the bacteria on the plant, and can also regularly ventilate tomatoes, maintain air circulation in the environment, avoid bacterial breeding, and let tomatoes grow healthily.

1. Bacterial wilt

A common pest and disease of tomato is bacterial wilt, after the appearance of bacterial wilt, the leaves of tomato will wilt from top to bottom, affecting the growth of plants. In the prevention and control of bacterial wilt, it is necessary to soak the tomato seeds, soak them in the green enjoyment agent, and take them out after ten minutes to improve the disease resistance of the seeds.

2. Early blight

Tomato common pests and diseases also have early blight, its main symptoms are manifested in the leaves, stems and flowers and fruits of the appearance of black spots, and continue to expand, in the prevention and control of early blight, can be in the tomato seedling stage and growth period, every other month for it to spray the green enjoy agent, to eliminate the bacteria on the plant, so that it can grow healthily.

3. Late blight

Tomato common pests and diseases are late blight, the main symptoms of which are the blackening of seedlings, leaves and stems, which eventually lead to the lodging of the whole plant, in the prevention and control of late blight, the tomato can be irrigated at the seedling stage, and the roots are watered with carbendazim solution to destroy the bacteria in the soil and restore the growth of the plant.

4. Botrytis cinerea

Botrytis is also a common pest and disease of tomatoes, and its main symptoms are rotting and falling flowers and fruits, and dry and yellowing leaves. In the prevention and control of gray mold, you can spray clovelinol agent on tomato plants to avoid the breeding of gray mold, and can also ventilate tomatoes to maintain air circulation in the environment.

The young fruit stage begins to occur, mainly for the damage of 1 2 spike fruit, local browning occurs on the fruit surface in the fruit expansion stage, the fruit surface is uneven, individual fruits are brown and hardened or necrotic spots appear, and the vascular bundles in the peel can be found to be brown-brown strip-like necrosis, the heart of the fruit becomes hard or the flesh turns brown, and the commodity value is lost. x0d x0a The second is a white variant. It mainly occurs in the period when the green ripe fruit turns red, and its symptoms are that the fruit is unevenly colored, the light fruit shape does not change much, the heavy part near the fruit stalk appears green protrusion, the reddened part is slightly concave, and the bright surface is unevenly red and green.

X0D X0a control method: mainly in the management of the effort, appropriate increase of light to scientifically determine the sowing, planting period, the use of formula fertilization. Those who have the above symptoms can spray multi-element fertilizer.

The pathogen can overwinter on tomato plants, seeds, diseased residues, soil and weeds, and can survive for up to 20 years on dry seeds, where it can spread over long distances. Sowing infected seeds, seedlings can become diseased, and seedlings can be transmitted to the field after the disease, and spread through rainwater, insects, and agricultural operations, resulting in epidemics; As long as 10% of the plants are initially sick in the field, it can spread to the entire plot. Under the condition of temperature below 25 and relative humidity above 80%, it is conducive to the occurrence of diseases.

There are many pests and diseases that occur during the whole growth period of tomatoes, mainly including blight, cataplexy, bacterial wilt, morning and evening blight, 636f707962616964757a686964616f31333337613835 leaf mold, white silk disease, cotton bollworm, tobacco green worm, Spodoptera exigua, beet armyworm, etc.

1) Standing blight and cataplexy mainly occur at the seedling stage, and the roots can be drenched with 50 Dixon 600 times.

2) Bacterial wilt is a bacterial disease, which is very prone to occur in high temperature and humidity conditions in summer. If it is used as a peanut or solanaceae crop, it occurs more quickly. There is no specific cure for the disease, only early prevention:

a. Before selection, it is used as a field of rice or non-Solanaceae, peanut and other crops.

b. Select bacterial wilt resistant (resistant) varieties, such as Yuexing, Yuehongyu, Fengshun, American Minghua (successful varieties introduced by Yulin Agricultural Science Institute) tomatoes, etc.

c. Pharmaceutical prevention and control: in the early stage of the disease, rinse the roots with 72 agricultural streptomycin sulfate 4000 times or agricultural anti-"401" 500 times solution, and drench 2 3 times.

3) Morning and evening blight, leaf mold, white disease, etc. occur mostly in the middle and late stages. Prevention and control methods.

a. Avoid excessive dense planting without ventilation, especially in early spring, tomatoes should be thinned due to less sunlight and high humidity.

b. Planting high furrows to avoid stagnant water.

c. Pharmaceutical prevention and control: spray with 58 Ruixin (Redomir) 600 times or Prik 600 times, copper oxychloride 800 times, or 70 methyl tobuzine 800 times, 75 chlorothalonil 600 times, 64 alum 500 times liquid, 2 3 times of continuous medication, and pay attention to the alternate use of drugs.

4) Cotton bollworm, tobacco worm, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, etc., feed on tomato flowers, buds and fruits with larvae, mainly burying fruits, causing fruit shedding, and easy to cause pathogens to invade and cause decay, seriously reducing yield. It must be controlled at a young age, that is, when the larvae have not yet eaten into the fruit during the peak hatching period

a, with 20 cypermethrin (sweeping) 2000 times liquid, cyanuryl bromide (dichloride) 2500 times liquid, 5 anti-Taibao 2000 times liquid, kung fu 3000 times liquid, 90 trichlorfon 800 times liquid plus 40 dimethoate 1000 times liquid, etc., the spraying effect is better in the morning and evening.

b. When it is found that the damaged fruit (that is, the insect has penetrated into the fruit), it should be manually removed and sprayed comprehensively.