Urban Morphological Layout and Typical Cities 10

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Oh, and the radial layout is in Moscow.

The scattered and loose layout form has Lanzhou,

The urban layout is divided into two categories: centralized and dispersed according to the form of urban land use and road skeleton.

The spatial layout of cities can generally be divided into two types: centralized and decentralized, and group cities are one of the types of decentralized layout. This type of layout of the city, generally composed of scattered layout of several urban districts, each urban area is relatively independent, but also rely on each other, forming a unified whole, Zibo City, Qinhuangdao City, Huainan City, Wuhai City and so on are typical cluster cities.

A cluster city is composed of a number of urban districts that are relatively independent but interdependent. The layout of the urban area is scattered, the urban and rural areas are staggered, and the layout is stretched. This type of city generally has several urban districts with a scattered layout, which is the main feature that distinguishes it from the centralized city.

For example, the five urban districts of Zibo City (urban districts under the municipal district) are distributed in a "T" shape, each about 20 kilometers apart; There are four urban districts in Qinhuangdao City, of which the harbor district is buried as the main urban area, and Beidaihe District, Funing District and Shanhaiguan District are satellite urban areas, and the three districts are about 10 kilometers away from the harbor area. The scattered layout makes the urban and rural areas intersect with each other, have close connections, facilitate exchanges, and coordinate development; However, it also leads to a long front line of infrastructure construction, scattered investment, and difficult networking.

Prospects for the development of cluster cities:

A city is the political, economic and cultural center of a certain region, and is the "leader" of regional economic development. The development of regional economy further promotes the development of cities, and the two interact with each other and develop in a coordinated manner, which is the objective law of regional economy and urban development. Many cluster cities in China are formed in the mining and utilization of mineral resources in a certain region, and develop along with the development of comprehensive processing of mineral resources and other related industries, which has played a very good role in driving the development of regional economy.

Its urban-rural layout is conducive to the complementary advantages of urban and rural areas, the improvement of the level of rural industrialization and the rational allocation of urban and rural industrial structure, and the development of rural urbanization and urban modernization. <>

The form of the city is divided into clumps, clusters and strips. Urban form refers to the overall physical composition of a city, or the physical environment, as well as the spatial structure and form of various activities. Urban form is a comprehensive reflection of the generation, growth, form, structure, function and development of urban agglomerations.

1.Lumps: This is a relatively common urban form in the plains.

Chengdu, Hefei, Zhengzhou and other cities in China are all lumpy cities. Advantages: It is convenient to set up life service facilities in a centralized manner, which is convenient for residents' lives; It is convenient for administrative management and saves investment in municipal construction.

Disadvantages: Concentrated facilities, outstanding environmental problems.

2.Grouping: Chongqing is located at the confluence of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, and is also a hilly and mountainous area, and the rugged terrain makes the urban development lose its integrity in the region.

The whole urban area has formed several districts, which are separated by rivers and mountains. Advantages: Each group can organize its own production and life nearby.

Disadvantages: scattered land use, inconvenient contact, large investment in municipal construction.

3.Strip type: Lanzhou City is located in the Yellow River Valley, and its development is forced to extend east-west along the valley, forming a strip-like pattern.

There are also Luoyang, Xining, Yichang and other strip cities. Advantages: The proximity of all parts of the city to the suburbs and the proximity to nature.

Disadvantages: Urban traffic is concentrated in one or two directions, and the transportation distance is long.

The consideration of the form of urban layout is generally to focus on the overall situation and long-term interests, pay attention to the protection of the natural and ecological environment, deal with the functional layout, and finally take into account the ideal and reality. The influencing factors can be broadly divided into the following categories:

1. Natural environmental conditions (including geographical location). Engineering, hydrogeology, topography and landform 2. Regional conditions (regional urban layout, transportation and other major infrastructure).

3. Urban functional layout (the function of the city). That is to say, according to local conditions, the division of labor and functional characteristics of cities, industrial cities, agricultural cities and cities with developed service industries are definitely still different.

4. The current situation of the city. Transportation system and current road network (including the layout of external transportation facilities), location layout of urban centers, and humanities and urban design.

5. The overall conception and personal preference of the superior and the planner.

The formation of urban layout is influenced by many factors, both direct and indirect. For every city, it is often the result of a combination of factors. A number of towns within a given area, arranged in a constellation around a central city (Fig. f Main types of urban layout forms).

Due to the influence of such factors as natural conditions, resource conditions, construction conditions, and the current situation of cities and towns, this form of urban layout makes the development of industrial and agricultural production, transportation, and other undertakings in a certain area not only a whole, but also a division of labor and cooperation, which is conducive to the balanced distribution of population and productive forces. For example, Shanghai is a megacity as the center, and a number of large, medium and small cities are scattered in the surrounding areas to form an urban agglomeration.

Answer]: A The overall layout model of the city is a general expression of different urban forms, and the form of Chengqin Gao City is interrelated with the urban nature and scale, geographical environment, development process, industrial characteristics, etc., and has spatial integrity, characteristic inheritance and temporal continuity. The main modes of the overall layout of the city include:

the overall layout of the centralized city; The overall layout of the decentralized city is not enough.