What are the common pests and diseases of tomatoes? How to prevent it correctly?

Umbilical rot, also known as top rot, mainly damages tomato fruits. It is a physiological disease of its own. When the temperature is high, the soil is not wet and dry.

First, in the case of uncoordinated moisture, tomato plants can not absorb nutrients normally, lack of calcium in the body, tomato wilt disease, belongs to soil-borne diseases, and has a serious disease in the fields planted with heavy stubble for many years.

<> early blight, also known as ring disease, is caused by infection by the fungus Alternaria subphylum Semi-Epiphylum. It mainly damages leaves, but can also damage stems and fruits. In the early stage of the leaves are water-soaked dark brown lesions, and then continue to expand into ringed spots, cotton bollworm, also known as heartworms, can occur in tomato for 2 or 3 generations in 1 year, and the pests overwinter in the soil.

The larvae mainly eat the flower buds, fruits, and young stems of the plant, causing the fruits to fall off due to being eaten by drilling, forming holes, susceptibility, and decay.

For the management of slow seedling stage, seedling stage, flower and fruit stage, use 150-300 times of R. solanacearum + 600 times of Wofonsu 600 times to spray 2-6 times, and root irrigation can also be done at the same time; During the high incidence period of the disease, garlic oil 1000-1500 times or other chemical drugs are compounded at the same time. Botrytis botrytis (Botrytis cinerea): In the early stage of the disease, tomatoes are sprayed with 40% Scarlett 1500 times liquid or 50% Pythium or 50% Suclin wettable powder 1000 times per mu.

Eggplant is sprayed with 1000 times of 50% iprodione (promexin) wettable powder per mu.

Soak in 50-52 hot water for 20 minutes before sowing to kill most of the germs inside and outside the seeds, and then soak the seeds to promote germination. The seedbed soil is disinfected, 5-10 grams of Radomir per square meter of seedbed are mixed well and then sown, and the cover soil is also subjected to the same treatment. When sprinkling base fertilizer, apply more base fertilizer, use farm fertilizer or livestock manure, human manure is the best, when planting, sprinkle an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer in each seed hole.

Common pests and diseases of tomato include bacterial wilt, viral diseases, late blight, aphids, cotton bollworms, etc. Prevention and control methods: For the prevention and control of bacterial wilt, you can choose disease-resistant varieties, strengthen fertilizer and water management, or use 77% suspension 800 times liquid immersion irrigation for prevention and control; For the prevention and control of viral diseases, 10% sodium nitrate soaking or zinc sulfate 1000 times liquid can be sprayed; To control late blight, it is necessary to improve the stress resistance of plants, or use 72% downy mildew net wetting powder diluted 800 times to spray.

There are mainly early blight, late blight, gray mold, leaf mold, virus disease, etc., and the main insect pests are whiteflies, aphids, etc. The correct prevention and control methods are: selecting disease-resistant (resistant) varieties with good commerciality and high yield according to local conditions.

The seeds are treated with high temperature to kill pathogenic bacteria attached to the surface. Mix 50% carbendazim wettable powder with 50% Fumei double wettable powder at a ratio of 1:1, and mix with 15-30 kg of fine soil at 8-10 grams per square meter.

When sowing, 1 3 is spread on the bed, and the remaining 2 3 is covered with seeds.

Hollow heart disease, tendon rot, pedicle rot, and gray mold are very common.

Timely fertilization, while controlling the temperature, pay attention to the use of nitrogen fertilizer, not too much or too small, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the plant at the same time. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used to prevent and control the disease, and the diseased tomatoes should be removed directly

Common diseases of tomato include umbilical rot, early blight, etc., and insect pests mainly include aphids, whiteflies, etc. In order to carry out prevention and control, it is necessary to pay attention to its management at the seedling stage, use drugs appropriately, and pay attention to soaking in hot water before sowing to kill germs. After sowing, use some basic fertilizer to ensure the nutrients needed for growth.

The leaves will turn yellow and droop, the size of the tomato will be small, it will not keep warm, and the growth will not be very good, and the size will not be there; Watering more, fertilizing more, the temperature should be suitable, there should be a certain amount of sunshine, spraying nutrient solution, and also spraying insecticides.

A common ailment of tomatoes is late blight. Viral diseases, bacterial wilt, cotton bollworm. These diseases can cause the fruit of the plant to grow poorly.

A common symptom is infection of mosaic streaks. In severe cases, the entire plant can be infected. If a bollworm is encountered, it is necessary to carry out insect fighting.

Spray the insecticide at regular intervals. For example, 15% avidoxin emulsifiable concentrate 1000 1500 times liquid.

Late blight mainly harms the leaves and fruits of tomatoes, and the seedlings and adults will be infected, such as seedling stem disease, seedling stem disease, disease spots above the branches and leaves, and leaf death, white mildew layer will also appear in humidity, and gray-brown disease spots will appear in the adult leaves. Control methods: strengthen field management, improve plant stress resistance, watering on sunny days, do a good job of ventilation and humidification, reasonable dense planting, timely pruning and crossing, improve field ventilation and light transmission conditions, in the early stage of the disease, can use 72% downy mildew net wetting powder diluted 800 times, spray once every 7 10 days, the effect is very good.

Viral diseases. It is mainly manifested as mosaic type, stripe type, fern leaf type, with slight markings on the leaves, purple veins, dark brown to dark brown stripes on the stems, and the plants wither and die in the later stage, the diseased fruits are deformed, and irregular necrotic spots appear. Control Method:

Disease-resistant varieties were selected, planted early, watered in time during the fruit expansion period, soaked with 10% sodium nitrate before sowing, and sprayed with 8% Ningnan water agent 800 1000 times or zinc sulfate 1000 times or 20% morpholinoguanidine ethyl copper wetting powder after the effect, and the effect was very good.

Common pests and diseases of tomatoes are bacterial wilt, early blight, late blight, gray mold, virus disease, in the process of control, it is necessary to spray carbendazim solution to tomatoes every other week to eliminate the bacteria on the plant, and can also regularly ventilate tomatoes, maintain air circulation in the environment, avoid bacterial breeding, and let tomatoes grow healthily.

1. Bacterial wilt

A common pest and disease of tomato is bacterial wilt, after the appearance of bacterial wilt, the leaves of tomato will wilt from top to bottom, affecting the growth of plants. In the prevention and control of bacterial wilt, it is necessary to soak the tomato seeds, soak them in the green enjoyment agent, and take them out after ten minutes to improve the disease resistance of the seeds.

2. Early blight

Tomato common pests and diseases also have early blight, its main symptoms are manifested in the leaves, stems and flowers and fruits of the appearance of black spots, and continue to expand, in the prevention and control of early blight, can be in the tomato seedling stage and growth period, every other month for it to spray the green enjoy agent, to eliminate the bacteria on the plant, so that it can grow healthily.

3. Late blight

Tomato common pests and diseases are late blight, the main symptoms of which are the blackening of seedlings, leaves and stems, which eventually lead to the lodging of the whole plant, in the prevention and control of late blight, the tomato can be irrigated at the seedling stage, and the roots are watered with carbendazim solution to destroy the bacteria in the soil and restore the growth of the plant.

4. Botrytis cinerea

Botrytis is also a common pest and disease of tomatoes, and its main symptoms are rotting and falling flowers and fruits, and dry and yellowing leaves. In the prevention and control of gray mold, you can spray clovelinol agent on tomato plants to avoid the breeding of gray mold, and can also ventilate tomatoes to maintain air circulation in the environment.

1. Cotton bollworm: plough the land, water the land, and reduce the source of insects. 2. Melon silk borer:

In the early stage of larvae, remove the leaf curls in time, and advocate the use of insect nets. 3. White whitefly: spray and control with 2000-3000 times of deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate.

4. Tea yellow mites: spray the whole tomato plant with 3000 times of 15% pyridafen emulsifiable concentrate.

1. Cotton bollworm

Tomato bollworm mainly harms the fruit of the crop, the larvae eat buds, flowers, fruits, but also harm the tender stems, leaves and buds, before planting tomatoes, to plough the land, watering the land, reduce the source of overwintering insects, after the onset of the disease with 25% juvenile vein suspension emulsion 600 times liquid, spray 2 times in a row.

2. Melon silk borer:

Tomato melon silk borer insect pest mainly harms the mesophyll of crops, young insects eat mesophyll on the back of the leaf, gray and white spots, in order to prevent this phenomenon, advocate the use of insect nets, control melon and silk borer and treat yellow gourd, in the early stage of larvae, timely removal of leaf curls.

3. Whitefly

Tomato whitefly adults and nymphs suck plant juice, the damaged leaves fade green, yellow, wilt, and even the whole plant dies, can be sprayed with deltamethrin EC 2000-3000 times, or 10% parachlorpin EC 1000 times to prevent hunger.

4. Tea yellow mites

After the tomato is damaged, the leaves become thickened, smaller and harder, the reverse side of the leaves is brown and rusty, oily, the leaf edge is rotten to the back and curls like a comma, the young stem is rusty, the tip and neck end are dead, the flower buds are deformed, and they cannot bloom, and they can be sprayed with 15% pyridalin EC 3000 times in the early stage of the disease.

This disease is one of the most common and harmful tomato diseases, mainly manifested on fruits and leaves. Once the disease occurs, the lesions will spread from the leaves to the main stem, and the young stems of the plant will gradually rot and the upper branches and leaves will die. Specifically, it is recommended to rotate crop with other plants that are not Solanaceae for at least three years.

During the disease season, remove the leaves and fruits that are already diseased. Avoid overwatering and prune promptly. At the beginning of the disease, it can be diluted 800 to 1000 times with 72% downy mildew net wettable powder.

The manifestations of this disease are yellow tops, clumps, leaf rolls, etc., which generally occur in a relatively dry and hot environment, especially when there are more aphids, you can choose disease-resistant hybrid varieties, or you can choose seeds without infection for disinfection. At the beginning of the disease, it is recommended to choose 1000 times of 40% powder to spray for prevention. The powder should be soluble.

This insect is the biggest pest of tomatoes, which can occur all year round, eating the fruits and flowers of plants, and even harming buds, stems and leaves. The plant can be topped when the bollworm lays eggs to reduce the number of pests in time. Or you can use 30% touch emulsifiable concentrate or 15% unit of aveidox emulsifiable concentrate 1000 to 1500 times during the incubation period to spray it when the sun is good.

Tomatoes are well-known as tomatoes. Tomatoes are widely cultivated in China. They taste sweet and sour.

Not only are they appetizing, but they also supplement vitamin C. After cooking, the content of lycopene and other antioxidants will increase significantly, which can reduce the risk of heart disease and anti-aging. Therefore, tomatoes are favored by people.

Tomato diseases and insect pests are mainly mosaic leaf type, stripe type and fern leaf type. There are slight spots on the leaves, purple veins on the leaves, dark brown to dark brown stripes on the stems, and the plants wilt and die in the later stages.

The diseased fruit is deformed, and irregular necrotic spots appear. Choose disease-resistant varieties, sow early, water in time when the fruit is expanded, and soak the seeds with 10% sodium nitrate before sowing. After the onset of the disease, spray control was carried out with 8% Ningnan aqueous solution 800 1000 times or zinc sulfate 1000 times or 20% morpholinoguanidine copper wettable powder.

The results are very good. You can cut off the first flower for each ear and then the second flower. When it opens, it will open in three lines.

Then, we start spraying the flowers to make the size of the fruit more even. This nutrient can also be completely given to future flowers and fruits.

If there are 6-7 flowers per inflorescence, but we still recommend leaving 4-5 fruits after fruit set, of the same size, of good fruit type, without pests or deformities, then we will remove the rest of the fruits. In general, high potassium fertilizers are usually used twice as much as nitrogen fertilizers. At this time, we must pay attention to the adequacy of potash fertilizer.

Tomato cellulose helps to promote intestinal peristalsis and relieve constipation. It also lowers serum cholesterol and lowers blood lipids.

Tomatoes are rich in potassium, which can increase the excretion of sodium in the urine, reduce blood volume, lower blood pressure, and soften blood vessels. Some of the organic acids in tomatoes, such as citric acid and malic acid, can increase the acidity of gastric juice, promote digestion, regulate gastrointestinal function, and reduce appetite loss and indigestion. Some vitamins such as carotene in tomatoes are very rich, which can promote bone calcification, greatly help the formation of tooth tissue, and play a certain auxiliary role in periodontitis, nosebleeds and bleeding disorders.

Pesticides need to be sprayed, and the treatment effect is quite good in the way of pesticide treatment, and it can be sprayed once every three days.

It is spraying pesticides, and using pesticides can be a good way to control pests, and some pesticides are specifically aimed at these insects, and the effect is very good.

First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature of planting, and at the same time should do a good job of soil drainage, as well as to use pesticides and fungicides in time.