What exactly is the definition of Tang and Song words?

The word was originally mainly popular among the people, and around the middle and Tang dynasties, poets Zhang Zhihe, Wei Yingwu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi and others began to write words, introducing this style into the literary world. By the time of the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, there had been a great development of literati lyrics, and the creation of Wen Tingyun, the late Tang Dynasty lyricist Wen Tingyun, the "Huajian School" lyricist represented by him, and the Southern Tang lyricist represented by Li Yu and Feng Yansi, all made important contributions to the maturity of the word style and the establishment of the basic lyrical style. In the Song Dynasty, the creation of words gradually became a grand spectacle, producing a large number of outstanding lyricists, famous works emerged in endlessly, and various styles and genres appeared.

The development of Song Ci is divided into three stages. In the first stage, Yan Shu, Zhang Xian, Yan Jidao, Ouyang Xiu and others inherited the remnants of the "Flower Room", which was the transition from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty; In the second stage, Liu Yong and Su Shi's new development in form and content, as well as the artistic creations of Qin Guan, Zhao Lingzhen, He Zhu and others, promoted the prosperity of the Song Dynasty in which various styles competed for development. In the third stage, Zhou Bangyan's collection of artistic creation reflects the deepening and maturity of Song Ci.

The lyrics of the poets of the Tang and Song dynasties to the banquet songs are commonly known as Tang and Song songs. Lyrics or lyrics are the same as today's poets who write lyrics to popular songs. However, in ancient times, there were few songs, and there were many people with lyrics, and many people gave lyrics to the same song, and there were many words under the same word plate.

Nowadays, there are many popular songs, but there are few lyricists, most of them have only one word for a song, and many times there are words first, and then the music. This is different from the situation in the Tang and Song dynasties.

Ci is a type of ancient Chinese poetry. It began in the Liang Dynasty, formed in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty, so it is commonly known as Song Ci. The formal characteristics of words are that "the tone has a fixed frame, and the sentence has a que."

According to the "Old Tang Book"; "Since Kaiyuan (Tang Xuanzong), singers have used the songs of Huyili Lane. "Due to the wide circulation of **; At that time, there were many excellent musicians in the city who made a living from singing, and according to the needs of singing lyrics and beats, they created or adapted some songs with uneven long and short sentences, which were the earliest words. It can also be seen from the lyrics of Dunhuang tunes that the words produced by the folk are decades earlier than the words written by the literati.

There are two schools of words, one: the graceful school; Two: Extravagant.

Ci is another form of poetry, a new literary style that emerged in the Tang Dynasty, and in the Song Dynasty, after a long period of continuous development, it entered its heyday. Words are also known as song words, long and short sentences, poems, is to fill in the song and poem with the feast music, the word card is the name of the tune of the word, different word cards in the total number of sentences, the number of sentences, the number of words of each sentence, and the level are stipulated.

The most fundamental difference between Tang poetry and Song poetry is that there is a great difference between the number of words and sample style of Tang poetry and Song poetry, the number of words in Tang poetry is fixed, and Song poetry does not make a corresponding provision on the number of words. If you want to distinguish between Tang poems and Song Ci, you can also use Tang poems and Song Ci.

In terms of content, the content of Tang poems is mainly expressed by the feeling of loftiness, and the most important thing is the feelings of family and country.

And Song Ci will pay more attention to the changes in personal emotions.

Later generations always compare Tang poetry and Song poetry, which is also because the number of Tang poetry and Song poetry in literary creation is relatively large, and the connection between the two is also very profound, and the Tang and Song dynasties are also in a cohesive relationship, so Tang poetry and Song poetry are naturally linked. Tang Lion.

The development was mainly influenced by the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, especially the development of poetry, which reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, and the expression form of poetry was very simple, and it was very charming to read, so it was also deeply liked by some poets. By the time of the Song Dynasty, the literati of the Song Dynasty were influenced by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.

, so he gradually liked to express his emotions by writing words, which also became the mainstream of Song Dynasty literature.

The development of Tang poetry has gone through four periods: the early Tang Dynasty, the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the Middle Tang Dynasty, and the late Tang Dynasty, in fact, it is also diverse, and the emphasis on rhyme is very profound, and the four sentences are required to be contrasted with each other. Song Ci is a kind of **, the production and development of literary Song Ci and the creation have a certain relationship with **, and there are also many famous lyricists during the development of Song Ci, and they also have different styles and genres.

In the end, most of the content of Tang poems is based on very splendid culture, while the poems of the Song Dynasty are mainly based on plain beauty, so Tang poems and Song poems have a very unique style.

It can be distinguished in this way: 1The format is different. Tang poems emphasize rhyme, gentleness, and opposition.

The rhythm is very strict, the rhythm is flat, and the peace of each sentence is stipulated, and each article must have counterpoint, and the position of counterpoint is also regulated. Tang poems include five poems. quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character rhyme poems, etc.

Song Ci is a kind of poetry, which is the lyrics of harmony, also known as song words, music house, movement, long sentences, poetry rain, qin fun, etc. 2The subject matter is different. Tang poems mostly describe the rise and fall of the country and the suffering of reputation, while Song poems mainly describe the love between men and women, and express the author's personal feelings.

The form of expression is different, the content is different, the theme of the function is different, the way of writing is different, and the time of appearance is different. Distinction can be made by genre.

1. Origin: The lyrics of the song originate from the folk, and slang and vulgarity are its natural tendencies. Due to the rediscovery of a large number of "quzi words" in the Dunhuang grottoes, the idea that the words originated from folk literature has been widely recognized.

The lyrics that occurred and formed during the Sui and Tang dynasties were originally sung with a new **, "Yan Music".

2. Development: It has appeared in the Tang Dynasty and was initially popular among the people. After five dynasties to two Song dynasties, the word was greatly developed and became the main literary form of the Song Dynasty. Song Ci is mainly used to describe erotic feelings.

3. Peak: When the Song Dynasty reached its peak, Su Shi should be said to be the ultimate founder of the literati lyrical tradition, and some people believe that this is also the beginning of the downhill road of historical development.

Chen Shidao used "poetry as words" to evaluate Su words, and the essence of Su word innovation in Taoism. On the whole, the process of "elegance" of words is, in a sense, also a process of words gradually moving closer to poetry, and striving to cross the boundary between "words and aspirations" and "romance".

The difference between Tang poetry and Song poetry lies in the difference in subject matter, Tang poetry focuses more on political themes in terms of subject matter, with the rise and fall of the country, people's livelihood and suffering, ambition, and the ups and downs of the sea as the main content, expressing the emotions shared by social groups.

A significant feature of Song poems in terms of subject matter is that they mainly describe lovesickness and parting, and most of the author's personal self-emotions are expressed.

The styles of Tang and Song poems are related to the times, and cannot be mechanically divided by time periods; Tang poetry started from the Han and Meng poetry schools to start with the Song tune, and the Song Dynasty also had those who inherited Tang sounds, such as the Bai style and Xikun style in the early Song Dynasty.

The poetry of the Song Dynasty can be divided into six different development periods according to the chronological order, and although its achievements are not as good as those of Tang poetry, it still has a great influence on later generations and occupies an important position in the history of Chinese literature.

1. The format is different, the rhyme, pingxuan, and battle of Tang poems have a lot of exquisiteness, the rhythm is very strict, the rhyme is flat, and there are regulations for each sentence, each article must have a battle, and the position of the battle is also stipulated, Tang poetry includes five-word quatrains, seven-word quatrains, five-character rhythm poems, etc. Song Ci is a kind of poetry, which is the lyrics of ensemble, also known as song words, music house, movement, long and short sentences, poems, qin fun, etc.

2. The subject matter is different. In terms of subject matter, most of the Tang poems are written about the rise and fall of the country and the suffering of fame, while the Song poems are mainly based on the love between men and women, and most of them express the author's personal feelings.

3. Different from the relationship with **, Tang poems had an indissoluble bond with ** at first, but later broke away from ** and gradually moved towards their own maturity and prosperity. However, Song Ci is a new kind of rhyme poetry, which must be filled in according to the rhythmic tone specified in the word score, and it has always been related to **.

Tang poetry generally refers to poems created in the Tang Dynasty, and can also be extended to refer to poems created in the style of the Tang Dynasty, inheriting the poems of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Southern Dynasties, and opening the Song Dynasty. "Nine days to open the palace, all the nations to worship the crown. "During the Tang Dynasty, China's economic prosperity and social stability, frequent foreign exchanges, and free-spirited thoughts, the gradual development and improvement of near-style poetry became the peak and model of ancient Chinese literature.

Tang poetry has great significance and value for future generations to study the politics, folk feelings, customs, and culture of the Tang Dynasty. After the Tang Dynasty, the anthologies and anthologies of Tang poetry continued to emerge, and the Qing Dynasty's "All Tang Poems" collected more than 50,000 Tang poems, and the most widely circulated was the "Three Hundred Tang Poems" compiled by the Tang Retreat.

Song ci (songs, music, movements, long and short sentences) was a literary genre that prevailed in the Song Dynasty. Song poetry has long and short, easy to sing, formed in the Tang Dynasty and reached its peak in the Song Dynasty, and Tang poetry is called Shuangjue. The representative figures of Song Ci mainly include Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Liu Yong, and Li Qingzhao.

Tang poetry generally refers to poems created in the Tang Dynasty. Tang poetry is one of the most precious cultural heritages of the Chinese nation, and it is the answer in the treasure house of Chinese culture.

A pearl has also had a great impact on the cultural development of many nations and countries in the world, and has important reference significance and value for future generations to study the politics, folk feelings, customs, and culture of the Tang Dynasty.

Song Ci generally refers to words created in the Song Dynasty. It is a Chinese literary genre that prevailed in the Song Dynasty, and Song Ci is one of the new styles of poetry relative to ancient poetry, marking the highest achievement of Song Dynasty literature.

The representative figures of Tang poetry mainly include Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Meng Haoran, etc.;

The representative figures of Song Ci mainly include Su Shi, Xin Qiji (representative lyricist of the Haofang faction), Liu Yong, and Li Qingzhao (representative lyricist of the Wanyue faction).

Tang poetry is characterized by short structure and symmetrical language. The structure of Song Ci is relatively loose and there is no fixed layout. The structure and style of Tang poetry are more restrictive, while the style of Song poetry is more casual and comfortable. At the same time, Song poetry is more suitable for chanting, while Tang poetry is dominated by poetry.

The forms of Tang poetry are varied. There are two main types of ancient style poems in the Tang Dynasty: five-character and seven-character. There are also two kinds of close poems, one is called quatrain, and the other is called rhythmic poetry.

Quatrains and rhymes are different from each other in five and seven words. Therefore, there are basically six basic forms of Tang poetry: five-character ancient style poems, seven-character ancient style poems, five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character poems, and seven-character poems.

Ancient style poems have relatively wide requirements for rhyme and rhythm: in a poem, the number of sentences can be more or less, the chapters can be long or short, and the rhyme can be transformed. Near-body poems have stricter requirements for rhyme and rhythm:

There is a limit to the number of sentences in a poem, that is, four quatrains and eight rhythmic poems. The lyric also requires the middle four lines to be a battle. The style of ancient style poetry is handed down from previous generations, so it is also called ancient style. Near-style poetry has a strict rhythm, so some people also call it a rhythmic poem.

For details, see the encyclopedia Tang poems.

Song Ci is the most distinctive literary style of the Song Dynasty, and it has both literary and ** characteristics. Each word has a key name, which is called "word card", and the word according to the tune is called "Yisheng". The word alias "long and short sentences" ( After the Song Dynasty, it can be said that long and short sentences are aliases of words, but in the Northern Song Dynasty, long and short sentences were the original names of words; In the Tang Dynasty, long and short sentences were still a poetic noun).

For details, please see the encyclopedia Song Ci.

The difference between Tang poetry and Song poetry is no longer the difference in the number of words, but also the political element and artistic element.