What is the difference between resistance and Westernism? 10

The resistance faction advocates inheriting the original system of the Qing Dynasty as it is, and the Westernists advocate the use of Chinese style and Western use, and using advanced Western technology to maintain the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty.

After the Opium War, the enlightened people of the landlord class, represented by Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan, advocated resolutely resisting the aggression of Western powers, and at the same time advocated learning from the West. This faction was known as the landlord class resistance.

The Westernists were a political faction within the ruling class that gradually formed and grew after the Second Opium War, especially in the process of suppressing the Taiping Rebellion. At that time, the main representatives of the Westernization faction were the Manchus represented by Yixin and Wenxiang, and the Han nationality represented by Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and Zhang Zhidong in the local area.

One advocates a war and the other advocates a war.

The former has ideas, and the latter has actions to enrich the country and strengthen the army.

It is necessary to maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty independently.

1. The Westernists maintained the feudal system of the Qing Dynasty; The reformers advocated learning from the Western political system and promoting civil rights.

Implement a constitutional monarchy. 2. The Westerners set up government-run industries; The reformers encouraged the study of the Western economic system and the development of national industry and commerce. 3. The Westernists advocate "Chinese and Western use" and simply learn foreign manufacturing skills; The reformers advocated that we should not only learn Western science and technology, but also learn advanced ideology and culture.

4. The Westernists belong to the representative figures of the feudal landlord class; The reformers belonged to the representatives of the upper strata of the national bourgeoisie. 5. The Westernists used the political power in their hands to know the disadvantages and the functions of Yun Qintong to carry out the Westernization movement.

The reformers adopted a reform movement with a certain mass bourgeois character and a political movement to save the country and save the country. 6. The Westernists were to maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty; The reformers were in order to develop capitalism in China.

1) Western-style burial faction.

It refers to a political faction that emerged within the ruling class of the Qing Dynasty after the Second Opium War, and its main political proposition was not to change the feudal system.

Under the premise of using advanced Western science and technology, the Qing Dynasty's unified cultivation liquid is maintained. The class nature of the Westernists was part of the feudal landlord class, not the bourgeoisie.

nature. 2) Westernization Movement.

It was the Westernists in the 60s and 90s of the 19th century who set off the movement of "mastering the skills of self-improvement". In the early stage, under the banner of "self-improvement," a number of modern military industries were set up, and in the later stage, under the banner of "seeking prosperity," a number of civilian industries were set up, and at the same time, activities such as planning coastal defense, establishing new-style schools, and sending students abroad were also carried out. These activities are all part of the "Westernization Movement".

3) The connection and difference between the two are: the Westernization Movement is the practical activity of the Westernists; The Westernists were a political faction, and the Westernization Movement was the concrete embodiment of the ideas of this faction in terms of economy, military affairs, and education.

The Westernists were a political faction within the ruling class that gradually formed and grew after the Second Opium War, especially in the process of suppressing the Taiping Rebellion.

The Western-style faction takes "self-improvement by Shiyi Changji Liang Mo" as the main purpose, and "middle school as the body, Western learning as the use" as the principle, and the main representatives in the ** are the Manchu clan nobles represented by Prince Gong Yixin and Guerjia Wenxiang, and the Han nationality represented by Zeng Guofan, Li Lizha Lahongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and Zhang Zhidong in the local area.

1. The representative characters are different.

Bourgeois reformists: The bourgeois reformists were born out of the reform of the law.

Period, to Kang Youwei.

Liang Qichao is a representative of the political faction aimed at establishing a constitutional monarchy.

Reformists: Kang Youwei, Yan Fu.

Liang Qichao, Tan Sitong.

The reform movement led by the reformists, which was the main representative, arose.

2. The process is different.

Bourgeois reformists: Revolutionaries advocated the use of violence to overthrow Qing rule, while reformists advocated the use of nonviolence to bring about social change. In addition, Kang Liang did not want to overthrow the Qing **.

After all, even if the constitutional monarchy they advocate is implemented, it still needs a **.

Reformists: The Restoration Movement was a patriotic political movement set off by the reformists in modern China, which attempted to save the nation from peril and develop the national economy through top-down reform methods.

This movement pushed China's struggle against foreign aggression and the search for a way out since the Opium War to a new stage. Politically, the Restorationists advocated the opening of the House of Representatives and advocated civil rights.

Limit the power of the monarchy and implement a constitutional monarchy.

Economically, it advocates the revitalization of industry and the development of the economy. Ideologically and culturally, it disseminated the idea of democratic politics, introduced Western natural science and social theories, and practiced traditional Chinese ethics.

It was criticized and played an important enlightening role in promoting the awakening of the people, especially the emancipation of the minds of intellectuals, and these were democratic revolutions in a more complete sense.

The arrival of the country made important political and ideological preparations.

The Restorationists were opposed to the diehards, and the two sides debated whether to change the law. The first ideological enlightenment movement in modern China was launched. The essence of both is to maintain the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty.

3. The results are different.

Reformers: The Pentecostal Reform.

It was a patriotic political movement that accelerated the process of China's modernization. At the critical juncture when foreign aggression against China is deepening day by day, the reformists demanded that the nation be saved from peril, which is of patriotic and progressive significance.

This reform has widely disseminated modern political theories and natural science knowledge, and has played an ideological enlightenment role in Chinese society.

Bourgeois reformists: ended in failure.

The essence is the difference between the classes, one of the two is the landlord class and the other is the bourgeoisie.

The Westernist ideology was subordinate to the landlord class, while the reformist ideology was subordinate to the bourgeoisie, and the two poles of the East and the West could be stimulated at the same time." The relationship between the two is further clarified. "The former doesn't need to go through the cultivation of the latter first, but in that great era.

It is a direct reflection of the historical mission facing the Chinese people in the background, and the latter is precisely an indirect reflection, which through the filtering effect of some real power factions at the landlord level, has turned the historical mission of the Restoration into the scope of foreign affairs acceptable to the rulers." Zheng Dahua's early reform ideology was born from the Westernization ideology, which coincided with the views of Li Shiyue, Xu Tailai and others. And in his book "The History of Late Qing Thought", he made a detailed discussion of the forest transport evidence: "In the Westernization Movement.

In the stage of the rise, they were ideologically related to the Zeng State Domain.

Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang.

There is no obvious difference between the Western-style bureaucrats and other representatives, and they are basically the same as the Western-style bureaucrats in their understanding of the 'changing situation,' the guiding ideology of 'self-improvement,' 'seeking prosperity,' the mode of operation of the government's supervision and business, and the cultural outlook of 'Chinese style and Western use.' It is believed that the early reform trend was born from the Westernization thought, and the former is the inheritance and development of the latter. It also further explains the reasons why the former was able to develop.

They are not in power, and their relationship with the Qing Dynasty is not as close as that of Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and others, but they have more ties with the national capitalist economy than Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and others." "They also know more about the social, political, economic and cultural conditions of the West than Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zong, Wu Gaotang and others."

They are also younger than Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and others, generally 20 or 30 years younger, and their thinking is therefore more sensitive, and they are more receptive to new ideas and things."

The fundamental purpose of the Westernists was to maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty, and the Westernists were limited to learning science and technology from the West, and did not change the feudal system.

The reformers advocated changing the law and trying to make it strong, changing the feudal system of the Qing Dynasty, and implementing reforms.

One does not touch the foundations of the feudal system, and the other advocates change.

The core idea is to maintain the decadent rule of the Qing Dynasty, but the reformists advocate learning from the Western system of "constitutional monarchy", while the Westernists are "learning from the system to improve themselves" under the premise of not being able to do so.

The reformists wanted to maintain the rule of the landlord class through reform; The Westernists, on the other hand, hoped to implement a constitutional monarchy in China through non-combative reforms.