What is leech farming technology? What is the breeding technique of leeches

Leech Farming Technology" was edited by Liu Mingshan and published by Jindun Publishing House.

The overview of leech breeding technology mainly introduces the medicinal value and economic value of leeches, the biological characteristics of leeches, the selection and construction of breeding sites, bait and **, feeding management, the construction of wintering solar greenhouses, the introduction and reproduction of leeches, pest control, harvesting, processing and utilization. The content is scientific and practical, and easy to understand.

leeche, commonly known as leech; It is recorded in the "Shennong Materia Medica" that leeches have high medicinal value; Leeches grow and breed in inland freshwater waters, and leeches are traditional Chinese special medicinal aquatic animals.

Leeches, commonly known as leeches, grow and breed in inland freshwater waters, and are traditional Chinese special medicinal aquatic animals, so, what is the breeding technology of leeches?

1.Pay attention to escape: build an escape wall around the perimeter of the pond with a height of more than 80 90 cm. The inside of the wall is plastered with cement and sand.

2.A large number of aquatic plants are stocked: water hyacinth and duckweed are the mainstay. Leeches are afraid of direct sunlight, so a large number of aquatic plants can be used as fodder for snails, as well as shading, and leeches can also lay eggs on them.

3.Provide sufficient feed: about 50 kg of snails should be put into every 667 square meters of water surface.

In addition, leeches should be given livestock and poultry blood clots once a week, but the blood clots should not contain salt. In order not to affect the water quality, blood clots cannot be thrown directly into the water. A blood clot can be placed on a wooden block to float on the water.

Leeches can climb up to feed after smelling, and the blood clot should not be left for more than two days.

4.Leeches should not be released directly into the pond after introduction: because during transport the leeches themselves will produce a mucous membrane that acts as a protective film. Choose a cool, damp area around the pond and place the leeches in it and let them climb into the pond on their own to reduce death.

5.Note that leeches breed in the dirt underneath the mulch, not in the water. During the breeding period, if the water overflows the soil bed for about 7 days, the leech eggs will die due to lack of oxygen, so attention should be paid to ensure the success of breeding.

6.Timely capture: The capture period is generally in October.

The salvaged leeches are divided into large, medium and small. The large ones are screened out and put back into the pond to be kept as leech seeds; The small ones are also placed in a pond to continue to be raised, so that they can be salvaged when they are raised to more than 15 grams in the second year**; Medium ones should be processed into dry products immediately after processing**.

Leech pharmacological effects

Leech decoction has a strong anticoagulant effect, can significantly prolong the cohesion time of fibrin, leech extract, hirudin has a significant inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation, inhibits thrombosis in rats, and has a good effect on diffuse intravascular coagulation. Leech decoction improves blood rheology. It can lower blood lipids, reduce atherosclerotic plaques, increase myocardial trophic blood flow, and fight against arrhythmias or obvious T wave and ST segment changes caused by posterior pituitary lobes.

Promote cerebral hematoma absorption, reduce inflammation and edema of surrounding brain tissues, alleviate increased intracranial pressure, improve local blood circulation, and protect brain tissues from destruction. It also has a significant inhibitory effect on subcutaneous hematoma. Leech decoction has a significant protective effect on renal ischemia, can reduce the levels of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine, and has a significant effect on the increase of serum tumor necrosis factor.

Hirudin also has an inhibitory effect on tumor cells. In addition, leech decoction also has the effect of terminating pregnancy.

Leech adverse reactions

On the 7th and 11th days of gestation, the daily administration of leech decoction in mice could reduce the weight of fetal mice, which had obvious paralytic effect, increased the proportion of stillbirth and absorption, and had a significant abortion effect.

Attention should be paid to the cultivation of leeches: water quality, temperature, selection of leeches, hatching, bait.

1. Water quality

The adaptability of leeches to the pH (pH) of water is also very wide, generally requiring the pH of water to be between 6-8, and the transparency of fertilizer and water to be 20-30 cm, and the feeding effect of leeches in this water is better.

2. Temperature

Leeches are suitable for growth at a water temperature of 10-30, and grow fastest at 25-30.

3. The choice of leeches

When choosing to plant leeches, you must choose individuals that are fat and large, and generally the weight of each one is more than 12 grams is the best. And to be relatively mobile, the leech's body surface should be smooth, brightly colored, and there should be no scars on the body.

4. Incubation

Leeches generally lay eggs above 11 degrees Celsius, and then after 16 to 25 days they can hatch small leeches. Three days after hatching, the leeches can come to find food on their own, and will suck the blood of mussels and screws.

5. Bait

From mid-April to late May every year, it is the early stage of growth of young leeches, at this time, the blood of vertebrates such as pigs, cows, sheep and other vertebrates can be splashed on the water surface for young leeches to suck.

The breeding technology of leeches includes the selection of breeding environment, the breeding and reproduction of leeches, and the provision of feed.

1. Selection of breeding environment.

Leeches are adaptable, but the ideal environment is a clean freshwater pond or container. Ensure that the water is clean, free of contamination, and maintains the right temperature and pH value. The breeding site should be protected from direct sunlight and can provide some shade.

2. Breeding and reproduction of leeches.

Choose healthy adult leeches as a provenance and avoid using individuals with disease or malformations. Adult leeches are sex-distinct, and males have weak reproductive ability, so females are mainly selected.

3. Feed is provided.

Leeches feed mainly on earthworms, ants, and other small arthropods. Sufficient food sources need to be provided during the breeding process to ensure the normal growth and development of leeches. Feed can be achieved by adding an appropriate amount of earthworms or ant imitation buckets to the breeding environment.

Physical characteristics of leeches:

Leeches have an elongated, cylindrical body and are usually dark brown or black. It is fully equipped with 34 retractable chains, each with a pair of barb-like appendages. The head is relatively small, with a conical anterior end, and has suction cups that allow it to adhere firmly to the surface of the host's body.

The mouth of the leech is located on the underside of the head and has three jawless teeth that are used to bite open the host's mouth. There are also sensory organs around the mouth that help leeches find their hosts.

Leeches are generally about 5-10 cm in length, but they become significantly larger when they are full. In addition, leeches have tiny and dense bristles on their body surface that help them fix and move on the surface of their host.

Leech is a kind of aquatic animal, and it is also a traditional medicinal aquatic animal in China, which has a very obvious effect on stroke and high blood pressure. And as people study leeches more and more, it is also found that leeches have anti-cancer effects. Its breeding prospects and economic benefits are very impressive.

1. Breeding environment.

Leech breeding sites should be established in an environment with good wind shelter and suitable light. In spring and autumn to meet the needs of leech growth needs of light, Zhengsen lead and then winter can do a good job of cold protection. A suitable breeding environment is the key to the healthy growth of leeches.

When we establish a farm, we should not only build it reasonably according to the living habits of water quality, but also ensure that the water is of good quality, temperature and humidity, and light is suitable, so as to create a good growth environment for leeches. It is also necessary to minimize costs, reduce costs, and improve the efficiency of breeding.

2. Seedlings are put in.

If it is in the countryside, leech seedlings can be harvested from the wild. When breeding, we have to choose a good breed, and now the most common breeding species are mainly leeches. The growth ability of the golden leech is very strong, with strong reproductive ability, and the yield is relatively stable.

The general breeding period of leeches is concentrated in June, so the stocking time of seedlings should be controlled in spring. The spring environment is very suitable for the growth of leeches, with a suitable temperature, which is very helpful for the growth of leeches, and can usually be harvested and processed around October every year.

3. Bait management.

The bait of leeches is mainly snail meat and plankton, and the flesh and internal organs of various animals are generally selected as bait for feeding. And with an appropriate amount of crop straw, it can be polycultured with some ordinary snails to provide natural bait for leeches. However, it is also necessary to pay attention to the number of snails, not to put too much, otherwise it will affect the growth of leeches, resulting in insufficient growth space for leeches and reducing their reproductive ability.

When feeding the bait, it is necessary to pay attention to the feeding frequency and remove the uneaten bait in time. Especially in summer, avoid high temperature and humidity that will cause the bait to deteriorate and pollute the water quality.

4. Daily management.

The disease resistance of leeches is relatively strong, so our main management work in aquaculture is to regulate water quality. Although wild leeches do not have very strict requirements for water quality, if the water quality changes too much under artificial breeding, it will have a great impact on their growth and reproduction. When breeding, the water temperature should be controlled at about 20-30 degrees, and a certain amount of dissolved oxygen should be ensured.

If there is a lack of oxygen, it is necessary to inject water or increase oxygen in time. Especially in summer, because the temperature is high, the water quality is prone to deterioration, so be careful.

The above is a brief introduction to leech breeding technology, leech breeding technology is actually relatively simple. We only need to do a good job in management and strengthen bait feeding in breeding, so that we can obtain relatively good economic benefits. That's all for today's introduction, this article is for reference only, thank you for reading and supporting.