Good management in cotton fields is conducive to increasing yields, what are the key points of manag

Cotton promotes growth, promotes transformation, early budding, and is a critical period of large buds, so the nutrients consumed will be more. We need to fertilize the cotton plant in time to replenish the nutrients it has lost, so how to plant and manage cotton to achieve high yield?

In fact, it is a critical period to determine the bumper yield of cotton, a critical period for cotton to promote growth, promote transformation, early bud, large bud, early flowering, and build a good yield shelf, and it is also a critical period for cotton demand for light, temperature, water, fertilizer, etc., and it is also a critical period for the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases. Therefore, all growers must pay attention to strengthening field management.

<> now more and more people are planting cotton in rural areas, and everyone wants to get higher profits by planting cotton. It is now the middle of June, and cotton is also in a critical period of growth, and it has basically budded, so it is necessary to strengthen the management of cotton at this time to make cotton grow healthily.

The active accumulated temperature was 80 105 degrees, and the effective accumulated temperature of 860 1060 degrees was required from the current bud to the flowering main stem and leaves, and the time lasted was 23 31 days. Pruning and budding. After the cotton plant buds, the fruit branches and leaf branches are easy to distinguish.

Leaf branches, farmers usually call it lazy branches, it has few flower buds, but the stems are thick and the leaves are large and long, and even compete with the main pole. Removing leaves and branches can enhance ventilation and light transmission and promote the growth of fruit branches.

In the middle of April every year, after the new tea is picked at home, the grandparents are busy planting cotton. Grandpa said that although cotton looks inconspicuous on the surface, there is a lot of attention to the planting of cotton. First of all, if the cotton in the field is sown too early, then the temperature may be too low, resulting in the cotton not budding or the germination time is prolonged, so the cotton seedlings in the field will be seriously uneven.

Secondly, if the cotton in the field is sown too late, then the normal growth and development time of cotton may be seriously shortened, resulting in a great degree of decline in the quality and quality of cotton itself.

In the field management is necessary to pay attention to the disease, so in advance should be sprayed with some pesticides, but also to choose some fertilizer, can go to urea, but when spraying, it is best to spray on the foliage, pay attention to watering, appropriate to accompany the soil, can improve the yield.

Attention should be paid to the management of the sowing distance between cotton fields, the depth of sowing, watering, fertilization, weeding, pest and disease control, and confirmation of light time.

It is necessary to water in time, ventilate in time, control the light intensity, top dressing in time, and apply organic fertilizer in time.

It is necessary to choose excellent varieties, and at the same time pay attention to the choice of fertilizer. It must be targeted, and pesticides must not be used indiscriminately. It is necessary to prevent pests and diseases in advance.

The selection of plant varieties, the planting density of plants, the management of pollution, the management of water and fertilizer, and the picking situation are all things that need to be paid attention to.

If you want cotton to be high-yield, you must do the following in the process of planting:

Pruning and topping: The time of topping should be well controlled, ending in mid-August at the latest, which can prevent the side branches from growing wildly, can shape the whole plant, improve light and ventilation, and reasonably distribute nutrients.

Strengthen fertilization management: fertilization should be light seedling fertilizer, stable fertilization after flowering, the demand for fertilizer at the flowering period is very large, and the base fertilizer should be done in advance.

Timely watering: The growth cycle of cotton is particularly long and requires a lot of water, so it is necessary to be flexible according to the weather conditions.

Strengthen the prevention of pests and diseases: mainly red spiders, aphids, Verticillium wilt, etc., to do a good job of prevention for different pests and diseases.

We must do a good job in the regulation and control of fertilizer and water, loosen the soil, drain and irrigate loosely, clean up the soil with stagnant water, remove branches and leaves, spray pesticides, and prevent pests and diseases.

Be sure to choose those *** cotton seeds first. The soil should also not be too moist. It is necessary to improve the structure of the soil.

Avoid the formation of a lot of germs in the soil. It is necessary to choose a suitable soil for sowing, so that the quality of cotton production will be greatly improved.

First of all, it is necessary to choose cotton varieties of very good quality, and in the selection of soil, it is necessary to choose soil with moderate moisture content for sowing, and then pay attention to the control of pests and diseases in the process of growth. Mastering these technologies can effectively improve the quality and yield of cotton, and can also make some farmers have good benefits.

Because the seed fly larvae in the soil of cotton field are similar to the pathogenic bacteria of cotton seedling blight, anthracnose and red rot, it is easy to cause seed and bud rot, thereby affecting the emergence rate of cotton seeds, therefore, it is an important way and measure to control pests and diseases and improve the emergence rate of cotton seeds. Uncoated cotton seeds should be chemically treated. Seed dressing that accounts for seed volume can be used for seed dressing, with 2 3 kg of water per 100 kg of seeds.

Choosing good weather before sowing and spreading cotton seeds in broken bags for 2 3 days can effectively promote the post-ripening of cotton seeds, kill the pathogens carried by the seeds, and improve the emergence rate of cotton seeds. The rotation of cotton field and gramineous crops in rotation can improve soil structure, reduce the occurrence of cotton seedling diseases, and increase the emergence rate. Therefore, when choosing land to grow cotton, it is better to choose land that is not planted with cotton or land that rotates crops, and avoid planting cotton on land that has been planted for many years.

Appropriate sowing is an important part of preserving and nurturing strong seedlings. Semi-precision and precision sowing should be used for delinquent coated cotton seeds as much as possible, and the principles of suitable moisture sowing, appropriate late sowing, appropriate depth sowing, and appropriate increase of sowing amount should be followed; Late sowing at the appropriate time is to shorten the seedling emergence time and reduce the rotten seed and germination rate, which is generally sown from April 16 to 26; Appropriate depth sowing is to strive for the sowing depth to control in centimeters; Appropriately increasing the sowing amount is to double the sowing amount per mu than usual.

After cotton enters the germination stage, all localities should adjust measures according to the seedling situation and implement classified management. In the cotton field, the cotton plant grows vigorously, so it is necessary to reasonably regulate and delay the water supply time. Shape the ideal plant type to promote early boll, multiple boll and large boll of cotton plants; Cotton fields should advocate combination regulation and control to promote the early construction of cotton plants into high-yield racks; Cotton fields develop late and grow weakly.

The method of combining water and fertilizer was used to promote the early growth of cotton seedlings.

The maximum width of the bracts of the first fruit branch and the first flower bud of cotton is 3mm. The date when 50% of the plants in the field population reach the bud standard per plant is the bud stage of cotton. The period from budding to flowering is called budding stage.

After budding, cotton has entered the synchronous period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, but it is still dominated by vegetative growth. The growth of aboveground and underground vegetative organs was significantly accelerated, and the growth of flower buds was also accelerated. Compared with the seedling stage, the bud stage is the period when the number of cotton populations in cotton fields increases greatly and the plant organs grow the fastest.

This is a general characteristic of the budding stage of cotton.

The increase in plant height includes an increase in the number of nodes and internode length of the main stem. Fruit branches grow faster. This is caused by an increase in the ambient temperature.

According to the test analysis, when the temperature is 25 26, one fruit branch can be added every 4 5 days. When the temperature is 29, one fruit branch can be added every 2 days. The leaf area per plant has increased significantly. Due to the increase of the number of leaves per plant and the increase of leaf area per leaf, the leaf area coefficient increased by 5 10 times compared with that at the seedling stage.

The total leaf area of the main stem is gradually smaller than that of fruit branches. Due to the growth of the fruit branch petioles and leaves, the lateral space occupied by the plant far exceeds the length of the fruit branch. Therefore, the influence of the growth of fruit branch internodes and fruit branch leaves on light gradually became the main factor.

Doing a good job in the diagnosis of cotton seedlings is the basis of field management at the cotton seedling stage. The growth and emergence of cotton buds in high-yield cotton fields requires stable growth on the basis of strong seedlings and early growth. According to years of experience, the appearance of high-yield cotton plants is generally thick, dense leaves, short internodes of the main stem, stable growth, new leaves covering the top, concave growth point, short stem, tight bracts, the red-green ratio of the main stem is 66%, the plant height is increasing day by day (no more than 2cm, otherwise it is a cotton seedling), and the leaf area coefficient.

For healthy cotton plants, the angle between the fruit branch and the main stem is large, the flower buds are large, and the budding speed is fast.

First of all, the most important thing is to irrigate the head water, adhere to the principle of no drought and no irrigation, the head water should be late, generally in the first flowering period to irrigate the head water, thin land and water shortage of three types of cotton fields to irrigate the head water in advance, the long cotton field can be postponed watering, to avoid the fall off of the bud bell due to the drought of the cotton field due to too much water or too long interval; Secondly, according to the growth, combined with the spraying of arthromine, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate for foliar top dressing, to supplement the fertilizer needed for reproductive growth. For cotton fields with weak growth and slow growth of disaster-affected replanting, 5 kg of urea per mu should be applied in combination with irrigation to promote vegetative growth and avoid urea sprinkling and burning seedlings. Then, according to the growth and seedling conditions, the timely chemical control of arthrochlor can be used to prevent cotton growth.

Normal growth of cotton fields in the bud stage, generally 6-7 leaves and acres before the head water are lightly adjusted with knotted amine to achieve the purpose of stable growth of hair trees at the bud stage and so on.

The soil must be loosened in time, and there must be more ventilation and more light, and reasonable fertilization and reasonable watering must be carried out.

First of all, it is necessary to spray pesticides to control pests and diseases, and secondly, it is necessary to break off part of the flower buds, otherwise the yield of cotton will decrease.

First of all, it is necessary to choose the appropriate planting spacing and planting density, in the process of planting, we must strengthen field management, and then prune the branches and leaves in time, and then we also need to water and fertilize in time.

Cotton is a very important crop in our country and even in the world, and has a very wide planting area in our country, but many people do not know how to manage when planting, which also leads to the failure of planting, especially the seedling management of cotton.

1. Ensure the whole seedling

When cotton seedlings break the soil, we must observe the growth of seedlings in time, and if we find that there is a lack of seedlings, we must make up for it in time, but we must make up for the same healthy seedlings, and move the seedlings as soon as possible. If there are no seedlings in the preparation, they should be sown in time when the lack of seedlings is serious, and the sowing should be diluted appropriately to avoid affecting seed germination.

2. Prevent large and small seedlings

Because the growth rate of seedlings is different, there will be large seedlings bullying small seedlings resulting in the growth of small seedlings, malnutrition phenomenon, in the fertilization should be adjusted according to the size of the seedlings, sprinkle more fertilizer on the seedlings to promote the growth of the seedlings, and improve the absorption capacity of nutrients.

3. Cultivating loose soil

At the cotton seedling stage, it is also important to loosen the soil, not only to prevent soil agglomeration, but also to reduce soil moisture and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Raising the soil temperature is also important to promote seedling development.

After each rainy season, tillage should be carried out to improve the permeability of the soil and ensure that the soil is soft and deep. It also promotes the growth of the root system, expands the root system, and enhances the uptake of nutrients and water by the root system, but it is important to remember that the depth should not exceed ten centimeters, as long as there are no weeds and the soil is soft.

4. Disease control

The ability of early seedlings to absorb nutrients is relatively weak, and the root system is not very developed, so when it comes to rainy weather, seedlings are easily affected by some diseases, which also leads to a decrease in production capacity, weak growth, and in serious cases, there will be dead seedlings, so we must do a good job in disease control.

Common anthracnose and wilt are mainly to be prevented, and when the temperature fluctuates too much, we should also spray the seedlings to improve the resistance of the seedlings, and also conduct regular observation of the seedlings in the usual planting management, so as to achieve early detection and early treatment.

5.Exterminate pests

Diseases and insect pests are also very large, and there are many kinds of pests, the parts of the harm are also different, and the work of prevention and control will also be affected, some pests not only seriously hinder the growth of cotton seedlings, but also carry some pathogens, spread diseases, cause the loss of growth points, and fail to flower and bear fruit, so we use the corresponding agents to prevent and control them.

It is necessary to master 5 technical points to achieve high cotton yield, the first is to select high-quality cotton seeds, secondly, large-scale planting, third, timely watering after planting to ensure the normal and healthy growth of cotton, fourth, timely clean up the surrounding weeds, loosen the soil on time, and ensure adequate nutrient supply, fifth, to prevent pests and diseases in time, spray nutrient solution on cotton on time, and ensure that cotton achieves high yield.

Pay attention to the soil, pay attention to the method of planting cotton, pay attention to the seeds of cotton, pay attention to the land, pay attention to the weather of planting, pay attention to the growth of cotton.

Pay attention to the soil, planting methods, pay attention to the seeds of cotton, pay attention to the weather, pay attention to the growth cycle of cotton, pay attention to insects.

Water and fertilizer management must be watered more, pay attention to the temperature control at about 10, and be sure to choose a reasonable fertilizer.

The first is to prepare the land and fertilize it. Cotton is a temperature-loving crop, so it is better to choose Pinggang sand (soil) land for planting, and irrigation before sowing to improve soil moisture. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, 3000-4000 kg per mu, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, 10-15 kg of urea and 10-12 kg of diammonium phosphate are applied to the base fertilizer.

Reasonable dense planting: The principle of mastery is that the land with high water and fertilizer should be planted sparsely, and the dry and thin land should be planted densely. The seedlings per mu can reach about 3,500 seedlings in the medium land plot, and about 4,000 seedlings in the dry and thin land.

It is necessary to take the form of planting in large and small rows, 80 cm in wide rows and 50 cm in narrow rows. First, try not to exceed the cottonseed that has been stored for too long, and the germination rate of cottonseed can only be maintained at 80% for half a year; The second is to avoid the perennial use of their own cottonseeds, because cottonseeds are heterogeneous crops, and it is easy to reduce the purity of cotton if the varieties are not renewed for many years.

Cotton has to be pesticide-treated once every 7 days when it begins to bud, because every seven days, each branch tip adds a bud, 3A 4-day moss, but also to prevent and control spider mite, the dosage instructions are explained, when the beginning of flowering, we should pay special attention to cotton, at 10 o'clock there are insects in the flowering there is a dosage of 2-4 kg per mu, use 3-5 times in a row, forcibly improve the synthesis of chlorophyll in cotton leaves, improve photosynthesis, promote dry matter accumulation, flower bud differentiation, reduce flower fall and boll, and make up for the photosynthetic loss of insufficient accumulated temperature in the early stage. The cost of compound water-soluble fertilizer is high, and farmers choose by themselves.

The first is the whole process of chemical control, that is, the use of arthromine to control the growth of cotton, do not spray too much at a time, to control the growth of cotton. The second is reasonable watering and fertilization, do not water and fertilize a large amount at one time, in line with the principle of a small amount and many times, water and fertilize frequently. The generic name for arthromine is methylpiperanium.

Xinjiang cotton area is accustomed to use arthromine soluble powder, the content on the market is 98% and 10%, and there are 15 kinds of registration; There are also 250 grams of aqueous agent registered arthrochlor, and there are 20 kinds of registration; Others are effervescent tablets and soluble granules and original drugs.